Diversity in immunoreactivity of tumor-derived cytokeratin monoclonal antibodies.

Abstract

The cytokeratins 8, 18, and 19, expressed in many normal and malignant epithelial cells, were purified from human gastrointestinal tumors and used as immunogen for hybridoma generation. The reactivity pattern of five of the generated ten monoclonal antibodies (MAb) was characterized biochemically and immunohistochemically. All of the generated MAb were reactive with the central rod portion of the cytokeratins, as determined after partial enzymatic degradation, and displayed characteristic reactivity patterns. MAb TS 4 exhibits pan-epithelial immunohistochemical reactivity staining of all epithelial structures, including all layers of epidermis and non-keratinizing squamous epithelium and myoepithelial cells. The determinant involved is present on several different cytokeratins, i.e., nos. 1, 5, 7, 8, and 15, as determined by immunoblotting experiments from different tissues and cell lines. MAb TS 1, TS 3, and TS 7 reveal pluri-epithelial reactivity pattern immunohistochemically, similar to TS 4, but they are unreactive with whole epidermis and with superficial cell layers of non-keratinizing squamous cells. MAb TS 1 was found to be highly specific and reactive only with cytokeratin 8. Furthermore, the TS 1 MAb alone can precipitate the antigen, indicating reactivity with repetitive epitopes on cytokeratin 8. MAb TS 3 and 7 bind to cytokeratins 7 and 8. Finally, MAb TS 8 was found to be immunohistologically the most restricted, in general lacking reactivity to hepatocytes, pancreatic and salivary gland acinar cells, proximal renal tubules, and luminal cells of the epididymis. TS 8 was mainly reactive with cytokeratin 19 and showed weak binding to cytokeratin 8 and 14.

Comparison of Cytokeratin Fragment 19 (CYFRA 21-1), Tissue Polypeptide Antigen (TPA) and Tissue Polypeptide Specific Antigen (TPS) as Tumour Markers in Lung Cancer

“…In patients with benign diseases of the lung the cut off changed to a small extent for CYFRA 21-1 (2.1 μg/l) and for TPA (131 U/l), and to a greater extent for TPS (237 U/l). In agreement with our pilot study (9), CYFRA 21-1 showed high diagnostic sensitivity (79%) for squamous cell carcinomas of the lung (tab. 2).…”

“…Cytokeratins and other toward the same incidence in women. Clinical chem-intermediate filaments of the cell like vimentin and ical methods for the support of adequate follow up desmin have become well known since the developcare and the control of efficiency of therapy are avail-ment of monoclonal antibodies in histopathology for able only for small cell lung carcinomas, and they the differentiation and classification of physiological consist of the determination of neuron specific enolase and pathological tissues (8,9). The expression of a (6,7).…”

Functional mapping of the anti-idiotypic antibody anti-TS1 scFv using site-directed mutagenesis and kinetic analysis

“…Hybridoma cell lines producing monoclonal antibody TS1, 48 which targets cytokeratin 8 (CK8) and its anti-Id, anti-TS1, 6 were cultured as described. 48 The mAbs were purified from cell culture media using a Protein G column (Pharmacia Biotech) and eluted with 0.1 M glycine/HCl buffer pH 2.3. Fractions were neutralized and stored at -20°C.…”

Endoscopic papillectomy for carcinoma of the ampulla of Vater: Possible standardization based on endoscopy and immunohistochemistry

“…The result for intraductal-type lesion was consistent with the main location of the lesion (Ac), based on the H&E findings. The differences in cytokeratin expression in the superficial type is considered to be because different expressions were observed in samples fixed with formalin than in samples from frozen sections or those fixed with acetone or alcohol (17)(18)(19)(20)(21). In any case, our investigation using cytokeratin staining suggested that superficial-type lesions originate in the Ad region, which consists mainly of intestinal epithelium, and in part of the Ac region, in which pancreatobiliary epithelium is also present.…”