Diversity and prevalence of gastrointestinal helminths of free-roaming dogs on coastal beaches in Ecuador: Potential for zoonotic transmission

Calvopiña, Manuel; Cabezas-Moreno, Melanie; Cisneros-Vásquez, Emily; Paredes-Betancourt, Inés; Bastidas-Caldes, Carlos

doi:10.1016/j.vprsr.2023.100859

Cited by 7 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…(Figure 2). This prevalence levels have been reported in several previous studies in Brazil (Oliveira-Arbex et al, 2017;Ramos et al;2020;Silva et al, 2020;Lima et al, 2021;Souza et al, 2023;Ugalde et al, 2023) and other countries, such as Mexico (Torres-Chablé et al, 2015), Algeria (Ziam et al, 2022), Nepal (Sukupayo & Tamang, 2023), Morocco (Idrissi et al, 2022) and Ecuador (Calvopina et al, 2023). Since most of the dogs investigated are adults, this data aligns with the literature, as infections by hookworms are the most common in adult dogs (over one year old) (Ferreira et al, 2016;Lima et al, 2021;Souza et al, 2023), and Toxocara sp.…”

Section: Coproparasitological Examination Of Domestic Dogssupporting

confidence: 90%

Diversity of helminths with zoonotic potential and molecular characterization of Toxocara canis infecting domestic dogs from locations of Amazon and Atlantic Forest Brazilian biomes

Dias-Correia,

Neves,

Bittencourt-Oliveira

et al. 2023

Rev. Bras. Parasitol. Vet.

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The coproparasitological examination of dogs (n=278) from two Brazilian biomes (Amazon [AZ] and Atlantic Forest [AF]) by centrifugal flotation demonstrated positivity values of 54.2% (AF) and 48.5% (AZ). The most prevalent parasites in AF were hookworms (81.0% - 47/58), Toxocara sp. (17.3% - 10/58) and Trichuris vulpis (12.1% - 7/58); while in AZ they were hookworms (86.7% - 72/83), Toxocara sp. (18.1% - 15/83), Dipylidium caninum (13.3% - 11/83) and T. vulpis (10.8% - 9/83). PCR was performed using the partial mitochondrial genes cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 (pcox1) and NADH dehydrogenase 1 (pnad1) in 25 fecal samples positive for Toxocara sp. eggs and found one sample positive for pcox1 and six positives for pnad1. The sequencing of these samples was unsuccessful due to the difficulties inherent in copro-PCR+sequencing. The sequencing of 14 samples of T. canis adult helminths retrieved 11 sequences of 414 bp for pcox1 and nine sequences of 358 bp for pnad1. The phylogenetic trees of these sequences confirmed the species T. canis. Intraspecific genetic variation was only observed for pnad1. This is the second study involving molecular analysis of T. canis in dogs from Brazil and adds new information through the use of pnad1.

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Section: Coproparasitological Examination Of Domestic Dogssupporting

confidence: 90%

Diversity of helminths with zoonotic potential and molecular characterization of Toxocara canis infecting domestic dogs from locations of Amazon and Atlantic Forest Brazilian biomes

Dias-Correia,

Neves,

Bittencourt-Oliveira

et al. 2023

Rev. Bras. Parasitol. Vet.

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“…We detected a 8.23% rate of Ancylostomas spp., which is lower than the prevalence rates described by Brahmbhatt et al [ 8 ], Pratap et al [ 29 ], and Calvopiña et al [ 34 ].…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 58%

Ecoepidemiology of Ancylostoma spp. in Urban-Marginal and Rural Sectors of the Ecuadorian Coast and Prevalence of Cutaneous Larvae Migrans

Coello Peralta,

Pazmiño Gómez,

Salazar Mazamba

et al. 2024

Med Sci Monit

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Background Ancylostoma spp. , including A. duodenale, A. braziliense, A. caninum, and A. ceylanicum, are hookworms that are transmitted from infected soil and by contact with domestic animals and rodent hosts, and can cause systemic disease and cutaneous larva migrans. The objective of this study was to describe the ecoepidemiology of Ancylostoma caninum and Ancylostoma spp. in urban-marginal sectors and in rural sectors located in Ecuador. Material/Methods Through addressed sampling, a total of 498 domestic dogs and 40 synanthropic rodents were analyzed via the following coproparasitic methods: direct, flotation, sedimentation with centrifugation using saline (egg identification), modified Baermann (larval identification), and morphometric methods (confirmation). A total of 236 people were surveyed, and a clinical analysis was performed via physical examination. The environmental variables were obtained through reports from the INAMHI of Ecuador and the use of online environmental programs. Through surveys, data related to social determinants were obtained. Epidemiological indicators (prevalence, morbidity, and mortality) were obtained through microbial analysis and surveys. Results A total of 250 domestic dogs were diagnosed with Ancylostoma caninum (50, 20%), and 41 were diagnosed with Ancylostoma spp. (8.23%). One synanthropic rodent (2.5%) was positive for A. caninum . In the clinical analysis, 3 patients were identified as positive (1.27%) for cutaneous larva migrans (CLM). Likewise, environmental variables and social determinants influence the transmission, prevalence, and nature of parasitism by hookworm. Conclusions People, domestic dogs, and rodents were infected with these parasites. Consequently, there is a risk of ancylostomiasis and cutaneous larvae migrans spreading.

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“…Additionally, the circulation of dogs between wild environments and rural areas facilitates the transmission of pathogens [ 72 ]. In Ecuador, dogs can carry a wide variety of pathogenic organisms, including viruses [ 73 ], bacteria [ 74 ], and parasites [ 75 ] of zoonotic concern. It is therefore essential that dog populations are controlled through responsible dog ownership in order to balance the issues and benefits that arise from the human–dog relationship.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Genetic Tool to Identify Predators Responsible for Livestock Attacks in South America and Recommendations for Human–Wildlife Conflict Mitigation

Díaz,

Pozo,

Alarcón

et al. 2024

Animals

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Livestock predation induces global human–wildlife conflict, triggering the retaliatory killing of large carnivores. Although domestic dogs (Canis familiaris) contribute to livestock depredation, blame primarily falls on wild predators. Dogs can also transmit pathogens between wildlife, domestic animals, and humans. Therefore, the presence of free-ranging dogs can have negative consequences for biodiversity conservation, smallholder economy, food supply, and public health, four of the United Nations’ Sustainable Developed Goals (SDGs) for 2030. In Ecuador, where livestock sustains rural households, retaliatory poaching threatens Andean bear (Tremarctos ornatus), jaguar (Panthera onca), and puma (Puma concolor) populations. However, the role of dogs in these incidents remains underexplored. The present study evaluates the possibility of reliable molecular identification of predatory species from DNA traces in bite wounds. Our results revealed the presence of dog saliva on four out of six livestock carcasses presumably attacked by wild predators. These findings highlight the importance of rectifying misinformation about large carnivores in Ecuador and the need to control dog populations. We recommend that local administrations incorporate DNA analysis into livestock predation events to examine how common the problem is, and to use the analysis to develop conflict mitigation strategies which are essential for the conservation of large carnivores.

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Diversity and prevalence of gastrointestinal helminths of free-roaming dogs on coastal beaches in Ecuador: Potential for zoonotic transmission

Cited by 7 publications

References 19 publications

Diversity of helminths with zoonotic potential and molecular characterization of Toxocara canis infecting domestic dogs from locations of Amazon and Atlantic Forest Brazilian biomes

Diversity of helminths with zoonotic potential and molecular characterization of Toxocara canis infecting domestic dogs from locations of Amazon and Atlantic Forest Brazilian biomes

Ecoepidemiology of Ancylostoma spp. in Urban-Marginal and Rural Sectors of the Ecuadorian Coast and Prevalence of Cutaneous Larvae Migrans

A Genetic Tool to Identify Predators Responsible for Livestock Attacks in South America and Recommendations for Human–Wildlife Conflict Mitigation

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