Diversity of endophytic bacteria isolated from mangrove Bruguiera gymnorrhiza (L.) Lam.) and Rhizopora mucronata Poir. originated from Enggano island

Abstract

Endophytic bacteria are bacteria that live colonizing in plant tissues without causing harmful effects. Endophytic bacteria are found in the vascular tissues of plant, including mangroves (B. gymnorrhiza (L.) Lam. ) and R. mucronata Poir.). Mangroves have numerous advantages, one of them is as a medicinal plant. This study aims to obtain the diversity of endophytic bacteria isolated from Enggano Island mangroves (B. gymnorrhiza (L.) Lam. and R. mucronata Poir.). Endophytic bacteria were isolated using the grinding method through which the surface was sterilized with natrium hypochlorite and alcohol 70%. The obtained isolates were then identified in terms of morphological characters, Gram staining, and then biochemical tests. A total of 40 bacterial isolates were successfully isolated from the roots, stems, and leaves of both mangrove species. It was observed that 20 endophytic bacterial isolates were associated with mangrove B. gymnorrhiza (L.) Lam., while the remaining 20 isolates were from R. mucronata Poir. Based on morphological observation, Gram staining, and a series of biochemical tests, those 40 isolates were found to to be closely related with Bacilus, Micrococcus, and Pseudomonas. To conclude, B. gymnorrhiza (L.) Lam. and R. mucronata Poir. have a high diversity in endophytic bacteria.