Diverse diets and low‐fiber, low‐tannin foraging preferences: Foraging criteria of Tibetan macaques (<i>Macaca thibetana</i>) at low altitude in Huangshan

Li, Bowen; Li, Wen-Bo; Liu, Chao; Yang, Peipei; Li, Jinhua

doi:10.1002/ece3.9338

Cited by 3 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 82 publications

(111 reference statements)

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“…Furthermore, Cui et al [55,59] were able to rule out other constraints as determinants of the observed pattern of intake, such as constraints on the amounts of food available across study years (i.e. quantitative constraint), or owing to inter-annual variation in non-nutrient substances, such as fibre and/or tannin, which can influence dietary intakes in primates [68,69], including some macaques [70]. This was achieved by establishing that lactating females ate substantially more food and macronutrients than non-lactating adult monkeys, thus showing that the pattern of macronutrient intake shown by non-lactating monkeys was not owing to limited availability of food.…”

Section: (B) Taihangshan Rhesus Macaquesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Towards an integrated understanding of dietary phenotypes

Raubenheimer,

Hou,

Dong

et al. 2023

Phil. Trans. R. Soc. B

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Diet and nutrition comprise a complex, multi-faceted interface between animal biology and food environments. With accumulating information on the many facets of this association arises a need for systems-based approaches that integrate dietary components and their links with ecology, feeding, post-ingestive processes and the functional and ecological consequences of these interactions. We briefly show how a modelling approach, nutritional geometry, has used the experimental control afforded in laboratory studies to begin to unravel these links. Laboratory studies, however, have limited ability to establish whether and how the feeding and physiological mechanisms interface with realistic ecological environments. We next provide an overview of observational field studies of free-ranging primates that have examined this, producing largely correlative data suggesting that similar feeding mechanisms operate in the wild as in the laboratory. Significant challenges remain, however, in establishing causal links between feeding, resource variation and physiological processes in the wild. We end with a more detailed account of two studies of temperate primates that have capitalized on the discrete variation provided by seasonal environments to strengthen causal inference in field studies and link patterns of intake to dynamics of nutrient processing. This article is part of the theme issue ‘Food processing and nutritional assimilation in animals’.

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Section: (B) Taihangshan Rhesus Macaquesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Towards an integrated understanding of dietary phenotypes

Raubenheimer,

Hou,

Dong

et al. 2023

Phil. Trans. R. Soc. B

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Sleeping sites provide new insight into multiple central place foraging strategies of Tibetan macaques (Macaca thibetana)

Xia

et al. 2022

Front. Ecol. Evol.

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Food resources, including food types, quantity, and quality, are the key factors that determine the survival and reproduction of wild animals. However, the most basic requirement is access to food. The choice of sleeping sites plays a crucial role in efficiently acquiring food and provides a useful starting point for studying foraging strategies. We collected data on sleeping site and foraging patch uses of wild Tibetan macaques (Macaca thibetana) in Huangshan, Anhui, China, from September 2020 to August 2021. We found that Tibetan macaques used 50 different sleeping sites, mostly located on cliffs, some of which they reused. Sleeping site altitude differed significantly according to season, with higher altitudes recorded in summer and winter. Tibetan macaques did not sleep as much as expected in the peripheral regions of their home range. The sleeping sites were often distributed in proximity to foraging patches, and there was a positive correlation between the use of sleeping sites and surrounding foraging patches. The utilization of foraging patches by Tibetan macaques is inclined towards the multiple central place foraging strategy. Our results provide supportive evidence for the proximity to food resource hypothesis and indicate the important role of sleeping sites in food resource utilization in Tibetan macaques.

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Captivity restructures the gut microbiota of François' langurs (Trachypithecus francoisi)

Mo,

Li,

Liu

et al. 2023

Front. Microbiol.

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Gut microbiota is crucial to primate survival. Data on the gut microbiota of captive and wild animals can provide a physiological and ecological basis for the conservation of rare and endangered species. To study the effect of captivity on the gut microbiota, we examine the difference in the gut microbiota composition between captive and wild Francois' langurs (Trachypithecus francoisi), using 16S rRNA sequencing technology. The results showed that the composition of the gut microbiota of captive and wild langurs was characterized by Firmicutes (51.93 ± 10.07% vs. 76.15 ± 8.37%) and Bacteroidetes (32.43 ± 10.00% vs. 4.82 ± 1.41%) at the phylum level and was characterized by Oscillospiraceae (15.80 ± 5.19% vs. 30.21 ± 4.87%) at the family level. The alpha diversity of gut microbiota in captive langurs was higher than those in wild, such as the Shannon index (4.45 ± 0.33 vs. 3.98 ± 0.19, P < 0.001) and invSimpson index (35.11 ± 15.63 vs. 19.02 ± 4.87, P < 0.001). Principal coordinates analysis (PCoA) results showed significant differences in the composition of gut microbiota between captive and wild langurs at both the phylum and family levels (weight UniFrac algorithm, phylum level: R2 = 0.748, P = 0.001; family level: R2 = 0.685, P = 0.001). The relative abundance of Firmicutes (51.93 ± 10.07%) in captive langurs was lower than that of wild langurs (76.15 ± 8.37%), and the relative abundance of Bacteroidetes (32.43 ± 10.00%) in captive langurs was higher than that of wild (4.82 ± 1.41%). Our study concludes that dietary composition could be a crucial determinant in shaping the gut microbiota of langurs because more fiber-rich foods used by the wild langurs could increase the abundance of Firmicutes, and more simple carbohydrate-rich foods consumed by the captive langurs increase the abundance of Bacteroidetes. We highlight the importance of captivity on the gut microbiota and the need to consider the gut microbiota in animal provision.

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Diverse diets and low‐fiber, low‐tannin foraging preferences: Foraging criteria of Tibetan macaques (Macaca thibetana) at low altitude in Huangshan

Cited by 3 publications

References 82 publications

Towards an integrated understanding of dietary phenotypes

Towards an integrated understanding of dietary phenotypes

Sleeping sites provide new insight into multiple central place foraging strategies of Tibetan macaques (Macaca thibetana)

Captivity restructures the gut microbiota of François' langurs (Trachypithecus francoisi)

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