Diversity and ecology of soil fungal communities: increased understanding through the application of molecular techniques

Anderson, Ian C.; Cairney, John

doi:10.1111/j.1462-2920.2004.00675.x

Cited by 447 publications

(258 citation statements)

References 95 publications

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“…But the present data along with those of Allen et al (2003), indicate that this is not always true and both have potential bias (Bridge and Spooner 2001; Anderson and Cairney 2004). Hence, a combination of both approaches should probably be adopted in all investigations of this nature so as to ensure the actual endophytic fungi in seagrasses.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 54%

Differential methods of localisation of fungal endophytes in the seagrasses

2016

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Sections of three seagrass species (Halophila ovalis, Cymodocea serrulata and Halodule pinifolia) were assessed for endophytes based on differential staining using light and fluorescence microscopy method. Acridine orange and aniline blue detected endophytic fungi in 20% and 10% of the segments, respectively, whereas lactophenol cotton blue was more sensitive to detect the fungal hyphae in 70% of the segments. Hyphae were the principal fungal structures generally observed under the cuticle, within the epidermal cells, mesophyll (Parenchyma) cells and occasionally within the vascular tissue that varied in type, size and location within the leaf tissue. Present study also recorded the sporulation for the first time from the seagrass endophytes. Successfully amplified products of the ITS region of endophytic fungal DNA, directly from seagrass tissue and also from culture-dependent fungal DNA clearly depicted the presence of endophytic fungi in H. ovalis with two banding patterns (903 and 1381 bp) confirming the presence of two dominant fungal genera. The fingerprinting of endophytic fungal community within the seagrass tissue was assessed using denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) that derived with multiple bands that clarified the presence of more than one taxon within the seagrass tissue.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 54%

Differential methods of localisation of fungal endophytes in the seagrasses

2016

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“…They are spread across Ascomycota but were not detected in Saccharomycotina, Taphrinomycotina, the most outlying lineages of Pezizomycotina (Figure 1), or outside of Ascomycota in for example its Dikarya sister group, the Basidiomycota. Some other authors have indicated that, to date, only a small fraction of all endophytes have been detected (Anderson and Cairney 2004; Porras-alfaro and Bayman 2011; Weiss et al 2011). The methods to rapidly detect them have only recently emerged.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Profundae diversitas: the uncharted genetic diversity in a newly studied group of fungal root endophytes

et al. 2015

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Endophytes associated with crops have potential as beneficial inoculants in agriculture, but little is known about their genetic diversity and phylogenetic relationships. We carried out the first ever ecological and phylogenetic survey of the culturable fungal root endophytes of a wild barley species. Fungal root endophytes were isolated from 10 populations of wall barley (Hordeum murinum), and 112 taxa of fungi were identified based on internal transcribed spacer sequence similarity. We found representatives from 8 orders, 12 families and 18 genera. Within this group, only 34 isolates (30% of the total) could be confidently assigned to a species, and 23 of the isolates (21% of the total) had no significant match to anything deposited in GenBank (based on <85% sequence similarity). These results suggest a high proportion of novel fungi, with 28% not assigned to a known fungal order. This includes three endophytes that have been shown to significantly improve agronomic traits in cultivated barley. This study has, therefore, revealed a profound diversity of fungal root endophytes in a single wild relative of barley. Extrapolating from this, the study highlights the largely unknown, hugely diverse and potentially useful resource of crop wild relative endophytes.

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“…Molecular identification through DNA barcoding of fungi has become an integral and essential part of fungal ecology research and has provided new insights into the diversity and ecology of many different groups of fungi (Anderson & Cairney, 2004; Bellemain et al., 2010). Molecular identification has made it possible to study the ecology of fungi in their dominant, but inconspicuous mycelium stage, and not only by observation of fruiting bodies or selective culturing techniques.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phylogenetic congruence between subtropical trees and their associated fungi

Liu

Liang

Etienne

et al. 2016

Ecology and Evolution

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Recent studies have detected phylogenetic signals in pathogen–host networks for both soil‐borne and leaf‐infecting fungi, suggesting that pathogenic fungi may track or coevolve with their preferred hosts. However, a phylogenetically concordant relationship between multiple hosts and multiple fungi in has rarely been investigated. Using next‐generation high‐throughput DNA sequencing techniques, we analyzed fungal taxa associated with diseased leaves, rotten seeds, and infected seedlings of subtropical trees. We compared the topologies of the phylogenetic trees of the soil and foliar fungi based on the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region with the phylogeny of host tree species based on matK, rbcL, atpB, and 5.8S genes. We identified 37 foliar and 103 soil pathogenic fungi belonging to the Ascomycota and Basidiomycota phyla and detected significantly nonrandom host–fungus combinations, which clustered on both the fungus phylogeny and the host phylogeny. The explicit evidence of congruent phylogenies between tree hosts and their potential fungal pathogens suggests either diffuse coevolution among the plant–fungal interaction networks or that the distribution of fungal species tracked spatially associated hosts with phylogenetically conserved traits and habitat preferences. Phylogenetic conservatism in plant–fungal interactions within a local community promotes host and parasite specificity, which is integral to the important role of fungi in promoting species coexistence and maintaining biodiversity of forest communities.

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Diversity and ecology of soil fungal communities: increased understanding through the application of molecular techniques

Cited by 447 publications

References 95 publications

Differential methods of localisation of fungal endophytes in the seagrasses

Differential methods of localisation of fungal endophytes in the seagrasses

Profundae diversitas: the uncharted genetic diversity in a newly studied group of fungal root endophytes

Phylogenetic congruence between subtropical trees and their associated fungi

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