Diversidad de insectos acuáticos en quebradas impactadas por agricultura y minería, Caldas, Colombia

Abstract

Diversidad de insectos acuáticos en quebradas impactadaspor agricultura y minería, Caldas, Colombia Abstract: Insect diversity in streams impacted by agriculture and mining, Caldas, Colombia. Freshwater ecosystems are under severe anthropic pressure (e.g. agriculture and mining), which generates adverse effects on the diversity of aquatic insects. We evaluated the insect community in streams impacted by agriculture and mining, and determined how these activities affected the community. We studied six streams in Caldas (Colombia), two with mining and two with agriculture impact. We collected the insects using a Surber net with three replicates per substrate (fine sediment, stones, and litter). In total, 12 502 aquatic insects were collected. The most representative genera were Baetodes, Simulium, and Cricotopus (57.7 %). Streams with agricultural activity had lower aquatic insects diversity than mining impact (F 2,309 = 21.82, p = 0.001). The agriculture areas presented a structure dominated by Simulium and Cricotopus (Diptera, pollution-tolerant morphospecies).Baetodes dominated in stones substrate, Cricotopus in sediment, and Simulium and Cricotopus dominated in litter (F 2,309 = 2.84, p = 0.001). Therefore, both factors (impact and substrate type) are being important in determining the diversity of aquatic insects. Our results suggested that agricultural activity has a higher impact on the diversity of aquatic insects, which may be associated with the loss of riparian vegetation. Rev. Biol. Trop. 65 (4): 1635-1659. Epub 2017 December 01.

Density and diversity of macroinvertebrates in Colombian Andean streams impacted by mining, agriculture and cattle production

“…Low DO promotes the loss of richness, increasing the density of tolerant organisms, as mentioned by Jacobsen & Marín (2008) . Both variables (TS and DO) could explain the high abundance of relatively tolerant filter-collector organisms such as Simulium and Chimarra , even though Simulium is generally associated with watercourses with a high concentration of oxygen ( Roldán, 1996 ; Domínguez & Fernández, 2009 ; Zúñiga & Cardona, 2009 ; Villada-Bedoya et al, 2017 ). However, some Simulium species may be more tolerant than others, so it is important to advance the taxonomic knowledge of the group for identification to species level.…”

“…In particular, different studies have shown how mining, agricultural and cattle production threaten the quality of, and access to, hydric resources ( Lobo et al, 2017 ; Grudzinski & Daniels, 2018 ; Mwangi et al, 2018 ). In Colombia, agriculture, cattle production and mining have put both the quality and availability of hydric resources at risk over the last decade ( Chará-Serna et al, 2015 ; Villada-Bedoya et al, 2017 ; Villada-Bedoya, Triana-Moreno & G-Dias, 2017 ; Ramírez et al, 2018 ). These activities threaten the lotic systems of the Andes, where the human population of the country is concentrated ( Murtinho et al, 2013 ; Guevara, 2014 ; Chará-Serna et al, 2015 ).…”

“…Channel diversion and the removal of organic matter and sediments affect the availability of refuge and food for benthic organisms, making it difficult to colonize and/or recover long-term communities ( Milner & Piorkowski, 2004 ). However, few studies have conducted simultaneous evaluation of the effects of mining, agriculture and cattle production in Andean streams ( Villada-Bedoya et al, 2017 ; Villada-Bedoya, Triana-Moreno & G-Dias, 2017 ; Ramírez et al, 2018 ). It is important to recognize that the Neotropical region presents a wide variety of climatic conditions and habitat heterogeneity, for which reason the diversity patterns are dynamic and can be influenced by many factors (land use, local geography, availability of riparian vegetation, among others).…”

Catalog of the Neotropical Trichoptera (Caddisflies)

“…These larvae were found on rocks in the center of the streams where the current was fastest. Villada-Bedoya et al (2015) also recorded a larva from Colombia. These larval records and the one from Ecuador ( Holzenthal 1997 ) are here tentatively listed under Neoatriplectides froehlichi , but adults must be collected or reared to confirm their identity.…”

“…— Villarreal-Grisales and García-Cárdenas, 2013 :261 [probable distribution]. — Villada-Bedoya et al, 2015 :369 [probable distribution].…”