Diversity of DNA viruses in effluents of membrane bioreactors in Traverse City, MI (USA) and La Grande Motte (France)

O’Brien, Evan; Munir, Mariya; Marsh, Terence L.; Héran, Marc; Lesage, Geoffroy; Tarabara, Volodymyr V.; Xagoraraki, Irene

doi:10.1016/j.watres.2017.01.014

Cited by 38 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…The 2013 study also indicates that bacteriophages can still be detected after hypochlorite treatment in the East Lansing wastewater treatment plant (41), though their hosts are retained or destroyed in the treatment facility. Phages have been used as indicators for the presence of pathogenic bacteria and viruses in untreated or treated sewage (46), as well as surface water and groundwater (47).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…In 2013, a metagenomic study of phages in wastewater influent and effluent was conducted using water from an East Lansing, MI, treatment plant (41). While the hosts of these phages could not be determined, that study indicated that most phages were tailed, with the long, non-contractile-tailed phages of the family Siphoviridae representing ϳ43% of the total phage population.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Shigella Phages Isolated during a Dysentery Outbreak Reveal Uncommon Structures and Broad Species Diversity

Doore

Schrad

Dean

et al. 2018

J Virol

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In 2016, Michigan experienced the largest outbreak of shigellosis, a type of bacillary dysentery caused by spp., since 1988. Following this outbreak, we isolated 16 novel-infecting bacteriophages (viruses that infect bacteria) from environmental water sources. Most well-known bacteriophages infect the common laboratory species and, and these phages have built the foundation of molecular and bacteriophage biology. Until now, comparatively few bacteriophages were known to infect spp., which are close relatives of We present a comprehensive analysis of these phages' host ranges, genomes, and structures, revealing genome sizes and capsid properties that are shared by very few previously described phages. After sequencing, a majority of the phages were found to have genomes of an uncommon size, shared by only 2% of all reported phage genomes. To investigate the structural implications of this unusual genome size, we used cryo-electron microscopy to resolve their capsid structures. We determined that these bacteriophage capsids have similarly uncommon geometry. Only two other viruses with this capsid structure have been described. Since most well-known bacteriophages infect or , our understanding of bacteriophages has been limited to a subset of well-described systems. Continuing to isolate phages using nontraditional strains of bacteria can fill gaps that currently exist in bacteriophage biology. In addition, the prevalence of phages during a shigellosis outbreak may suggest a potential impact of human health epidemics on local microbial communities. spp. bacteria are causative agents of dysentery and affect more than 164 million people worldwide every year. Despite the need to combat antibiotic-resistant strains, relatively few-infecting bacteriophages have been described. By specifically looking for -infecting phages, this work has identified new isolates that (i) may be useful to combat infections and (ii) fill gaps in our knowledge of bacteriophage biology. The rare qualities of these new isolates emphasize the importance of isolating phages on "nontraditional" laboratory strains of bacteria to more fully understand both the basic biology and diversity of bacteriophages.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Shigella Phages Isolated during a Dysentery Outbreak Reveal Uncommon Structures and Broad Species Diversity

Doore

Schrad

Dean

et al. 2018

J Virol

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…These may include human pathogens such as those introduced by fecal matter, but, more importantly, bacteriophage which serve to regulate bacterial populations (O'Brien et al, 2017). Bacteriophage alter biogeochemical cycles through lysis of bacterial cells (Díaz-Muñoz and Koskella and Brockhurst, 2014) and impact eukaryotes that depend on bacterial populations, thus having a significant impact on the greater ecosystem.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Heteroaggregation of an enveloped bacteriophage with colloidal sediments and effect on virus viability

Katz

Peña

Alimova

et al. 2018

Science of The Total Environment

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Four sediments in the colloidal size range: goethite, montmorillonite, illite, and kaolinite, were suspended with the bacteriophage φ6, a model enveloped virus, to determine relative rates of heteroaggregation and the effect of aggregation on virus viability. Turbidity was measured on combinations of virus and each sediment type at low concentration to determine aggregation rates. Aggregation of sediment with virus occurred regardless of mineral type, and larger fraction of virus is expected to aggregate with increasing sediment concentration leading to higher deposition rates. The negatively charged sediments, aggregated with φ6 (also negatively charged at neutral pH) at a faster rate than the positively charged sediments, yielding turbidity slopes of 4.94 × 10 s and 7.50 × 10 s for φ6-montmorillonite and φ6-illite aggregates, respectively, and 2.98 × 10 s and 2.84 × 10 s, for φ6-goethite and φ6-kaolinite, respectively. This indicates that the interaction between sediments and virus is hydrophobic, rather than electrostatic. Large numbers of virions remained viable post-aggregation, despite the fragility of the viral envelope, indicating that small-sized aggregates, which may travel more readily through porous media, may pose an infection risk. The fraction of φ6 that remained viable varied with sediment type, with montmorillonite-φ6 aggregates experiencing the greatest reduction in infectivity at 35%. TEM analyses reveal that in all sediment-φ6 combinations, infectivity loss was likely due to disassembly of the viral envelope as a result of aggregation.

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“…Each aquarium system is a unique ecosystem that is closed and controllable but mimics native aquatic habitats. Although previous studies have proved the feasibility of metagenomic approaches for exploring viromes in natural aquatic environments (Roux et al, 2012; Williamson et al, 2012; Hurwitz and Sullivan, 2013; Tseng et al, 2013; Brum et al, 2015; Kim et al, 2015, 2016), to the best of our knowledge, no studies have been published to date on viromes in an aquarium ecosystem, which is an engineered system but not wastewater (Cantalupo et al, 2011; Tamaki et al, 2012; Aw et al, 2014; O’Brien et al, 2017) or host-associated system (Minot et al, 2011; Ross et al, 2013; Lim et al, 2015). Thus, in a collaborative effort as part of Aquarium Microbiome Project 1 , we explored the relationship of viromes with exhibit environments, physiochemical parameters, and resident animals.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Aquarium Viromes: Viromes of Human-Managed Aquatic Systems

Kim

Bonn

et al. 2017

Front. Microbiol.

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An aquarium ecosystem is home to many animal species providing conditions similar to native aquatic habitats but under highly controlled management. With a growing interest in understanding the interaction of microbiomes and resident animal health within aquarium environments, we undertook a metagenomic survey of viromes in seven aquarium systems with differing physicochemical and resident animal profiles. Our results show that a diverse array of viruses was represented in aquarium viromes, many of which were widespread in different aquarium systems (27 common viral families in all of the aquarium systems). Most viromes were dominated by DNA phages of the order Caudovirales as commonly found in other aquatic environments with average relative abundance greater than 64%. The composition and structure of aquarium viromes were associated with controlled system parameters, including nitrate, salinity, and temperature as well as resident animal profiles, indicating the close interaction of viromes with aquarium management practices. Furthermore, finding human associated viruses in a touch exhibit suggested that exposure of aquarium systems to human contact may lead to introduction of human cutaneous viruses into aquaria. This is consistent with the high abundance of skin microflora on the palms of healthy individuals and their detection in recreational waters, such as swimming pools. Lastly, assessment of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) in aquarium viromes revealed a unique signature of ARGs in different aquarium systems with trimethoprim being the most common. This is the first study to provide vital information on viromes and their unique relationships with management practices in a human-built and controlled aquarium environment.

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Diversity of DNA viruses in effluents of membrane bioreactors in Traverse City, MI (USA) and La Grande Motte (France)

Cited by 38 publications

References 43 publications

Shigella Phages Isolated during a Dysentery Outbreak Reveal Uncommon Structures and Broad Species Diversity

Shigella Phages Isolated during a Dysentery Outbreak Reveal Uncommon Structures and Broad Species Diversity

Heteroaggregation of an enveloped bacteriophage with colloidal sediments and effect on virus viability

Aquarium Viromes: Viromes of Human-Managed Aquatic Systems

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