Diversifying autism neuroimaging research: An arterial spin labeling review

Knudsen, Laust V; Sheldrick, Abigail J.; Vafaee, Manouchehr Seyedi; Michel, Tanja Maria

doi:10.1177/13623613221137230

Cited by 3 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 106 publications

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“…While timing and extent of structural and perfusion changes in the hippocampus may differ between subjects with psychosis and individuals with schizotypal traits, our study suggests that this link is also relevant in autism albeit with a different pattern. For example, reports of increased hippocampus perfusion in autism are less consistent [ 48 , 99 , 100 ]. Yet, changes in excitation and inhibition are capable of shifting the balance between factors that define the metabolic cost of a brain region as well as the formation of axonal connections, and ultimately volume [ 48 , 99 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modelling the overlap and divergence of autistic and schizotypal traits on hippocampal subfield volumes and regional cerebral blood flow

Nenadić,

Meller,

Evermann

et al. 2023

Mol Psychiatry

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Psychiatric disorders show high co-morbidity, including co-morbid expressions of subclinical psychopathology across multiple disease spectra. Given the limitations of classical case-control designs in elucidating this overlap, new approaches are needed to identify biological underpinnings of spectra and their interaction. We assessed autistic-like traits (using the Autism Quotient, AQ) and schizotypy - as models of subclinical expressions of disease phenotypes and examined their association with volumes and regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF) of anterior, mid- and posterior hippocampus segments from structural MRI scans in 318 and arterial spin labelling (ASL) in 346 nonclinical subjects, which overlapped with the structural imaging sample (N = 298). We demonstrate significant interactive effects of positive schizotypy and AQ social skills as well as of positive schizotypy and AQ imagination on hippocampal subfield volume variation. Moreover, we show that AQ attention switching modulated hippocampal head rCBF, while positive schizotypy by AQ attention to detail interactions modulated hippocampal tail rCBF. In addition, we show significant correlation of hippocampal volume and rCBF in both region-of-interest and voxel-wise analyses, which were robust after removal of variance related to schizotypy and autistic traits. These findings provide empirical evidence for both the modulation of hippocampal subfield structure and function through subclinical traits, and in particular how only the interaction of phenotype facets leads to significant reductions or variations in these parameters. This makes a case for considering the synergistic impact of different (subclinical) disease spectra on transdiagnostic biological parameters in psychiatry.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modelling the overlap and divergence of autistic and schizotypal traits on hippocampal subfield volumes and regional cerebral blood flow

Nenadić,

Meller,

Evermann

et al. 2023

Mol Psychiatry

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…32 Further, intranasal treatment with oxytocin increased blood flow across social processing brain regions 33 and monitoring vascular metrics has been proposed as a biomarker for social interactions. 34 To address the paucity of knowledge linking physiological CBF, underlying angioarchitecture, and social behavior deficits after moderate TBI, we undertook a longitudinal study in adult male mice. Specifically, we tested the hypothesis that long-term cerebrovascular deficits facilitate social dysfunction.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Delayed cerebrovascular dysfunction and social deficits after traumatic brain injury

Singh,

Gong,

et al. 2024

Preprint

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Traumatic brain injury (TBI) survivors face debilitating long-term psychosocial consequences, including social isolation and depression. Acute TBI modifies neurovascular physiology and behavior but a gap in our understanding are the chronic physiological implications of altered brain perfusion on behavioral activities, particularly social interactions.We investigated longitudinal functional vascular networks across the brain for 2-months post- TBI and its impact on social behavior. Adult C57/BL6 male mice received a moderate cortical TBI. Behavior (foot-fault, open-field, 3-chamber social preference) was assessed at baseline, 3-, 7-, 14-, 30-, and 60-days post injury (dpi) followed by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI, 9.4T). Anatomical MRI (T2-weighted), dynamic susceptibility contrast (DSC) perfusion weighted MRI (PWI) were acquired at each temporal epoch. After the final 60dpi MRI, animals underwent transcardial perfusion fixation to map angioarchitecture. MRI data were analyzed using standardized protocols followed by cross-correlations between social behavior, cerebral perfusion, and vascular metrics.Social behavior deficits at 60dpi emerged as reduced interaction with a familiar cage-mate (partner). We observed multiphasic decrements in cerebral blood flow (CBF) encompassing lesion and perilesional cortex where acute reductions at 3-14dpi partially recovered by 30dpi, followed by significant reductions in perfusion at 60dpi. The CBF perturbations extended antero-posteriorly from the ipsilateral TBI impact site but also adulterated contralateral brain regions. CBF reductions impacted regions known to regulate social behavior including hippocampus, hypothalamus, and rhinal cortex. Alongside perfusion deficits at 60dpi, social isolation in TBI-mice emerged with a significant decline in preference to spend time with a cage mate. Cortical vascular density was also reduced corroborating the decline in brain perfusion and social interaction.Thus, the novel temporal neurovascular loss, and subsequent recovery followed by chronic decrements are broadly reflected by social interaction perturbations. Our correlations strongly implicate a linkage between vascular density, cerebral perfusion, and social interactions, where early evaluation can potentially predict long-term outcomes. Thus, our study provides a clinically relevant timeline of alterations in functional vascular recovery that can guide research for future therapeutics.

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Social deficits mirror delayed cerebrovascular dysfunction after traumatic brain injury

Singh,

Gong,

et al. 2024

acta neuropathol commun

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Traumatic brain injury (TBI) survivors face debilitating long-term psychosocial consequences, including social isolation and depression. TBI modifies neurovascular physiology and behavior but the chronic physiological implications of altered brain perfusion on social interactions are unknown. Adult C57/BL6 male mice received a moderate cortical TBI, and social behaviors were assessed at baseline, 3-, 7-, 14-, 30-, and 60-days post injury (dpi). Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI, 9.4T) using dynamic susceptibility contrast perfusion weighted MRI were acquired. At 60dpi mice underwent histological angioarchitectural mapping. Analysis utilized standardized protocols followed by cross-correlation metrics. Social behavior deficits at 60dpi emerged as reduced interactions with a familiar cage-mate (partner) that mirrored significant reductions in cerebral blood flow (CBF) at 60dpi. CBF perturbations were dynamic temporally and across brain regions including regions known to regulate social behavior such as hippocampus, hypothalamus, and rhinal cortex. Social isolation in TBI-mice emerged with a significant decline in preference to spend time with a cage mate. Cortical vascular density was also reduced corroborating the decline in brain perfusion and social interactions. Thus, the late emergence of social interaction deficits mirrored the reduced vascular density and CBF in regions known to be involved in social behaviors. Vascular morphology and function improved prior to the late decrements in social function and our correlations strongly implicate a linkage between vascular density, cerebral perfusion, and social interactions. Our study provides a clinically relevant timeline of alterations in social deficits alongside functional vascular recovery that can guide future therapeutics.

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Diversifying autism neuroimaging research: An arterial spin labeling review

Cited by 3 publications

References 106 publications

Modelling the overlap and divergence of autistic and schizotypal traits on hippocampal subfield volumes and regional cerebral blood flow

Modelling the overlap and divergence of autistic and schizotypal traits on hippocampal subfield volumes and regional cerebral blood flow

Delayed cerebrovascular dysfunction and social deficits after traumatic brain injury

Social deficits mirror delayed cerebrovascular dysfunction after traumatic brain injury

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