Diversity in Clinical and Biomedical Research: A Promise Yet to Be Fulfilled

Oh, Sam S.; Galanter, Joshua; Thakur, Neeta; Pino-Yanes, María; Barceló, Nicolás E.; White, Marquitta J.; Bruin, Danille M de; Greenblatt, Ruth M.; Bibbins‐Domingo, Kirsten; Wu, Alan H.B.; Borrell, Luisa N.; Gunter, Chris; Powe, Neil R.; Burchard, Esteban G.

doi:10.1101/034538

Cited by 84 publications

(117 citation statements)

References 33 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

115

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…We must also acknowledge that estimating race/ethnicity based on the geographical location of the study is a limitation of our meta-analysis, but more importantly, a limitation of primary-level studies in this literature. [134][135][136] We estimated race/ethnicity only when it was unreported in the original article; unfortunately, this was the case for the majority of our sample. Nonetheless, we employed the same methodology used by Whelton et al 43 and 2 recent meta-analyses that examined differences in prevalence of high BP 45 and diabetes mellitus 44 between racial/ ethnic minority groups.…”

Section: Limitations Strengths and Future Directionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dynamic Resistance Training as Stand‐Alone Antihypertensive Lifestyle Therapy: A Meta‐Analysis

MacDonald

Johnson

Huedo‐Medina

et al. 2016

JAHA

190

146

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

BackgroundAerobic exercise (AE) is recommended as first‐line antihypertensive lifestyle therapy based on strong evidence showing that it lowers blood pressure (BP) 5 to 7 mm Hg among adults with hypertension. Because of weaker evidence showing that dynamic resistance training (RT) reduces BP 2 to 3 mm Hg among adults with hypertension, it is recommended as adjuvant lifestyle therapy to AE training. Yet, existing evidence suggests that dynamic RT can lower BP as much or more than AE.Methods and ResultsWe meta‐analyzed 64 controlled studies (71 interventions) to determine the efficacy of dynamic RT as stand‐alone antihypertensive therapy. Participants (N=2344) were white (57%), middle‐aged (47.2±19.0 years), and overweight (26.8±3.4 kg/m2) adults with prehypertension (126.7±10.3/76.8±8.7 mm Hg); 15% were on antihypertensive medication. Overall, moderate‐intensity dynamic RT was performed 2.8±0.6 days/week for 14.4±7.9 weeks and elicited small‐to‐moderate reductions in systolic BP (SBP; d+=−0.31; 95% CIs, −0.43, −0.19; −3.0 mm Hg) and diastolic BP (DBP; d+=−0.30; 95% CIs, −0.38, −0.18; −2.1 mm Hg) compared to controls (Ps<0.001). Greater BP reductions occurred among samples with higher resting SBP/DBP: ≈6/5 mm Hg for hypertension, ≈3/3 mm Hg for prehypertension, and ≈0/1 mm Hg for normal BP (Ps<0.023). Furthermore, nonwhite samples with hypertension experienced BP reductions that were approximately twice the magnitude of those previously reported following AE training (−14.3 mm Hg [95% CIs, −19.0, −9.4]/−10.3 mm Hg [95% CIs, −14.5, −6.2]).ConclusionsOur results indicate that for nonwhite adult samples with hypertension, dynamic RT may elicit BP reductions that are comparable to or greater than those reportedly achieved with AE training. Dynamic RT should be further investigated as a viable stand‐alone therapeutic exercise option for adult populations with high BP.

show abstract

Section: Limitations Strengths and Future Directionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dynamic Resistance Training as Stand‐Alone Antihypertensive Lifestyle Therapy: A Meta‐Analysis

MacDonald

Johnson

Huedo‐Medina

et al. 2016

JAHA

190

146

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…17 While this legislation has led to some progress in ensuring equitable representation for NIH-funded trials, 18,19 minorities continue to have disproportionately poorer health outcomes, 4 and the underrepresentation of women and minorities in clinical research remains pervasive. 20 This research underrepresentation has been documented in diverse fields including cancer, [21][22][23][24][25] cardiovascular disease including heart disease, hypertension, and vascular surgery, [26][27][28][29][30][31] orthopedics, 32 liver disease, 33 gynecologic disease, 34 lung disease, 35 infectious disease, 36 and mental health. [37][38][39] However, to date, investigations into neurological research disparities have been relatively neglected, and we are not aware of studies that have examined the inclusion of women and minorities in headache research.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Minority Representation in Migraine Treatment Trials

Robbins

Bernat

2017

Headache

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Most recent headache studies comply with the NIH mandate to include women and minorities in research trials, particularly U.S.-based and industry-funded studies. Whites are overrepresented compared to both the general population and the population of migraineurs. Future studies should strive to increase minority participation and investigate race-based differences in migraine expression, treatment response, and medication toxicity.

show abstract

“…Minorities in general are underrepresented in medical research. 11,12 There are multiple reasons minorities have been underrepresented in intervention studies. 12,13 For example, in the black community, there is a long documented history of a distrust of research and the health care system.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Strategic recruitment of an ethnically diverse cohort of overweight survivors of breast cancer with lymphedema

Hackley

Fornash

Dean

et al. 2017

Cancer

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

BACKGROUND: Black women are more likely to experience adverse effects from cancer treatment such as lymphedema. Thus, black women may particularly benefit from research regarding interventions to improve lymphedema. Herein, the authors report the challenges and strategies related to the recruitment of minority survivors of breast cancer and to the recruitment of survivors of breast cancer with lymphedema into the Women In Steady Exercise Research (WISER) Survivor Clinical Trial. METHODS: Subjects for this community-based trial were recruited from the Philadelphia area through active (mailings) and passive (printed materials and Web site) recruitment strategies. In addition, education sessions coordinated through partner hospitals in communities with a predominantly minority population were conducted to increase awareness of lymphedema in survivors of breast cancer. Women who were interested in the study were screened for lymphedema via telephone questionnaire and invited to see a study-related certified lymphedema therapist to confirm the presence of lymphedema. RESULTS: Screening was conducted among 2295 women: 628 were eligible, 450 consented, and 351 were randomized. Minority women comprised 38% of the study population. Letters to women on state and hospital registries resulted in a 0.4% randomization rate; education sessions yielded a 10% randomization rate. The authors observed that approximately 23.6% of the study sample had no previous diagnosis of lymphedema. CONCLUSIONS: The WISER Survivor Clinical Trial faced multiple recruitment challenges and used unique strategies to successfully enroll minority survivors of breast cancer into a lifestyle intervention. Cancer 2018;124:95-104.

show abstract

Diversity in Clinical and Biomedical Research: A Promise Yet to Be Fulfilled

Cited by 84 publications

References 33 publications

Dynamic Resistance Training as Stand‐Alone Antihypertensive Lifestyle Therapy: A Meta‐Analysis

Dynamic Resistance Training as Stand‐Alone Antihypertensive Lifestyle Therapy: A Meta‐Analysis

Minority Representation in Migraine Treatment Trials

Strategic recruitment of an ethnically diverse cohort of overweight survivors of breast cancer with lymphedema

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About