Diversity of bacterial polyhydroxyalkanoic acids

Steinbüchel, Alexander; Valentin, Henry E.

doi:10.1111/j.1574-6968.1995.tb07528.x

Cited by 531 publications

(358 citation statements)

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“…They are accumulated when the bacterial cells experience growth-limiting conditions of nutrients other than carbon. To date, more than a hundred different monomers have been reported to be incorporated in bacterial PHAs, resulting in a range of polymers with different material properties (Steinbüchel and Valentin 1995;Ward and O'Connor 2005;Chen and Wu 2005;Ren et al 2010).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Improved productivity of poly (3-hydroxybutyrate) (PHB) in thermophilic Chelatococcus daeguensis TAD1 using glycerol as the growth substrate in a fed-batch culture

Cui

Huang

et al. 2015

Appl Microbiol Biotechnol

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A particularly successful polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA) in industrial applications is poly (3-hydroxybutyrate) (PHB). However, one of the major obstacles for wider application of PHB is the cost of its production and purification. Therefore, it is desirable to discover a method for producing PHB in large quantities at a competitive price. Glycerol is a cheap and widely used carbon source that can be applied in PHB production process. There are numerous advantages to operating fermentation at elevated temperatures; only several thermophilic bacteria are able to accumulate PHB when glycerol is the growth substrate. Here, we report on the possibility of increasing PHB production at low cost using thermophilic Chelatococcus daeguensis TAD1 when glycerol is the growth substrate in a fed-batch culture. We found that (1) excess glycerol inhibited PHB accumulation and (2) organic nitrogen sources, such as tryptone and yeast extract, promoted the growth of C. daeguensis TAD1. In the batch fermentation experiments, we found that using glycerol at low concentrations as the sole carbon source, along with the addition of mixed nitrate (NH4Cl, tryptone, and yeast extract), stimulated PHB accumulation in C. daeguensis TAD1. The results showed that the PHB productivity decreased in the following order: two-stage fed-batch fermentation > fed-batch fermentation > batch fermentation. In optimized culture conditions, a PHB amount of 17.4 g l(-1) was obtained using a two-stage feeding regimen, leading to a productivity rate of 0.434 g l(-1) h(-1), which is the highest productivity rate reported for PHB to date. This high PHB biosynthetic productivity could decrease the total production cost, allowing for further development of industrial applications of PHB.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Improved productivity of poly (3-hydroxybutyrate) (PHB) in thermophilic Chelatococcus daeguensis TAD1 using glycerol as the growth substrate in a fed-batch culture

Cui

Huang

et al. 2015

Appl Microbiol Biotechnol

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“…These features make PHAs suitable for several applications in the packaging industry and in the medicine, pharmacy, agriculture, and food industries and as raw materials for the production of enantiomerically pure chemicals and for the production of paints (7)(8)(9)(10)(11)(12). More than 150 PHAs consisting of various monomers have already been discovered and can be divided into short-carbon-chain-length (scl [fewer than 6 carbon atoms]), medium-carbon-chain-length (mcl [6 to 14 carbon atoms]), and long-carbon-chain-length (lcl [more than 14 carbon atoms]) PHAs (4,13,14). Poly (3-hydroxybutyrate) [poly(3HB)] is the most prominent member of the PHA family and belongs to the scl subgroup (4,15,16).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…More than 150 PHAs consisting of various monomers have already been discovered and can be divided into short-carbon-chain-length (scl [fewer than 6 carbon atoms]), medium-carbon-chain-length (mcl [6 to 14 carbon atoms]), and long-carbon-chain-length (lcl [more than 14 carbon atoms]) PHAs (4,13,14). Poly (3-hydroxybutyrate) [poly(3HB)] is the most prominent member of the PHA family and belongs to the scl subgroup (4,15,16). Since poly(3HB) is very brittle and highly crystalline and exhibits a low elongation at break factor and a high melting temperature, economic expectations with respect to the utility of poly(3HB) as a bioplastic have not yet become a reality.…”

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confidence: 99%

“…For several years, there has been a steadily rising interest in so-called bioplastics. Hence, the group of polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs) has attracted widespread attention (3,4). Several microorganisms accumulate PHAs as intracellular granules when an excess of carbon is provided and when the depletion of at least one other macroelement such as nitrogen, oxygen, or phosphorus occurs simultaneously (5).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Poly(3-Hydroxypropionate): a Promising Alternative to Fossil Fuel-Based Materials

Andreeßen

Taylor

Steinbüchel

2014

Appl Environ Microbiol

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bPolyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs) are storage compounds synthesized by numerous microorganisms and have attracted the interest of industry since they are biobased and biodegradable alternatives to fossil fuel-derived plastics. Among PHAs, poly(3-hydroxypropionate) [poly(3HP)] has outstanding material characteristics and exhibits a large variety of applications. As it is not brittle like, e.g., the best-studied PHA, poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) [poly(3HB)], it can be used as a plasticizer in blends to improve their properties. Furthermore, 3-hydroxypropionic acid (3HP) is considered likely to become one of the new industrial building blocks, and it can be obtained from poly(3HP) by simple hydrolysis. Unfortunately, no natural organism is known to accumulate poly(3HP) so far. Thus, several efforts have been made to engineer genetically modified organisms capable of synthesizing the homopolymer or copolymers containing 3HP. In this review, the achievements made so far in efforts to obtain biomass which has accumulated poly(3HP) or 3HP-containing copolymers, as well as the properties of these polyesters and their applications, are compiled and evaluated.

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“…PHAs are of great interest for industry due to their physical properties, which are similar to those of industrially produced plastics, and also due to their biodegradability. They have been classified by the length of the carbon chain of the monomers as short-chain-length PHAs (PHA SCL s) (2 to 5 carbon atoms), medium-chain-length PHAs (PHA MCL s) (6 to 16 carbon atoms), and long-chain-length PHAs (PHA LCL s) (Ͼ16 carbon atoms) (2). The most prominent PHA-accumulating organism is the Gram-negative, facultative chemolithoautotrophic bacterium Ralstonia eutropha H16.…”

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confidence: 99%

Impact of Ralstonia eutropha's Poly(3-Hydroxybutyrate) (PHB) Depolymerases and Phasins on PHB Storage in Recombinant Escherichia coli

Eggers

Steinbüchel

2014

Appl Environ Microbiol

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bThe model organism for polyhydroxybutyrate (PHB) biosynthesis, Ralstonia eutropha H16, possesses multiple isoenzymes of granules coating phasins as well as of PHB depolymerases, which degrade accumulated PHB under conditions of carbon limitation. In this study, recombinant Escherichia coli BL21(DE3) strains were used to study the impact of selected PHB depolymerases of R. eutropha H16 on the growth behavior and on the amount of accumulated PHB in the absence or presence of phasins. For this purpose, 20 recombinant E. coli BL21(DE3) strains were constructed, which harbored a plasmid carrying the phaCAB operon from R. eutropha H16 to ensure PHB synthesis and a second plasmid carrying different combinations of the genes encoding a phasin and a PHB depolymerase from R. eutropha H16. It is shown in this study that the growth behavior of the respective recombinant E. coli strains was barely affected by the overexpression of the phasin and PHB depolymerase genes. However, the impact on the PHB contents was significantly greater. The strains expressing the genes of the PHB depolymerases PhaZ1, PhaZ2, PhaZ3, and PhaZ7 showed 35% to 94% lower PHB contents after 30 h of cultivation than the control strain. The strain harboring phaZ7 reached by far the lowest content of accumulated PHB (only 2.0% [wt/wt] PHB of cell dry weight). Furthermore, coexpression of phasins in addition to the PHB depolymerases influenced the amount of PHB stored in cells of the respective strains. It was shown that the phasins PhaP1, PhaP2, and PhaP4 are not substitutable without an impact on the amount of stored PHB. In particular, the phasins PhaP2 and PhaP4 seemed to limit the degradation of PHB by the PHB depolymerases PhaZ2, PhaZ3, and PhaZ7, whereas almost no influence of the different phasins was observed if phaZ1 was coexpressed. This study represents an extensive analysis of the impact of PHB depolymerases and phasins on PHB accumulation and provides a deeper insight into the complex interplay of these enzymes.

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Diversity of bacterial polyhydroxyalkanoic acids

Cited by 531 publications

References 38 publications

Improved productivity of poly (3-hydroxybutyrate) (PHB) in thermophilic Chelatococcus daeguensis TAD1 using glycerol as the growth substrate in a fed-batch culture

Improved productivity of poly (3-hydroxybutyrate) (PHB) in thermophilic Chelatococcus daeguensis TAD1 using glycerol as the growth substrate in a fed-batch culture

Poly(3-Hydroxypropionate): a Promising Alternative to Fossil Fuel-Based Materials

Impact of Ralstonia eutropha's Poly(3-Hydroxybutyrate) (PHB) Depolymerases and Phasins on PHB Storage in Recombinant Escherichia coli

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