Diversity and microhabitats of living benthic foraminifera in the abyssal Northeast Pacific

Holocene benthic foraminiferal and ostracod assemblages in a paleo-hydrothermal vent system of Campi Flegrei (Campania, South Italy)

“…An eurybathic species (Szarek, 2001;Enge et al, 2012) more frequent in infralittoral -upper circalittoral waters (Sgarrella and Moncharmont Zei, 1993). (Szarek, 2001;Enge et al, 2012) species, common in marginal, infralittoral and upper circalittoral zone (Murray, 2006;Sen Gupta et al, 2009b). Rare specimens are present in the samples STZC 30 and STZC 32.…”

The Contribution of Fine Sieve Fractions (63–150 μm) to Foraminiferal Abundance and Diversity in an Area of the Eastern Pacific Ocean Licensed for Polymetallic Nodule Exploration

“…Our samples also yielded small, multichambered foraminfera that are similar to those reported in previous studies of modern abyssal benthic foraminifera. They include agglutinated species (e.g., Cribrostomoides subglobosum, Cyclammina trullisata, Cystammina galatea, Cystammina pauciloculata, Deuterammina grahami, Glomospira spp., Hormosinella ovicula, Hyperammina cylindrica, Lagenammina difflugiformis, Paratrochammina scotiaensis, Reophax scorpiurus, Spiroplectammina subcylindrica, Hormosinella distans, Veleroninoides wiesneri), and calcareous species [Epistominella exigua, Nuttallides umbonatus, Cibicidoides mundulus (as C. cf mundulus), Fissurina staphyllearia and Melonis pompiliodes] previously reported from abyssal depths in the North and equatorial Pacific by authors such as Smith (1973), Burministrova et al (2007), and Enge et al (2012). Many of these are well-known morphospecies that are widely distributed in modern ocean basins (Gooday and Jorissen, 2012;Holbourn et al, 2013).…”

Novel benthic foraminifera are abundant and diverse in an area of the abyssal equatorial Pacific licensed for polymetallic nodule exploration

“…Different methods make comparisons difficult. However, it is notable that this figure is almost a quarter of the total number of species (1,796) recorded by Saidova11 from >1,630 stations spanning the entire Pacific Ocean, more than twice the 164 species recorded by Burke40 from 29 samples spanning 2,721 m of water depth on the Ontong Java Plateau, several times more than the 117 species recorded by Enge et al 2836. in >63 μm fractions from Station M, and an order of magnitude more than the 55 benthic species recorded by Smith41 in the >75-μm fraction from 27 abyssal sites in the North Pacific (Supplementary Table S1).…”

“…In addition, the delicate stercome-bearing foraminifera that are typical of these deep-sea oligotrophic environments often have complex morphologies, which likely limit their movement, if any, within the sediment to levels well below the few tens of microns per minute recorded for some shallow-water species under laboratory conditions3334. This and other indirect lines of evidence8 suggest that monothalamids have slower growth and metabolic rates compared to the multichambered taxa that are often highly active in terms of carbon processing353637. Nevertheless, gut content analyses and other evidence of feeding by deep-sea macrofauna and megafauna3839 suggest that incidental and targeted consumption of komokiaceans, xenophyophores (giant foraminifera confined to the deep-sea), and probably other stercomata-bearing monothalamids, may be widespread in the abyss.…”