Diversity and distribution of Selaginnela in the Provinve of Yogyakarta Special Region

Abstract

Abstrak. Setyawan AD, Sugiyarto, Susilowati A, Widodo. 2015. Keanekaragaman jenis dan sebaran Selaginella di Provinsi Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta. Pros Sem Nas Masy Biodiv Indon 1: 987-992. Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta memiliki topografi yang cukup beragam dengan ketinggian mulai dari tepian pantai hingga puncak Gunung Merapi (2930 m dpl). Sebagian besar wilayah Yogyakarta didominasi oleh kawasan perbukitan atau pegunungan yang relatif kering, yaitu: Pegunungan Kars Sewu, Pegunungan Menoreh dan Gunung Merapi. Daerah bertopografi datar ditemukan di antara ketiga pegunungan tersebut. Selaginella merupakan jenis tumbuhan herba yang memerlukan banyak air untuk pertumbuhan dan perkembangbiakan. Sehingga, keberadaan Selaginella di kawasan yang relatif kering ini menarik untuk diteliti. Dalam penelitian ini ditemukan sembilan spesies Selaginella. S. ornata ditemukan pada dataran menengah hingga tinggi. S. opaca dan S. remotifolia hanya ditemukan di dataran tinggi pada lereng Gunung Merapi, demikian pula S. singalanensis. S. plana ditemukan di dataran rendah hingga ketinggian 1200 m dpl, di Gunung Merapi, batas tertinggi pertumbuhan jenis ini di Pulau Jawa. S. aristata dan S. ciliaris tumbuh di dataran rendah hingga menengah, seperti Pegunungan Menoreh, namun umumnya hanya dijumpai di musim hujan. S. repanda banyak dijumpai di kawasan karst Pegunungan Sewu, terutama pada celah-celah bebatuan yang lembab. Sementara itu, S. involvens dapat ditemukan baik di lereng Gunung Merapi maupun di dekat kawasan karst Pegunungan Sewu.Abstract. Setyawan AD, Sugiyarto, Susilowati A, Widodo. 2015. Diversity and distribution of Selaginella in the Province of Yogyakarta Special Region. Pros Sem Nas Masy Biodiv Indon 1: 987-992. Special Region of Yogyakarta has fairly diverse topography with altitude starting from the seashore to the peak of Mount Merapi (2930 m asl.). Most of the area of Yogyakarta is dominated by hills or mountainous regions that is relatively dry, such as Sewu Karst, Menoreh and Merapi mountains. The flat topographic area being observed is between the three mountains. Selaginella is a herbaceous plant species that requires a lot of water for growth and fertilization. Therefore, the existence of Selaginella in a relatively dry region is an interesting matter of study. In this study, nine species of Selaginella were found in Yogyakarta. S. ornata was found at medium to high plain land. S. opaca and S. remotifolia were found only in highlands on the slopes of Mount Merapi as well as S. singalanensis. S. plana was found from the lowland up to an altitude of 1200 m of Mount Merapi, the highest growing limit of this species in the island of Java. S. aristata and S. ciliaris grew ranging from the lowland to medium altitudes, such as Menoreh mountain. However, it was generally grown only in the rainy season. S. repanda was often found in the karst region of Sewu Mountain, especially in the crevices of the rocks which were moist. Meanwhile, S. involvens was found on the slopes of Mount Merapi as well as near the karst region of Sew...

Predicting potential impacts of climate change on the geographical distribution of mountainous selaginellas in Java, Indonesia

“…Moreover, AUC, just like Kappa, is reliable only if we use PA (Presence-Absence) model due to the fact that both AUC and Kappa are weighting omission and commission errors equally. Thus, in case of this study where presence-only data was used, AUC and Kappa are not necessarily reliable.According to Setyawan et al 2015, Selaginella is a herbaceous plant that will likely grow in the moist or rather wet region. Thus, since Java Island is a tropical island, elevation, which has a strong relationship with the level of humidity, plays another important role in the growth and the distribution of mountainous Selaginella.…”

“…is a single genus of ferns belong to Selaginellaceae family that lives in moist areas and is often found in highlands (Wijayanto 2014). Some species of Selaginella have a wide distribution and tend to be invasive, but the others are endemics, or even endangered according to IUCN criteria (Setyawan et al 2015). Studies on the diversity of this genus recorded a global distribution across several continents.…”

Predicting impacts of future climate change on the distribution of the widespread selaginellas (Selaginella ciliaris and S. plana) in Southeast Asia

“…Likewise, the predicted distribution of Selaginella plana's suitable habitat has almost the same pattern as the predicted suitable habitat for S. ciliaris. Several documents and studies had also reported the occurrence of S. plana in Vietnam (Spring 1843;Chang et al 2012), Cambodia (Spring 1843;Chang et al 2012), Myanmar (Chang et al 2012;Parveen et al 2017), Peninsular Malaysia and Singapore (Turner et al 1998;Chua et al 2005;Bedawi et al 2009), Philippines (Alston 1935;Zamora et al 1999;Tan 2013;De Guzman et al 2014), Sumatra (Sauerborn 2003;Beukema and Noordwijk 2004), Borneo (Said 2005;Ahmad and Holdsworth 2008;Komara et al 2016), Sulawesi (Mansur 2003; Hidayat 2011), Java (Rahayu et al 2012;Setyawan et al 2013;Setyawan et al 2015a;b;Setyawan et al 2016;Trimanto and Hapsari 2016), and Papua (Sambas et al 2003;Ebihara et al 2012;Johns et al 2012).…”

Impact of climate change on potential distribution of xero-epiphytic selaginellas (Selaginella involvens and S. repanda) in Southeast Asia

“…The first source of locality points for both species was from field survey conducted in all Indonesian provinces in Java island between July 2007 and January 2014. The specimens were identified using several references on Selaginella of the Malay Archipelago and adjacent regions, both early (Alston 1934(Alston , 1935a(Alston ,b, 1937(Alston , 1940 and latest literature (Wong 1982(Wong , 2010Tsai and Shieh 1994;Li and Tan 2005;Chang et al 2012;Zhang et al 2013), as well as our previously publications (e.g., Setyawan 2012;Setyawan et al 2012Setyawan et al , 2013Setyawan et al , 2015aSetyawan and Sugiyarto 2015).…”

“…Sindoro-Sumbing (Setyawan 2012), Mt. Merapi (Setyawan et al 2012(Setyawan et al , 2015a and Mt. Lawu (Setyawan et al 2013), and Dieng Plateau (Setyawan et al 2015c), but it is sometimes found in lower altitude (~ 500 m asl.…”