Diversity of Antimicrobial Pyrenophorol Derivatives from an Endophytic Fungus, Phoma sp.

Abstract

Keywords: Absolute configuration / Antimicrobial activity / Endophytic fungus / Macrodiolides / Phoma sp. / Pyrenophorol Pyrenophorol (1) and (-)-dihydropyrenophorin (3), two known macrodiolides, were isolated together with four new analogues (2, 4-6) and three ring-opened derivatives (7-9) from Phoma sp., an endophytic fungus isolated from Lycium intricatum from Gomera. The structures of the new compounds were elucidated by detailed spectroscopic analysis, comparison with reported data, and chemical interconversion. The absolute configurations were determined by chemical correlations and a modified Mosher's method. The diversity of these seven newly discovered metabolites not only ex-

Xanthones and Oxepino[2, 3‐b]chromones from Three Endophytic Fungi

“…[77]; and for tests for biological activity, see ref. [78]. The melting points were determined on a Gallenkamp micromelting point apparatus and are uncorrected.…”

Dinemasones A, B and C – New Bioactive Metabolites from the Endophytic Fungus Dinemasporium strigosum

“…[24] For microbiological methods and conditions of culture see ref. [23] The 1 H (200 and 500 MHz) and 13 13 C peak assignments were based on 2D NMR analysis (COSY, HMQC and HMBC). CD spectra were recorded with a J-810 spetropolarimeter.…”

“…Metabolite 1a was tested for antibacterial, antifungal, and antialgal activities (Table 3) by the agar diffusion assay method, [22,23] metabolite 2a in a microtiter array. For the latter test, 200 µL of medium (CP for Chlorella fusca, MPY for Microbotryum violaceum, NB for Bacillus megaterium [22] ), 50 µL of suspension of the test organism, and 10 µL of test substance, dissolved in a mixture of acetone and methanol (1:1) at a concentration 10 mg/mL, were pipetted into each well of a microtiter plate.…”

Diversity and Ecological Significance of Fungal Endophyte Natural Products

“…In fact, the pure compound 43, previously described as anthelmintic [92], was moderately fungicidal while the algicidal activity was attributed to the monomer 46. Similar compounds were isolated from another endophytic Phoma obtained from the Mediterranean plant Lycium intricatum along with ring-opened derivatives, with antifungal, antibacterial, and algicidal activities [93]. Spruce (Picea glauca) has provided an endophytic strain responsible for the production of insect toxins [94].…”