Diversity in immune-cell interactions: states and functions of the immunological synapse

Friedl, Peter; Storim, Julian

doi:10.1016/j.tcb.2004.09.005

Cited by 57 publications

(48 citation statements)

References 94 publications

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“…5D). This migratory contact plane thus mediates cell-cell signal transduction and homeostatic T-cell functions, thereby fulfilling the criteria of a dynamic IS [6,31]. Similar to non-cognate contacts in liquid culture [21] and activating contacts induced by cognate peptide [32], the actin cytoskeleton forms a continuous polarized scaffold along the contact plane toward the DC, consistent with a role for actin dynamics in homeostatic signaling.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 75%

A dynamic immunological synapse mediates homeostatic TCR‐dependent and ‐independent signaling

2010

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For homeostasis, T cells integrate non-cognate TCR-dependent and -independent signals to survive and weakly proliferate. In contrast to antigen-specific, stable, and long-lived contacts, signaling in short-lived homeostatic interactions depends upon the coordination of ongoing T-cell migration on the surface of DC and signaling at the cell-cell junction.To mimic peripheral tissues and analyze how T-cell migration and cell-cell signaling are integrated, we used live-cell imaging and 3-D reconstruction of fixed conjugates between DO11.10 T cells and DC in 3-D low-density collagen matrices. T cells simultaneously maintained amoeboid migration and polarized towards the DC, leading to a fully dynamic interaction plane that delivered signals for homeostatic T-cell survival and proliferation. The contact plane comprised three zones, the actin-rich leading edge poor in signal but driving migration, a mid-zone mediating TCR/MHC-induced signal associated with proliferation, and the rear uropod mediating predominantly MHC-independent signals. Thus a dynamic immunological synapse with distinct signaling sectors enables moving T cells to serially sample resident tissue cells and acquire molecular information ''en passant''.Key words: Immunological synpase . Migration . T-cell homeostasis Supporting Information available online IntroductionLymphocyte recirculation and amoeboid migration within secondary lymphoid tissues are mandatory for effective immune surveillance. In secondary lymphoid organs, T cells utilize amoeboid migration along fibroblastic reticular cells as guidance cues to rapidly scan APC for cognate antigen [1,2]. Whereas the role of migration in scanning cells for their antigenic repertoire is well established, its role in T-cell activation and signal induction is less clear. On the one hand, in vitro models suggest that the recognition of antigenic peptide leads to migratory arrest [3] and the formation of a concentrically segregated interaction plane with a peripheral ring of adhesion molecules surrounding a central accumulation of TCR, the immunological synapse (IS) [4,5]. Conversely, the most powerful APC, DC, activate T cells via both stably adhesive and migratory contacts, depending on signal strength and phase of T-cell priming [6][7][8][9] and do not induce a segregated IS [10,11]. In a lipid bilayer model, the concept of productive TCR signaling despite T-cell migration is suggested by intermittent episodes of T-cell migration, which are associated with enhanced TCR signaling and IL-2 secretion [12]. Thus, the spectrum of activating T-cell/APC interactions is diverse and T-cell migration appears to contribute to rather than interfere with signal induction. However, as adhesive and migratory contact phases alternate sequentially in most experimental models, the specific topography and function of migratory phases remain unclear.In contrast to antigen-specific contacts, in vivo interactions between T cells and DC that do not present cognate antigen are Due to their intrinsic dynamics coupled to signal i...

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 75%

A dynamic immunological synapse mediates homeostatic TCR‐dependent and ‐independent signaling

2010

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“…For many years, this concept was reserved solely for neurons. However, current advances in immunology have resulted in general acceptance of the term 'immunological synapse' for cell-to-cell contacts between T cells and antigen-presenting cells (APCs) [23]. Recently, this synaptic concept was extended further by the proposal of a 'virological synapse' to explain the viral cell-tocell spread across animal tissues [24].…”

Section: Neuronal Molecules In Plantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…If the term 'synapse' is defined in its broadest sense as a 'stable and asymmetric adhesive domain across which information is relayed by local vesicle recycling' [23], then the end-poles (cross-walls) of plant cells [14,15] can be considered to represent 'plant synapses' (Figure 1a,b). Plasmodesmata are abundant at plant synapses [15] and are responsible for electrical coupling across plant synapses (reviewed in Ref.…”

Section: Neuronal Molecules In Plantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Plasmodesmata are abundant at plant synapses [15] and are responsible for electrical coupling across plant synapses (reviewed in Ref. [15], see Table 1 in [23] for other types of synapses). In addition, signalling proteins are also found to be enriched at plant synapses [14].…”

Section: Neuronal Molecules In Plantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In addition, signalling proteins are also found to be enriched at plant synapses [14]. As in the case of the 'immunological synapse' [23], introducing the concept of the 'plant synapse' should prove to be beneficial for the progress of contemporary plant cell biology, which currently lacks any satisfactory explanations for phenomena such as gravisensing and polar transport of auxin (Figure 1c-e). The polar transport of auxin not only mechanistically links gravisensing with the graviresponse of plant organs [29] but also drives bending responses of organs in response to light stimuli, thus shaping the whole plant body [30,31].…”

Section: Neuronal Molecules In Plantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Plant synapses: actin-based domains for cell-to-cell communication

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Plant neurobiology and green plant intelligence: science, metaphors and nonsense

Struik¹,

Yin²,

Meinke³

2007

J Sci Food Agric

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This paper analyses the recent debates on the emerging science of plant neurobiology, which claims that the individual green plant should be considered as an intelligent organism. Plant neurobiology tries to use elements from animal physiology as elegant metaphors to trigger the imagination in solving complex plant physiological elements of signalling, internal and external plant communication and whole-plant organisation. Plant neurobiology proposes useful concepts that stimulate discussions on plant behaviour. To be considered a new science, its added value to existing plant biology needs to be presented and critically evaluated. A general, scientific approach is to follow the so-called 'parsimony principle', which calls for simplest ideas and the least number of assumptions for plausible explanation of scientific phenomena. The extent to which plant neurobiology agrees with or violates this general principle needs to be examined. Nevertheless, innovative ideas on the complex mechanisms of signalling, communication, patterning and organisation in higher plants are badly needed. We present current views on these mechanisms and the specific role of auxins in regulating them.  2007 Society of Chemical IndustryKeywords: communication; organisation; patterning; plant neurobiology; plant intelligence; signalling INTRODUCTIONEnormous progress in knowledge on the molecular biology and genetics of plants has highlighted the complexity of plant metabolism and its regulation under variable and often stressful environmental conditions. Plant scientists wonder how the plant, as an autonomous organism, is capable of managing its internal complexity and the myriad of information it is exposed to in order to maximise its fitness, i.e. its capability to survive under stress and propagate its genes. There is a need for new concepts on how plants perceive signals, how plants arrange internal communication within the (nuclear or other) genome, within cells, between cells and between tissues or organs, and how the plasticity of the whole plant is organised. Plant neurobiology offers such a concept, borrowing metaphors, images and ideas from animal physiology. Plant neurobiology assumes the existence in green plants of structures equivalent to those known from animal physiology, such as synapses * , neurons, rapid signalling and communication systems, including an organisation

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Diversity in immune-cell interactions: states and functions of the immunological synapse

Cited by 57 publications

References 94 publications

A dynamic immunological synapse mediates homeostatic TCR‐dependent and ‐independent signaling

A dynamic immunological synapse mediates homeostatic TCR‐dependent and ‐independent signaling

Plant synapses: actin-based domains for cell-to-cell communication

Plant neurobiology and green plant intelligence: science, metaphors and nonsense

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