Diverse reproductive patterns of Bluehead Chub (Nocomis leptocephalus) and their relationships with nest size and interactions with an associate, Yellowfin Shiner (Notropis lutipinnis)

Kim, Seoghyun; Peoples, Brandon K.

doi:10.1007/s10641-020-00980-x

Cited by 8 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…It is well known that flood disturbance significantly alters aquatic habitats through redistribution of substrate and reformulation of channel geomorphology (Behn & Baxter, 2019; Death et al., 2015; Larson et al., 2018; Nakamura et al., 2000; Robertson et al., 2015). Our previous study documented that high flows, even those of smaller magnitudes than defined and modelled in this study, mobilised and redistributed nest substrate of bluehead chub during the reproductive period (Kim et al., 2020). Furthermore, extreme high flows dug new pools in some locations and filled existing pools elsewhere in our streams (personal observation).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 61%

Non‐random dispersal in sympatric stream fishes: Influences of natural disturbance and body size

2021

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1. Although the prevailing paradigms in spatial ecology have treated dispersal as a stochastic process, there is an increasing awareness that spatial processes are non-random such that individual characteristics and ecological contexts influence dispersal. Natural disturbance, such as river flooding, is known to stimulate dispersal behaviour, but its interactive effects with individual-level characteristics (e.g. body size) of potential dispersers remain elusive. It is critical to fill this knowledge gap because anthropogenic impacts (including climate change) alter both disturbance regimes and population structures. 2. Here, we examined how extreme high flows and individual body size combined to influence dispersal of three fishes (creek chub Semotilus atromaculatus, bluehead chub Nocomis leptocephalus, and striped jumprock Moxostoma rupicartes) in two streams (740 and 520 m long) in South Carolina, U.S.A. We focused on extreme high flows as a natural disturbance, whereas body size was used as an individuallevel characteristic of dispersers. A total of 5,604 individuals were uniquely marked in the two streams over a >2-year study period, during which sampling occurred every 2 months.3. The intensive capture-recapture study revealed differential effects of disturbance and body size among sympatric stream fishes. Extreme high flows increased dispersal of striped jumprock and creek chub, whereas body size influenced dispersal of striped jumprock with larger individuals traveling longer distances. Bluehead chub showed a complex dispersal response. That is, size-dependence in dispersal emerged only during high-flow periods.4. The results of this study build upon previous efforts by providing field-based evidence of how disturbance and individual characteristics (body size) combine to drive non-random dispersal and how it varies among sympatric species. This finding is important because metapopulations that are maintained by different nonrandom dispersal (i.e. externally or internally driven) may show varied sensitivities to human-induced environmental changes.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 61%

Non‐random dispersal in sympatric stream fishes: Influences of natural disturbance and body size

2021

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“…They reproduce in spring to early summer (Wallin 1989;Kim and Kanno 2020). Male bluehead chub use pebbles to construct nests with other males, although some males construct nests alone (Wallin 1989;Sabaj et al 2000;Kim et al 2020a). Co-breeding males use different parts of a nest by excavating small pits where mating occurs (Wallin 1989;Sabaj et al 2000).…”

Section: Study Species and Hypothesesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Nest size increases with number of males constructing the nest, and larger nests are visited by more bluehead chub females and nest associates (Kim et al 2020a;2020b). Males would bene t from increased encounter rates with females and the presence of more eggs of nest associates to dilute predation impacts on their own eggs (Silknetter et al 2019;Kim et al 2020a). Third, we hypothesize that constructing more nests increases male reproductive success.…”

Section: Study Species and Hypothesesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Our second hypothesis is that males reproducing on larger nests are more successful than those on smaller nests. Nest size increases with number of males constructing the nest, and larger nests are visited by more bluehead chub females and nest associates (Kim et al 2020a;2020b). Males would bene t from increased encounter rates with females and the presence of more eggs of nest associates to dilute predation impacts on their own eggs (Silknetter et al 2019;Kim et al 2020a).…”

Section: Study Species and Hypothesesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Second, co-breeding males may increase reproductive success by building nests of certain characteristics. Nest size is a measure of male reproductive effort and often increases with the number of co-breeding males (Kim et al 2020a;2020b). Larger nests subsequently result in higher male reproductive success (Soler et al 1998;Lehtonen et al 2007;Barber 2013;Bose et al 2018).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Linking Male Reproductive Success to Effort Within and Among Nests in a Co-Breeding Stream Fish

Kim¹,

Hooten²,

Darden³

et al. 2021

Preprint

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Nest construction is an energetically costly behavior displayed by males in many taxa. In some species, males construct nests and co-breed with other males and they may construct multiple nests in a breeding season. However, little is understood about how allocation of effort within and among nests affects male reproductive success. We characterized reproductive effort of male bluehead chub (Nocomis leptocephalus) on nests in an entire breeding season using PIT antennas deployed around nests and linked effort within and among nests to reproductive success, measured by number of offspring assigned genetically to each male, in a small stream in South Carolina, USA. We monitored time spent by a total of 34 males on each of 18 nests during the spawning season in 2017. A Bayesian hierarchical analysis showed that larger males spent more time constructing and maintaining a given nest, and consequently were more reproductively successful than smaller males on the same nest. Combined with aggressive behavior displayed by larger males toward smaller males, this finding suggested that reproductive effort including agonistic interactions within nests was a determinant of reproductive success. In contrast, more males together constructed larger nests, which led to higher reproductive success of members that constructed those nests. Number of nests that male constructed, a measure of effort across nests, was not a predictor of reproductive success, indicating that reproductive success varied among nests due to nest size. Our study showed that male reproductive success was determined by both aggressive and cooperative behaviors in a co-breeding species.

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A flooded future for River Chub? Future impacts of climate change and urbanization on reproduction of a keystone native fish species

Kemp

2023

Trans Am Fish Soc

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Predicted impacts of climate change in the eastern United States are pervasive and complex, including increased precipitation and frequency of heavy precipitation events, and altered seasonality of rainfall. This will potentially lead to increased flooding frequency and severity. The River Chub Nocomis micropogon is an important keystone and engineer species in the eastern United States, primarily through its construction of nesting habitat which is shared with other species (‘nest associates’) in a mutualistic relationship. River Chub nests are vulnerable to high flows caused by excessive precipitation and by urbanization of watersheds. Published thresholds linking River Chub nest disruption with stream discharge were used to interpret fine‐ scale predictions of a downscaled climate prediction model (HadGEM2‐ES), using a stochastic weather generator (LARS‐WG6) calibrated to two climate change scenarios. This was examined for a case study watershed, Big Elk Creek, in Maryland. The amount of River Chub nest disruption was compared between present day stream discharge observations (2010‐ 2021) and simulated data for 2061‐ 2080 under the ‘worst‐case’ RCP85 and the ‘probable‐ case’ RCP45 scenarios. Significantly elevated nest disruption under both RCP45 and RCP85 scenarios over observed current conditions was found under status quo watershed characteristics in the form of more disruptive events, more disrupted days, and shorter disruption‐ free days during the River Chub nesting season. Increased nest disruption projected by the downscaled HadGEM2‐ES climate prediction model was moderate, and far below the level of nest disruption observed in flashy urbanized streams that have lost or may have lost River Chub populations in the region. The moderate impacts of increased flooding from climate change will interact with projected growth in population and urbanization projected for the Big Elk Creek watershed. Mechanistic modeling of fine‐ scale processes using stochastic weather generators shows promise in modeling responses of ecosystems to changing conditions.

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Diverse reproductive patterns of Bluehead Chub (Nocomis leptocephalus) and their relationships with nest size and interactions with an associate, Yellowfin Shiner (Notropis lutipinnis)

Cited by 8 publications

References 39 publications

Non‐random dispersal in sympatric stream fishes: Influences of natural disturbance and body size

Non‐random dispersal in sympatric stream fishes: Influences of natural disturbance and body size

Linking Male Reproductive Success to Effort Within and Among Nests in a Co-Breeding Stream Fish

A flooded future for River Chub? Future impacts of climate change and urbanization on reproduction of a keystone native fish species

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