Diversifying Local Government Funding in Implementing Green Open Space for Green City Development: A Systematic Literature Review

Abstract

Funding in the green open space (GOS) sector is one of the critical elements in the successful implementation of green city development (GCD). Therefore, appropriate strategies of funding are needed to ensure the consistent existence of green and balanced urbanisation. This review aimed to provide a systematic overview of how strategies of local government have been applied to increase their income and create a successful green city in the context of GOS studies. Hence, this study reviewed a considerable number of past studies on local government's financial resources in funding GOS implementation. The study used the systematic literature review which utilised two journal databases, namely SCOPUS and Web of Science, and was guided by the PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items and Meta-Analyses) in reviewing process. The main findings show that the 16 eligible papers reviewed mainly discussed the local government's financial resources in funding GOS implementation. Researchers found 12 strategies that have been taken by local governments in diversifying the financial resources in funding GOS management and maintenance continuously. Findings revealed that the only strategies that show high potentials to be practiced are crowdfunding and payment for urban ecosystem services (PUES). Regardless, there is sufficient recommendations were presented as a shred of evidence to warrant further research on this topic.