Diversity, frequency and antifungal resistance of <i>Candida</i> species in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus

Saavedra, J.; Lund, Rafael Guerra; González, Javier Ernesto Barreras; Huenchunao, Romina; Perez-Vallespir, Ilia; Morales-Bozo, Irene; Urzúa, Blanca; Tarquinio, Sandra Chaves; Maturana-Ramírez, Andrea; Martos, Josué; Fernández-Ramires, Ricardo; Molina-Berríos, Alfredo

doi:10.1080/00016357.2018.1484154

Cited by 13 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…The most isolated species was C. albicans , and different genotypes exhibited different virulence activities [ 52 ]. Correspondingly, Aitken-Saavedra et al (Chile) revealed that 66% of the isolated yeasts were C. albicans , followed by C. glabrata (20.7%) [ 53 ]. In fact, in the last years, NCAC have been more identified in oral infections.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence and Antifungal Susceptibility Profile of Oral Candida spp. Isolates from a Hospital in Slovakia

et al. 2022

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Oral fungal infections are a worldwide healthcare problem. Although Candida albicans is still the most common yeast involved in the infections of oral cavity, non-Candida albicans Candida species (NCACs) have been highly related to these infections, particularly in older, immunosuppressed or patients with long exposure to antimicrobial drugs. The goal of this work was to perform a quick epidemiological and mycological study on the oral samples collected from a laboratory of a hospital in Slovakia, for 60 days. The samples’ identification was performed by Germ-tube formation test, CHROMID® Candida, Auxacolor 2, ID 32C automated method, and the antifungal susceptibility testing determined by E-test®. Results confirm that comparing with bacteria, yeasts still occur in the lower number, but there is a high rate of antifungal resistance (81.6%)—to, at least one drug—among the collected samples, particularly to azoles and 5′-FC, which is clinically noteworthy.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence and Antifungal Susceptibility Profile of Oral Candida spp. Isolates from a Hospital in Slovakia

et al. 2022

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“…In these conditions, the significant decrease in the salivary gland function was confirmed in many previous clinical studies [ 17 , 58 , 59 , 60 ]. Moreover, the salivary gland dysfunction has been associated with higher prevalence of dental caries [ 17 , 60 ], oral candidiasis [ 61 ], periodontitis [ 58 ], mucous injury, and xerostomia [ 62 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Eight-Week Consumption of High-Sucrose Diet Has a Pro-Oxidant Effect and Alters the Function of the Salivary Glands of Rats

Maciejczyk

Matczuk²,

Żendzian-Piotrowska

et al. 2018

Nutrients

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A high-sucrose diet (HSD) is widely known for its cariogenic effects and promotion of obesity, insulin resistance, type 2 diabetes, and cancer. However, the impact of the HSD diet on the salivary gland function as well as the level of salivary oxidative stress is still unknown and requires evaluation. Our study is the first to determine both redox balance and oxidative injury in the parotid and submandibular glands of rats fed the HSD diet compared to the control group. We have demonstrated that uric acid concentration and the activity of superoxide dismutase and peroxidase varied significantly in both the submandibular and parotid glands of HSD rats vs. the control group. However, enhanced oxidative damage to proteins, lipids, and DNA (increase in advanced glycation end products, advanced oxidation protein products, 4-hydroxynonenal, and 8-hydroxy-2’-deoxyguanosine) was observed only in the parotid glands of HSD rats. Moreover, the HSD diet also reduced the total protein content and amylase activity in both types of salivary glands and decreased the stimulated salivary flow rate. To sum up, an HSD diet reduces salivary gland function and disturbs the redox balance of the parotid as well as submandibular salivary glands. However, the parotid glands are more vulnerable to both antioxidant disturbances and oxidative damage.

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“…Importantly, several reports have stated the importance of the evaluation of the susceptibility of the oral isolates to the antifungal drugs in order to choose proper therapy in diabetic patients to control the fungal diseases. Aitken-Saavedra et al [160] revealed that 66% of the yeasts isolated in diabetic patients were C. albicans , followed by C. glabrata (20.7%). In patients with decompensated type 2 DM, higher levels of salivary acidification and a greater diversity and quantity of yeasts of the genus Candida were observed.…”

Section: Candidiasis and Dmmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In patients with decompensated type 2 DM, higher levels of salivary acidification and a greater diversity and quantity of yeasts of the genus Candida were observed. When nystatin was administered in these patients, higher inhibition was observed at a lower pH [160]. The study presented by Lydia Rajakumari and Saravana Kumari [161] showed a lower glycemic control leads to a higher candidal colonization in diabetic patients.…”

Section: Candidiasis and Dmmentioning

confidence: 99%

Candida sp. Infections in Patients with Diabetes Mellitus

Rodrigues

Henriques

2019

JCM

202

161

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Candidiasis has increased substantially worldwide over recent decades and is a significant cause of morbidity and mortality, especially among critically ill patients. Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a metabolic disorder that predisposes individuals to fungal infections, including those related to Candida sp., due to a immunosuppressive effect on the patient. This review aims to discuss the latest studies regarding the occurrence of candidiasis on DM patients and the pathophysiology and etiology associated with these co-morbidities. A comprehensive review of the literature was undertaken. PubMed, Scopus, Elsevier’s ScienceDirect, and Springer’s SpringerLink databases were searched using well-defined search terms. Predefined inclusion and exclusion criteria were applied to classify relevant manuscripts. Results of the review show that DM patients have an increased susceptibility to Candida sp. infections which aggravates in the cases of uncontrolled hyperglycemia. The conclusion is that, for these patients, the hospitalization periods have increased and are commonly associated with the prolonged use of indwelling medical devices, which also increase the costs associated with disease management.

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Diversity, frequency and antifungal resistance of Candida species in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus

Abstract: The antifungal therapies could be more effective if it consider, qualitative salivary characteristics as pH, that could determine the susceptibility of species of Candida to at least to nystatin, which is the most used antifungal for treatment to oral candidiasis in patients with DM2.

Cited by 13 publications

References 34 publications

Prevalence and Antifungal Susceptibility Profile of Oral Candida spp. Isolates from a Hospital in Slovakia

Prevalence and Antifungal Susceptibility Profile of Oral Candida spp. Isolates from a Hospital in Slovakia

Eight-Week Consumption of High-Sucrose Diet Has a Pro-Oxidant Effect and Alters the Function of the Salivary Glands of Rats

Candida sp. Infections in Patients with Diabetes Mellitus

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