Diversification of <i>CYCLOIDEA</i>‐like TCP Genes in the Basal Eudicot Families Fumariaceae and Papaveraceae s.str.

Kölsch, Anne; Gleissberg, Stefan

doi:10.1055/s-2006-924286

Cited by 31 publications

(35 citation statements)

References 11 publications

(19 reference statements)

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“…Genome duplication has recently been detected in Eschscholzia californica, independent from other duplications in monocot and core eudicot lineages (Cui et al, 2006). Consistently, two CYC-like genes were recently found in E. californica (Kö lsch and Gleissberg, 2006); indeed, we found that these two paralogs belong to the PAPACYL1 and PAPACYL2 lineages. This duplication may concern the common ancestor of all the Papaveraceae and account for the two PAPACYL lineages.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

“…Phylogenetic analyses based on the TCP and R domains using the Arabidopsis genes as outgroup supported the hypothesis that these genes formed two paralogous lineages that we called PAPACYL1 and PAPACYL2. Using a different gene characterization strategy, Kö lsch and Gleissberg (2006) recently obtained two Papaveraceae sequences closely related to the Arabidopsis genes AtTCP2 and AtTCP24. The specific structure of the TCP domain 3# end in these genes may explain that we did not recover such paralogs.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Diversity and Evolution of CYCLOIDEA-Like TCP Genes in Relation to Flower Development in Papaveraceae

et al. 2006

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Monosymmetry evolved several times independently during flower evolution. In snapdragon (Antirrhinum majus), a key gene for monosymmetry is CYCLOIDEA (CYC), which belongs to the class II TCP gene family encoding transcriptional activators. We address the questions of the evolutionary history of this gene family and of possible recruitment of genes homologous to CYC in floral development and symmetry in the Papaveraceae. Two to three members of the class II TCP family were found in each species analyzed, two of which were CYC-like genes, on the basis of the presence of both the TCP and R conserved domains. The duplication that gave rise to these two paralogous lineages (named PAPACYL1 and PAPACYL2) probably predates the divergence of the two main clades within the Papaveraceae. Phylogenetic relationships among angiosperm class II TCP genes indicated that (1) PAPACYL genes were closest to Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) AtTCP18, and a duplication at the base of the core eudicot would have given rise to two supplementary CYC-like lineages; and (2) at least three class II TCP genes were present in the ancestor of monocots and eudicots. Semiquantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction and in situ hybridization approaches in three species with different floral symmetry indicated that both PAPACYL paralogs were expressed during floral development. A pattern common to all three species was observed at organ junctions in inflorescences and flowers. Expression in the outer petals was specifically observed in the two species with nonactinomorphic flowers. Hypotheses concerning the ancestral pattern of expression and function of CYC-like genes and their possible role in floral development of Papaveraceae species leading to bisymmetric buds are discussed.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diversity and Evolution of CYCLOIDEA-Like TCP Genes in Relation to Flower Development in Papaveraceae

et al. 2006

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“…Flower symmetry is generally assessed via the face-on view of a flower at the time of anthesis, and is usually expressed most strongly in the petal and stamen whorls of the flower. Radially symmetrical flowers (figure 1a) display several planes of symmetry that bisect the flower into mirror images, and bilaterally symmetrical flowers ( figure 1d) [38][39][40][41]. Bilateral flower symmetry itself can range from elaborate to subtle patterns of low complexity (reviewed in [6]).…”

Section: Diversity In Floral Symmetrymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The plane of bilateral symmetry in Fumariodeae flowers is transverse (figure 4), although partial resupination ultimately brings the transverse plane into dorsoventral orientation. In Capnoides, expression of two CYC-lineage paralogues [40,41] is asymmetric, with slightly stronger expression at the base of the outer petal that forms a nectary [76].…”

Section: (B) Rosidsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Trends in flower symmetry evolution revealed through phylogenetic and developmental genetic advances

Hileman

2014

Phil. Trans. R. Soc. B

112

108

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A striking aspect of flowering plant (angiosperm) diversity is variation in flower symmetry. From an ancestral form of radial symmetry (polysymmetry, actinomorphy), multiple evolutionary transitions have contributed to instances of non-radial forms, including bilateral symmetry (monosymmetry, zygomorphy) and asymmetry. Advances in flowering plant molecular phylogenetic research and studies of character evolution as well as detailed flower developmental genetic studies in a few model species (e.g. Antirrhinum majus , snapdragon) have provided a foundation for deep insights into flower symmetry evolution. From phylogenetic studies, we have a better understanding of where during flowering plant diversification transitions from radial to bilateral flower symmetry (and back to radial symmetry) have occurred. From developmental studies, we know that a genetic programme largely dependent on the functional action of the CYCLOIDEA gene is necessary for differentiation along the snapdragon dorsoventral flower axis. Bringing these two lines of inquiry together has provided surprising insights into both the parallel recruitment of a CYC -dependent developmental programme during independent transitions to bilateral flower symmetry, and the modifications to this programme in transitions back to radial flower symmetry, during flowering plant evolution.

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“…A recent study in legumes, distantly related to A. majus, shows that a CYC homologue LjCYC2 also establishes adaxial identity in the legume flowers (Feng et al 2006). In the basal eudicot family Papaveraceae sensu lato, the duplication and diversification of CYC-like TCP genes are accompanied by their divergence in expression patterns, in which one type of them may play a role in flower symmetry (Kölsch and Gleissberg 2006;Damerval et al 2007). These facts indicate that the basic function of CYC and its homologues seems to be conserved in eudicots, i.e., controlling the development of floral asymmetry.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Expression differentiation of CYC-like floral symmetry genes correlated with their protein sequence divergence in Chirita heterotricha (Gesneriaceae)

et al. 2008

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CYCLOIDIEA (CYC) and its homologues have been studied intensively in the model organism Antirrhinum majus and related species regarding their function in controlling floral dorsoventral (adaxial-abaxial) asymmetry, including aborting the adaxial and lateral stamens. This raises the question whether the same mechanism underlies the great morphological diversity of zygomorphy in angiosperms, especially in Lamiales sensu lato, a major clade predominantly with zygomorphic flowers. To address this, we selected a representative in Gesneriaceae, the sister to the remainder of Lamiales s.l., to isolate CYC homologues and further investigate their expression patterns using locus-specific semiquantitative reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction. Our results showed that four CYC homologues in Chirita heterotricha differentiated spatially and temporally in expression, in which ChCYC1D was only expressed in the adaxial regions, and transcripts of ChCYC1C were distributed in both the adaxial and lateral regions, while ChCYC2A and ChCYC2B transcripts were only detected in the young inflorescences. ChCYC1C expression in the lateral regions correlated with abortion of the lateral stamens in C. heterotricha hinted at its gain of function, i.e., expanding from the adaxial to the lateral regions in expression. Correlatively, the protein sequences of ChCYC genes exhibited remarkable divergences, in which some lineage-specific amino acids between GCYC1 and GCYC2 in conserved functional domains and two sublineage-specific motifs between GCYC1C and GCYC1D in GCYC1 genes had further been identified. Our results indicated that ChCYC genes had probably undergone an expressional differentiation and specialization in establishing the floral dorsoventral asymmetry in C. heterotricha responding to different selective pressure after gene duplication.

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Diversification of CYCLOIDEA‐like TCP Genes in the Basal Eudicot Families Fumariaceae and Papaveraceae s.str.

Cited by 31 publications

References 11 publications

Diversity and Evolution of CYCLOIDEA-Like TCP Genes in Relation to Flower Development in Papaveraceae

Diversity and Evolution of CYCLOIDEA-Like TCP Genes in Relation to Flower Development in Papaveraceae

Trends in flower symmetry evolution revealed through phylogenetic and developmental genetic advances

Expression differentiation of CYC-like floral symmetry genes correlated with their protein sequence divergence in Chirita heterotricha (Gesneriaceae)

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