Diversité génétique, variation géographique et flux géniques chez quelques lépidoptères rhopalocères français

Descimon, Henri; Zimmermann, Marie; Cosson, Emmanuel; Barascud, Bernard; Nève, Gabriel

doi:10.1186/bf03500882

Cited by 10 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…aurinia are higher than those given previously for this species in nationwide surveys [ 64 , 65 ]. However our low value for the Provence area ( F ST = 0.0246) is much lower than that given in a previous study of this area with more samples ( F ST = 0.113 [ 65 ]). The parameters of genetic diversity (mtDNA and allozymes) of the E .…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 58%

Three in One—Multiple Faunal Elements within an Endangered European Butterfly Species

et al. 2015

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Ice ages within Europe forced many species to retreat to refugia, of which three major biogeographic basic types can be distinguished: "Mediterranean", "Continental" and "Alpine / Arctic" species. However, this classification often fails to explain the complex phylogeography of European species with a wide range of latitudinal and altitudinal distribution. Hence, we tested for the possibility that all three mentioned faunal elements are represented within one species. Our data was obtained by scoring 1,307 Euphydryas aurinia individuals (46 European locations) for 17 allozyme loci, and sequencing a subset of 492 individuals (21 sites) for a 626 base pairs COI fragment. Genetic diversity indices, F statistics, hierarchical analyses of molecular variance, individual-based clustering, and networks were used to explore the phylogeographic patterns. The COI fragment represented 18 haplotypes showing a strong geographic structure. All but one allozyme loci analysed were polymorphic with a mean F ST of 0.20, supporting a pronounced among population structure. Interpretation of both genetic marker systems, using several analytical tools, calls for the recognition of twelve genetic groups. These analyses consistently distinguished different groups in Iberia (2), Italy, Provence, Alps (3), Slovenia, Carpathian Basin, the lowlands of West and Central Europe as well as Estonia, often with considerable additional substructures. The genetic data strongly support the hypothesis that E. aurinia survived the last glaciation in Mediterranean, extra-Mediterranean and perialpine refugia. It is thus a rare example of a model organism that combines attributes of faunal elements from all three of these sources. The observed differences between allozymes and mtDNA most likely result from recent introgression of mtDNA into nuclear allozyme groups. Our results indicate discrepancies with the morphologically-based subspecies models, underlining the need to revise the current taxonomy.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 58%

Three in One—Multiple Faunal Elements within an Endangered European Butterfly Species

et al. 2015

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“…The genetic polymorphism of P. eunomia populations varied between the studied regions (Table 1 ; [see Additional file 1 ]). The Morvan is the region where P. eunomia shows the lowest number of polymorphic loci (three); this is due to the fact that the populations there originated from introduction performed in 1970 and 1974 from individuals coming from the Ardennes where only four polymorphic loci could be found [ 18 - 20 ]. Populations in the Asturias and the Pyrenees were the most variable ones with eight polymorphic loci.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…geographic distance provided a ranking of the effect of isolation by distance, which was lacking in the Morvan, weak in the Ardennes and increasingly higher in the Pyrenees and the Asturias respectively; this may be related to the higher altitude range in these areas, as well as to population connectivity. The Morvan is the area with the highest recorded connectivity; it has indeed been colonised within 15 years from just two points of origin [ 20 , 24 ], and the populations there may not have reached an equilibrium yet ( sensu Slatkin [ 13 ]), even if the genotypes of the individuals already show differentiation occurring within the region [ 19 ]. The slope of the pairwise log F ST vs log geographical distance gives an index of the Isolation by Distance effect.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gene flow rise with habitat fragmentation in the bog fritillary butterfly (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae)

Nève

Barascud

Descimon³

et al. 2008

BMC Evol Biol

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BackgroundThe main components of the spatial genetic structure of the populations are neighbourhood size and isolation by distance. These may be inferred from the allele frequencies across a series of populations within a region. Here, the spatial population structure of Proclossiana eunomia was investigated in two mountainous areas of southern Europe (Asturias, Spain and Pyrenees, France) and in two areas of intermediate elevation (Morvan, France and Ardennes, Belgium).ResultsA total of eight polymorphic loci were scored by allozyme electrophoresis, revealing a higher polymorphism in the populations of southern Europe than in those of central Europe.Isolation by distance effect was much stronger in the two mountain ranges (Pyrenees and Asturias) than in the two areas of lower elevation (Ardennes and Morvan). By contrast, the neighbourhood size estimates were smaller in the Ardennes and in the Morvan than in the two high mountain areas, indicating more common movements between neighbouring patches in the mountains than in plains.ConclusionShort and long dispersal events are two phenomena with distinct consequences in the population genetics of natural populations. The differences in level of population differentiation within each the four regions may be explained by change in dispersal in lowland recently fragmented landscapes: on average, butterflies disperse to a shorter distance but the few ones which disperse long distance do so more efficiently. Habitat fragmentation has evolutionary consequences exceeding by far the selection of dispersal related traits: the balance between local specialisation and gene flow would be perturbed, which would modify the extent to which populations are adapted to heterogeneous environments.

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“…Previously Descimon et al . () reported strong IBD in E. aurinia using allozyme markers. We find that monophagous populations of E. aurinia showed both significant isolation by distance and a strong genomic signature of host affiliation after controlling for IBD.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Previously Descimon et al (2001) reported strong IBD in E. aurinia using allozyme markers. We find that monophagous populations of E. aurinia showed both significant isolation by distance and a strong genomic Table 3 Numbers of AFLP loci identified as outliers in genome scans for the 6-population Euphydryas editha data set.…”

Section: Contrasting Patterns Of Had In E Aurinia and E Edithamentioning

confidence: 99%

Host‐associated genomic differentiation in congeneric butterflies: now you see it, now you do not

et al. 2013

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Ecotypic variation among populations may become associated with widespread genomic differentiation, but theory predicts that this should happen only under particular conditions of gene flow, selection and population size. In closely related species, we might expect the strength of host-associated genomic differentiation (HAD) to be correlated with the degree of phenotypic differentiation in host-adaptive traits. Using microsatellite and Amplified Fragment Length Polymorphism (AFLP) markers, and controlling for isolation by distance between populations, we sought HAD in two congeneric species of butterflies with different degrees of host plant specialization. Prior work on Euphydryas editha had shown strong interpopulation differentiation in host-adapted traits, resulting in incipient reproductive isolation among host-associated ecotypes. We show here that Euphydryas aurinia had much weaker host-associated phenotypic differentiation. Contrary to our expectations, we detected HAD in Euphydryas aurinia, but not in E. editha. Even within an E. aurinia population that fed on both hosts, we found weak but significant sympatric HAD that persisted in samples taken 9 years apart. The finding of significantly stronger HAD in the system with less phenotypic differentiation may seem paradoxical. Our findings can be explained by multiple factors, ranging from differences in dispersal or effective population size, to spatial variation in genomic or phenotypic traits and to structure induced by past histories of host-adapted populations. Other infrequently measured factors, such as differences in recombination rates, may also play a role. Our result adds to recent work as a further caution against assumptions of simple relationships between genomic and adaptive phenotypic differentiation.

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Diversité génétique, variation géographique et flux géniques chez quelques lépidoptères rhopalocères français

Cited by 10 publications

References 35 publications

Three in One—Multiple Faunal Elements within an Endangered European Butterfly Species

Three in One—Multiple Faunal Elements within an Endangered European Butterfly Species

Gene flow rise with habitat fragmentation in the bog fritillary butterfly (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae)

Host‐associated genomic differentiation in congeneric butterflies: now you see it, now you do not

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