Diversity and Phenotypical Effect of Allelic Variants of Rht Dwarfing Genes in Wheat

Sukhikh, Igor; Vavilova, Valeriya; Блинов, А. Г.; Гончаров, Н. П.

doi:10.1134/s1022795421020101

Cited by 10 publications

(10 citation statements)

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“…Breeding for short stems is once again among the priorities of Siberian breeders (Korobeynikov et al, 2020). Selection for genes that control the optimal plant height can now be effectively carried out by molecular markers (Sukhikh et al, 2021).…”

Section: Molecular Biological Methods In Plant Breedingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Scientific support to plant breeding and seed production in Siberia in the XXI century

Гончаров

2021

Vestn. VOGiS

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Agriculture in the Russian Federation is fundamental to the country’s economic performance, living standards, the wellbeing of people and state safety. Considerations relating to food security, prospects of and challenges before plant breeding in the Siberian Federal District (SFD), the largest agricultural area of the Russian Federation, are provided in the article. The agricultural area used in the SFD is about 50 million hectares and accounts for 13 % of the country’s gross grain production. The need for the introduction of modern molecular biological methods, bioengineering and IT technology is demonstrated and discussed. As Russia as a whole, Siberia is largely engaged in unpromising extensive farming practices, which rely on natural soil fertility, and this factor should be taken into account. Another issue is noncompliance with intensive farming technologies used for cultivating new-generation commercial cultivars. Although capital investments in plant breeding are the most cost effective investments in crop production, breeders’ efforts remain underfunded. The article explains the need for fundamental reform in this economic sector: the recognition of plant breeding as being a fundamental science; a fair increase in its funding; the development of a breeding strategy, nationally and regionally; the further expansion of the network of the Breeding Centers; the re-establishment and improvement of the universities’ departments specialized in plant breeding and seed production; having more state-funded places in the universities for training plant breeders to be able to maintain and cement the country’s advanced position in plant breeding and to develop new globally competitive next-generation cultivars of main crops. Should these issues be ignored, all the problems that have accumulated to date will lead to risks of long-term instability in this economic sector. The need for the careful preservation of continuity in plant breeders and plants being bred is stated. The regulatory functions of the state and agricultural science in plant breeding, plant industry and seed production are considered.

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Section: Molecular Biological Methods In Plant Breedingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Scientific support to plant breeding and seed production in Siberia in the XXI century

Гончаров

2021

Vestn. VOGiS

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“…The development of intensive-type short-stemmed wheat cultivars is considered one of the key success factors in bread wheat breeding, primarily in implementing the Green Revolution initiative in the world's developing countries (Hedden, 2003;Sukhikh et al, 2021). The decrease in plant height not only entailed higher resistance to lodging, with its favorable effect on the efficiency of mechanized harvesting, but also increased the number of grains per ear and their number per 1 m 2 , which aggregately led to higher yields (Gale et al, 1985;Youssefian et al, 1992;Evans, 1998).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Other genes, GA-insensitive ones, such as Rht-A1, Rht-B1, and Rht-D1, determine the response to this acid. For some genes (Rht22, Rht23 and Rht24), the nature of their response has not yet been clarified (Sukhikh et al, 2021).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A system of molecular markers to identify alleles of the Rht-B1 and Rht-D1 genes controlling reduced height in bread wheat

2022

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Mutant alleles of the Rht-B1 and Rht-D1 (Reduced height) genes are widely used in bread wheat breeding for the development of intensive-type cultivars. These genes and their f lanking regions have been sequenced and the point mutations leading to the nonsense codons (Rht-B1b, Rht-B1e, Rht-B1p and Rht-D1b alleles) and various insertions (Rht-B1c, Rht-B1h and Rht-B1i-1) associated with a change in plant height have been described. DNA-markers based on the allele-specif ic PCR have been developed to identify single-nucleotide changes. However, the use of such technique imposes stringent PCR conditions, and the resulting data are not always unambiguous. An alternative can be found in the CAPS technology: it detects differences in sequences by digesting PCR products. In the absence of restrictases capable of digesting DNA at the point mutation site, restriction sites can be introduced into the primer sequence (derived CAPS). The aim of this study was to propose a system of CAPS-, dCAPS- and STS-markers for identifying alleles of the reduced height genes frequently used in breeding programs. Three CAPS have been developed to identify the Rht-B1b, Rht-D1b, Rht-B1p alleles, as well as two dCAPS for Rht-B1b, Rht-B1e. STS-markers for the insertioncontaining alleles Rht-B1c, Rht-B1h and Rht-B1i-1 have been selected from publications. The proposed markers were tested during the genotyping of 11 bread wheat accessions from the VIR collection with the abovementioned mutant alleles and the wild-type Rht-B1a and Rht-D1a. The presence of nonsense mutations was also conf irmed by the results of allele-specif ic PCR. This marker system, along with the existing ones, can be used to identify dwarf ing alleles of the Rht-B1 and Rht-D1 genes in bread wheat for genetic screening of accessions from ex situ collections and/or for marker-assisted selection.

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“…Dwarfing genes reduce the height of the straw, increasing the yield via higher grain number per ear yield without the risk of losing it as a result of lodging [14,15]. However, in experiments with isogenic recombinant lines, the dwarfing genes, as a rule, reduce the thousand grain weight, impair the assimilation of soil nitrate nitrogen, and reduce drought resistance, and they can extend the periods of flowering and heading [16,17].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

TaGRF3-2A Improves Some Agronomically Valuable Traits in Semi-Dwarf Spring Triticale

Divashuk

Chernook

Kroupina

et al. 2021

Plants

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The breeding improvement of triticale is tightly associated with the introgression of dwarfing genes, in particular, gibberellin (GA)-insensitive Ddw1 from rye. Despite the increase in harvest index and resistance to lodging, this gene adversely affects grain weight and size. Growth regulation factor (GRF) genes are plant-specific transcription factors that play an important role in plant growth, including GA-induced stem elongation. This study presents the results of a two-year field experiment to assess the effect of alleles of the TaGRF3-2A gene in interaction with DDW1 on economically valuable traits of spring triticale plants grown in the Non-Chernozem zone. Our results show that, depending on the allelic state, the TaGRF3-2A gene in semi-dwarf spring triticale plants influences the thousand grain weight and the grain weight of the main spike in spring triticale, which makes it possible to use it to compensate for the negative effects of the dwarfing allele Ddw1. The identified allelic variants of the TaGRF3-2A gene can be included in marker-assisted breeding for triticale to improve traits.

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Diversity and Phenotypical Effect of Allelic Variants of Rht Dwarfing Genes in Wheat

Cited by 10 publications

References 80 publications

Scientific support to plant breeding and seed production in Siberia in the XXI century

Scientific support to plant breeding and seed production in Siberia in the XXI century

A system of molecular markers to identify alleles of the Rht-B1 and Rht-D1 genes controlling reduced height in bread wheat

TaGRF3-2A Improves Some Agronomically Valuable Traits in Semi-Dwarf Spring Triticale

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