Diversified development of mountain mires, Bohemian Forest, Central Europe, in the last 13,000 years

Svobodova, Hélèna; Soukupová, Lenka; Reille, Maurice

doi:10.1016/s1040-6182(01)00106-9

Cited by 46 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…These regions, separated from Slovenia by Austria and the Danube valley, were colonized by forest trees very early in the postglacial period. The modern vegetation of the Šumava Mountains and of the Bohemian Forest, which includes both relic boreal populations and species that presumably emigrated from the Alps, supports the hypothesis that these areas were the starting points for the vegetation development of central Europe during the postglacial period (Svobodová et al ., 2001, 2002).…”

Section: The Palaeobotanical Datamentioning

confidence: 53%

A new scenario for the Quaternary history of European beech populations: palaeobotanical evidence and genetic consequences

et al. 2006

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Summary• Here, palaeobotanical and genetic data for common beech ( Fagus sylvatica ) in Europe are used to evaluate the genetic consequences of long-term survival in refuge areas and postglacial spread.• Four large datasets are presented, including over 400 fossil-pollen sites, 80 plant-macrofossil sites, and 450 and 600 modern beech populations for chloroplast and nuclear markers, respectively.• The largely complementary palaeobotanical and genetic data indicate that: (i) beech survived the last glacial period in multiple refuge areas; (ii) the central European refugia were separated from the Mediterranean refugia; (iii) the Mediterranean refuges did not contribute to the colonization of central and northern Europe; (iv) some populations expanded considerably during the postglacial period, while others experienced only a limited expansion; (v) the mountain chains were not geographical barriers for beech but rather facilitated its diffusion; and (vi) the modern genetic diversity was shaped over multiple glacialinterglacial cycles.• This scenario differs from many recent treatments of tree phylogeography in Europe that largely focus on the last ice age and the postglacial period to interpret genetic structure and argue that the southern peninsulas (Iberian, Italian and Balkan) were the main source areas for trees in central and northern Europe.

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Section: The Palaeobotanical Datamentioning

confidence: 53%

A new scenario for the Quaternary history of European beech populations: palaeobotanical evidence and genetic consequences

et al. 2006

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“…Synchronization of regional environmental changes in the Bohemian Forest is based on studies by Svobodová et al . () and Mentlík et al . ().…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 89%

“…These findings support the findings of other authors (Svobodová et al . ; Jankovská ), indicating the Boreal presence of spruce in the Bohemian Forest. This change in vegetation very closely coincides with changes in the geochemical logs between 10.1–9.3 cal.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…), tree pollen expansion (Svobodová et al . ; Jankovská ), and disappearance of psychrophile plant species (Mentlík et al . ) have been recorded.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Late Pleistocene and Holocene vegetation development is recorded in the sediments taken from glacial lakes (Veselý ; Raab ; Jankovská ) and numerous peat bogs across the Bohemian Forest (Svobodová et al . ; Mentlík et al . ; Pidek et al .…”

Section: Regional Setting and Study Areamentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Lateglacial and Holocene in Central Europe: a multi‐proxy environmental record from the Bohemian Forest, Czech Republic

Vocadlova

Petr

et al. 2015

Boreas

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The Hercynian mountain ranges were islands of mountain glaciation and alpine tundra in a Central European ice‐free corridor during the Late Pleistocene. Today they are notable areas of glacial landforms, alpine‐forest free areas, peatlands and woodlands. However, our knowledge of the Lateglacial and early Holocene environmental changes in this region is limited. We present a new multi‐proxy reconstruction of a mid‐altitude environment in the Bohemian Forest spanning this period. A core (5.2 m length) in the Černé Lake cirque (1028 m a.s.l.) was subjected to lithological, geochemical, pollen and macrofossil analysis supplemented by two optically stimulated luminescence (OSL) and 10 AMS radiocarbon dates. We determined the impact of regional and supraregional climate changes on the environment. The two most significant changes in sedimentation during the Lateglacial (17.6 and 15.8–15.5 cal. ka BP) were synchronous with regional glacial chronostratigraphy. Unlike Central European mountain ranges, in the Bohemian Forest the Younger Dryas was not coincident with glacier re‐advance, but was a dry, cold episode with low lake levels, which prevailed until the early Preboreal. Plant macrofossils indicate local establishment of Betula nana and Betula pendula/pubescens at 15.4–13.4 cal. ka BP. Comparison with Holocene records from Central Europe shows a similar immigration history of vegetation at mid and higher altitudes. The tree line exceeded an altitude of ~1000 m a.s.l. around 10.5 cal. ka BP and coincided with rapid geochemical changes in the sediment. The 8.2 ka BP event did not have any response in the sedimentary record, but corresponded to stabilization of the Picea abies population and expansion of Fagus. Fagus colonized the Bohemian Forest earlier than other Hercynian mid‐mountains, but never predominated in the composition of the forest at higher elevations. Abies alba was the last tree species that immigrated to the study area.

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Biotic controls on Holocene fire frequency in a temperate mountain forest, Czech Republic

Bobek

Šamonil

Jamrichová

2018

J Quaternary Science

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Mountain spruce-beech-fir mixed forests are an important type of vegetation at higher elevations in temperate Europe. We aimed to determine how fire disturbances have affected long-term vegetation dynamics and to assess their contribution to soil formation. We detected fire episodes using a soil charcoal record extensively dated based on 14 C and combined with pollen and macrocharcoal records from a local peat bog. Altitudinal shifts of the timberline during the Younger Dryas-Holocene transition seem to be responsible for an abrupt occurrence of fire at 11 200 cal a BP. The minimum fire frequency estimation based on dated soil charcoal particles showed variation during the early to mid-Holocene in response to climatic changes. A marked decrease of fire frequency since 6200 cal a BP is attributed to the transformation of vegetation from Picea abies-dominated forests into mixed Fagus sylvatica-Abies alba stands. Once Fagus sylvatica established a dense canopy a profound alteration of the disturbance regime occurred, leading to the exclusion of fire, and has indirectly accelerated the process of podzolization. Thus, the synergistic effects of biotic change are capable of amplifying a climatic impulse, illustrating the important influence of bottom-up controls on fire regimes and soil development.

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Diversified development of mountain mires, Bohemian Forest, Central Europe, in the last 13,000 years

Cited by 46 publications

References 9 publications

A new scenario for the Quaternary history of European beech populations: palaeobotanical evidence and genetic consequences

A new scenario for the Quaternary history of European beech populations: palaeobotanical evidence and genetic consequences

The Lateglacial and Holocene in Central Europe: a multi‐proxy environmental record from the Bohemian Forest, Czech Republic

Biotic controls on Holocene fire frequency in a temperate mountain forest, Czech Republic

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