Diverse large lepidopteran pollinators promote the naturalisation of Crinum asiaticum in invaded and disturbed habitats, despite apparent floral specialisation

Huang, Yang; Liu, Lanying; Chang-qiu, Liu; Lu, Qing‐Biao; Gong, Qiang-Bang; Cai, Bo; Hu, Xinghua

doi:10.1007/s00606-021-01748-1

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“…Sphingophily is a widely recognised pollination phenomenon in Crinum (Manning and Snijman 2002;Huang et al 2021). Three species of hawkmoth and honeybees were observed visiting Crinum flaccidum in Kootingal, New South Wales (Howell and Prakash 1990), with pollen found on the proboscis of Hippotion scrofa (Boisduval, 1832).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…concluded that Crinum primarily disperses through water-mediated means. Many Crinum species have buoyant seeds capable of longdistance hydrochory(Bjorå et al 2009;Huang et al 2021) and it is plausible that C. flaccidum has dispersed along the lower Murray, on the basis of the low genetic variation within the South Australian populations (Fig.1, Fig.S2). All the sampled New South Wales C. flaccidum populations were from flood-plain environments with minor water systems nearby and these populations are likely to rely on major flood events for dispersal, which are known to occur in the region, albeit infrequently(Speer and Leslie 2000; O'Gorman 2012).…”

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Crinum flaccidum Herb. is widespread across southern and eastern Australia, but suffers from taxonomic uncertainty. This ambiguity is in part due to widespread hybridisation in the genus, but also morphological variability within and among populations. Morphological and molecular analyses of the complex using 24 morphological characters and 59 chloroplast coding and noncoding regions (~50 000 bp) provided support for the separation of C. flaccidum from C. luteolum Traub & L.S.Hannibal ex Traub, with the latter representing populations from the Flinders Ranges and Lake Eyre Basin. Within Crinum flaccidum, there was greater inferred genetic structure at the population level for New South Wales flood plain accessions, compared with South Australian populations from along the Murray River. The greater structure of the South Australian populations is theorised to be attributed to lower seed-dispersal rates leading to lower gene flow.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%