Diversity and size changes in palaeonisciform fishes (Actinopterygii, Pisces) from the Pennsylvanian Mazon Creek fauna, Illinois, U.S.A.

Schultze, Hans‐Peter; Bardack, David

doi:10.1080/02724634.1987.10011635

Cited by 34 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…This was the case for the Fouldenia juveniles constituting the defunct species ‘ Styracopterus ischipterus ’. Splitting on the basis of incomplete growth series has occurred elsewhere: several, size‐restricted species of Elonichthys from the Pennsylvanian of Mazon Creek, Illinois, were synonymized into the growth series of a single taxon by Schultze & Bardack (). Ontogenetic trait changes have been noted among other fishes (Cloutier, ), many of which involve dermal bone shape and ornament (see Dietze, ), as commonly used in diagnoses (see Traquair, 1877–1914; Newberry, ; Gardiner & Schaeffer, ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Styracopterid (Actinopterygii) ontogeny and the multiple origins of post-Hangenberg deep-bodied fishes

Sallan¹,

Coates²

2013

Zool J Linn Soc

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The Carboniferous fish family Styracopteridae (Actinopterygii) originated as part of the initial radiation of ray‐finned fishes following the end‐Devonian Hangenberg extinction. Specimens of Styracopterus fulcratus (Traquair, 1890) have been collected from post‐extinction Tournaisian and Visean Scottish sediments for over 100 years, including sites containing some of the earliest ‘Romer's Gap’ tetrapods. Re‐examination of this supposedly long‐lived, static species has revealed two genera, Styracopterus and Fouldenia White, 1927, divergent from each other and previous descriptions. Here, we show that styracopterids are among the earliest actinopterygians with durophagous dentition and toothplates, the latter likely to have derived from the ectopterygoids and coronoids. On the basis of this and other traits, such as the presence of an enameloid ‘beak’, the fusiform styracopterids are linked to some, but not all, the deep‐bodied actinopterygians previously placed in the suborder Platysomoidei. A new plesion, Eurynotiformes, is erected to contain the styracopterids, the deeply fusiform Eurynotus and the widespread Amphicentrum, among other laterally compressed fishes. This implies that platysomoids are polyphyletic: deep‐bodied and/or durophagous fishes evolved multiple times following the Hangenberg event. Reconstructed styracopterid growth series show that trunk depth increased during maturation, mirroring the shape variation observed among the Eurynotiformes. Other ontogenetic changes involve fin‐ray differentiation, jaw form, dermal bone ornamentation, and scale morphology; all of these are widely used as actinopterygian diagnostic characters. Further investigation of Eurynotiformes should reveal the extent of evolutionary and ontogenetic change within the earliest actinopterygian radiation, and are likely to rewrite their phylogeny. © 2013 The Linnean Society of London

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Styracopterid (Actinopterygii) ontogeny and the multiple origins of post-Hangenberg deep-bodied fishes

Sallan¹,

Coates²

2013

Zool J Linn Soc

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“…Schindler (1993) described †Elonichthys as being a "summary" genus that cannot be clearly defined. Schultze and Bardack (1987) and Malabarba (1988) have both discussed the paraphyletic/polyphyletic nature of the genus †Elonichthys. Long (1988, p. 39) cautioned that many Carboniferous species of †Elonichthys have been erected on characters of "dubious phylogenetic value" and that the genus could be paraphyletic.…”

Section: † Elonichthysmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…germari, is represented by a poor type specimen (Schultze and Bardack, 1987;Malabarba, 1988;Long, 1988;Schindler, 1993). As pointed out by Schultze and Bardack (1987), the type specimen of † Elonichthys germari does not allow for confirmation of generic designation. Malabarba (1988) also commented on the poor quality of the type species of this genus and our poor understanding of the genus as a whole.…”

Section: † Elonichthysmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The type species of †Elonichthys, †E. germari, is represented by a poor type specimen (Schultze and Bardack, 1987;Malabarba, 1988;Long, 1988;Schindler, 1993). As pointed out by Schultze and Bardack (1987), the type specimen of † Elonichthys germari does not allow for confirmation of generic designation.…”

Section: † Elonichthysmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…planti (Coates, 1999); †Cosmoptychius striatus (Gardiner, 1963); and †Nozamichthys, " †Elonichthys peltigerus", and " †E." hypsilepis (Schultze and Bardack, 1987).…”

Section: Suborbital Bonesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The lower actinopterygian fauna from the Lower Carboniferous Albert shale formation of New Brunswick, Canada – a review of previously described taxa and a description of a new genus and species

Mickle

2017

Foss. Rec.

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Abstract. The Lower Carboniferous Albert shale formation of New Brunswick, Canada, is well-known for the preservation of countless articulated lower actinopterygian palaeoniscoid fishes. This site is at the boundary between the Devonian and the Lower Carboniferous, making the lower actinopterygians preserved at this site important. The taxonomic history of previously described Albert shale formation actinopterygians is reviewed here. Many of the earliest described actinopterygian taxa from the Albert Formation are represented by poorly preserved type specimens and have the distinction of being moved from one paraphyletic genus to another paraphyletic genus. While these taxa are in need of major redescriptions, such work is premature until the large paraphyletic or polyphyletic genera they have been placed in, Palaeonicus[m], †Rhadinichthys, and †Elonichthys, are redescribed. But there is new diversity within the Albert shale formation. Here, a new lower actinopterygian species, †Lambeia pectinatus, is described from one well-preserved specimen. This new species is characterized by dorsal ridge scales with pectinated posterior margins, body scales inserted between adjacent dorsal ridge scales, body scales with pectinated posterior and ventral margins, the presence of a ventral rostro-premaxilla and a median rostral bone, a separate and distinct antorbital bone, and a single supraorbital bone. This newly described species is distinct from previously described fishes from the Albert Formation, and the morphology of this newly described species is more similar to later Carboniferous fishes rather than Devonian fishes. This suggests that morphological features commonly seen in Carboniferous fishes and rarely seen in Devonian fishes were present early in the Carboniferous.

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Relationships of Living and Fossil Hagfishes

Bardack¹

1998

The Biology of Hagfishes

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Diversity and size changes in palaeonisciform fishes (Actinopterygii, Pisces) from the Pennsylvanian Mazon Creek fauna, Illinois, U.S.A.

Cited by 34 publications

References 13 publications

Styracopterid (Actinopterygii) ontogeny and the multiple origins of post-Hangenberg deep-bodied fishes

Styracopterid (Actinopterygii) ontogeny and the multiple origins of post-Hangenberg deep-bodied fishes

The lower actinopterygian fauna from the Lower Carboniferous Albert shale formation of New Brunswick, Canada – a review of previously described taxa and a description of a new genus and species

Relationships of Living and Fossil Hagfishes

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