Diversity of Antarctic Seaweeds

Oliveira, Mariana Cabral de; Pellizzari, Franciane; Medeiros, Amanda S.; Yokoya, Nair S.

doi:10.1007/978-3-030-39448-6_2

Cited by 19 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…However, studies on Antarctic seaweed biodiversity date back to 1817 (Wiencke and Clayton 2002) and Wiencke et al (2014) reported 124 known seaweed species for Antarctica with reference to numerous macroalgal community analyses. The focus of Antarctic seaweed biodiversity studies has been on the SSI, South Orkneys and the Western Antarctic Peninsula (Wiencke et al 2014, Oliveira et al 2020, making these areas of Antarctica the most studied ones in this respect. Hence, although most of the Antarctic continent is clearly understudied, the new species have been reported from sites with a long history of seaweed biodiversity research.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Invaders in waiting? Non-equilibrium in Southern Hemisphere seaweed distributions may lead to underestimation of Antarctic invasion potential

Laeseke¹,

Martínez²,

Mansilla³

et al. 2021

Frontiers of Biogeography

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Bioinvasions pose a major threat to global biodiversity. Correlative Ecological Niche Models (ENMs) can be a valuable tool to identify invaders and invasion sites. However, in cases when species are in non-equilibrium with their native environment (i.e. do not fill their niche), correlative approaches have limited power and invasions lead to shifts of the realized niche. In recent years, several new seaweed species have been reported in Antarctica. It is impossible to unequivocally identify which of these species are truly non-natives, however, here, we provide literature-based evidence that seaweed species have been introduced to Antarctica. Under this assumption, we reconstruct pre-and post-introduction niches of these species, calculate relative niche sizes and overlap between pre-Antarctic and Antarctic sites, and Highlights• Non-native Antarctic species likely originate from climatically non-matching and distant habitats • Shifts in realized niches might be common during introductions to Antarctica • Southern Hemisphere seaweeds in particular, and perhaps other intertidal organisms, in the Southern Hemisphere exhibit non-equilibrium distributions and might be "invaders in waiting" • Purely correlative approaches to identify potential Antarctic invaders are insufficient

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Invaders in waiting? Non-equilibrium in Southern Hemisphere seaweed distributions may lead to underestimation of Antarctic invasion potential

Laeseke¹,

Martínez²,

Mansilla³

et al. 2021

Frontiers of Biogeography

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“…Desmarestia menziesii has the widest geographical distribution of Antarctic Desmarestiales, with southernmost records in the Ross Sea at 76°S (Wiencke et al 2014;Küpper et al 2019;Oliveira et al 2020) and the northernmost occurrence reported from South Georgia Islands (54°S) (John et al 1994;Wiencke and Clayton 2002;Wells et al 2011). Therefore, in the early 1990s, D. menziesii was classified as a species with an Antarctic to cold temperate imprint (Wiencke and tom Dieck 1989Dieck , 1990Wiencke et al 1994) along with two red algae, I. cordata and Sarcopeltis antarctica (as Gigartina skottsbergii Setchell and N.L.…”

Section: Geographic Distribution Of Desmarestia Menziesiimentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Photoperiod, irradiance, and temperature are the main abiotic factors that regulate growth, reproduction, and survival of Antarctic macroalgae (Zacher et al 2009). As a result of the long exposure to these special environmental conditions, which were rather constant over geological time scales, endemism in Antarctica is very high compared to other regions of the world with 35.3% of the brown Antarctic macroalgae being endemic (Oliveira et al 2020).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of seawater temperature and seasonal irradiance on growth, reproduction, and survival of the endemic Antarctic brown alga Desmarestia menziesii (Phaeophyceae)

et al. 2022

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Endemic Antarctic macroalgae are especially adapted to live in extreme Antarctic conditions. Their potential biogeographic distribution niche is primarily controlled by the photoperiodic regime and seawater temperatures, since these parameters regulate growth, reproduction, and survival during the entire life cycle. Here we analyzed the upper survival temperature (UST) of juvenile sporophytes and the temperature range for sporophyte formation from gametophytes of Desmarestia menziesii, one of the dominant endemic Antarctic brown algal species. This process is a missing link to better evaluate the full biogeographical niche of this species. Two laboratory experiments were conducted. First, growth and maximum quantum yield of juvenile sporophytes were analyzed under a temperature gradient (0, 5, 10, 12, 13, 14, 15, and 16 °C) in a 16:8 h light:dark (LD) regime (Antarctic spring condition) for 2 weeks. Second, the formation of sporophytes from gametophytes (as a proxy of gametophyte reproduction) was evaluated during a 7 weeks period under a temperature gradient (0, 4, 8, 12, and 16 °C), and two different photoperiods: 6:18 h LD regime simulating winter conditions and a light regime simulating the Antarctic shift from winter to spring by gradually increasing the light period from 7.5:16.5 h LD (late winter) to 18.5:5.5 h LD (late spring). Sporophytes of D. menziesii were able to grow and survive up to 14 °C for 2 weeks without visible signs of morphological damage. Thus, this species shows the highest UST of all endemic Antarctic Desmarestiales species. In turn, gametophyte reproduction solely took place at 0 °C but not at 4–8 °C. The number of emerging sporophytes was six times higher under the light regime simulating the transition from winter to spring than under constant short day winter conditions. There was a negative relationship between the number of sporophytes formed and the gametophyte density at the beginning of the experiment, which provides evidence that gametophyte density exerts some control upon reproduction in D. menziesii. Results strongly indicate that although sporophytes and gametophytes may survive in warmer temperatures, the northernmost distribution limit of D. menziesii in South Georgia Islands is set by the low temperature requirements for gametophyte reproduction. Hence, global warming could have an impact on the distribution of this and other Antarctic species, by influencing their growth and reproduction.

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“…Reports of new records, including cryptogenic species, have a temporal limit in their interpretability, considering that species may expand their distributional ranges (Occhipinti-Ambrogi 2007). This would result in geographical distribution shifts and reduction in endemism levels (Pellizzari et al 2017, Oliveira et al 2020, which can modify the structure of marine communities. According to Sangil et al (2012), abrupt changes in the abiotic parameters emerge as invasion windows for expanding the biogeographical distribution of marine species.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Insular areas have also been addressed, including studies in Tristan da Cunha (Saunders et al 2019), Ascension (Barnes et al 2015, Tsiamis et al 2014, the Canary Islands (Afonso-Carrillo et al 2007, Sanson et al 2002, Haroun et al 2002 and the Azores islands, located in the southern and northern zones of the Mid-Atlantic Ridge (MAR), respectively, and Trindade between Brazil and MAR. Large-scale and mainly climate-driven distributional and biogeographical changes to temperate and polar ecosystems have been broadly reported (Sjøtun et al 2015, Pellizzari et al 2017, Oliveira et al 2020). In addition to these changes, new molecular techniques are being used to investigate cryptic species and reorganize the macroalgal taxonomy, establishing increasingly accurate phylogenetic relationships.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

New records of seaweeds and filamentous cyanobacteria from Trindade Island: an updated checklist to support conservation guidelines and monitoring of environmental changes in the southern Atlantic archipelagos

2020

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Oceanic islands are natural laboratories for investigating species diversity and richness patterns. Changes in abiotic parameters may induce shifts in marine biota. Seaweeds are recognized as bioindicators, though those from remote tropical islands have been rarely studied. This study updates the diversity, richness and distribution of macroalgae from Trindade, a Brazilian volcanic island located 1140 km off the coast. Biotic data, obtained in a global database and in situ and compiled in a new records list, were associated with abiotic parameters. Conservation and ecological issues were discussed in the context of the observed greater richness, expansion of the distributional range and low endemism. A total of 141 species were identified, including 60 new records and 20 taxa of filamentous cyanobacteria. The greater richness, including potential cryptogenic species, may primarily be associated with past incomplete samplings, current new techniques and combined taxonomical methods, including molecular analysis for cryptic species. However, on the macroscale, this study provides information for the re-evaluation of aspects of endemism, connections and biogeographical distribution shifts of seaweed assemblages, considering environmental changes. In addition, this updated checklist establishes a baseline for further comparative studies, reinforcing the hypothesis that biogeographical isolation can be disrupted by meteorological and oceanographic shifts, altering dispersal patterns and resulting in higher ecosystems connectivity.

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Diversity of Antarctic Seaweeds

Cited by 19 publications

References 34 publications

Invaders in waiting? Non-equilibrium in Southern Hemisphere seaweed distributions may lead to underestimation of Antarctic invasion potential

Invaders in waiting? Non-equilibrium in Southern Hemisphere seaweed distributions may lead to underestimation of Antarctic invasion potential

Effects of seawater temperature and seasonal irradiance on growth, reproduction, and survival of the endemic Antarctic brown alga Desmarestia menziesii (Phaeophyceae)

New records of seaweeds and filamentous cyanobacteria from Trindade Island: an updated checklist to support conservation guidelines and monitoring of environmental changes in the southern Atlantic archipelagos

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