Diverging trends for onset of acute myocardial infarction, heart failure, stroke and mortality in young males: role of changes in obesity and fitness

Åberg, N. David; Adiels, Martin; Lindgren, Martin; Nyberg, Jenny; Kuhn, H. Georg; Robertson, Josefina; Schaufelberger, Maria; Sattar, Naveed; Åberg, Maria; Rosengren, Annika

doi:10.1111/joim.13285

Cited by 8 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 48 publications

(90 reference statements)

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“…However, it shows that the worrisome rapidly increasing stroke trend particularly in young women described by Rosengren et al in 2013 has not continued ( 6 ). In contrast to our results, a recent study by Åberg et al showed stroke incidence among young males to be increasing in Sweden ( 20 ). Their study was based on cohorts of men enrolled for the military service in 1971–1995, with the last year of their study being in 2016.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 99%

Sex Differences in Ischemic Stroke Within the Younger Age Group: A Register-Based Study

2022

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BackgroundStroke incidence is decreasing in most developing countries. However, worrisome trends of an increase in the younger population have been described.AimTo investigate sex differences and longitudinal changes in ischemic stroke regarding incidence, cardiovascular risk factors, and outcome, in the young.MethodsThis is an observational study based on the data from the Swedish national stroke registry, Riksstroke. Patients, 18–54 years of age, having ischemic stroke between 2005 and 2018 were included, resulting in a study population of 16,210 patients.ResultsThe incidence was higher in men than in women (30.6 vs. 19.1 per 100,000, P < 0.001). After an initial increase, the incidence stabilized and then decreased, resulting in a similar level in 2018 as in 2005. Atrial fibrillation, diabetes, and usage of anti-hypertensives at stroke onset were more common among men and did not change over time. Smoking was common and slightly more so in women, but with a reduced prevalence in both men and women during the study period. Dependency in Activities of Daily Living (ADL) and case fatality showed no clear trends or sex differences.ConclusionsThe results show that there are sex differences in ischemic stroke in the younger age group regarding incidence and vascular risk factors, particularly smoking. Temporal trends in stroke incidence are difficult to interpret as fluctuations are substantial, largely due to stroke being quite uncommon in the younger population.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 99%

Sex Differences in Ischemic Stroke Within the Younger Age Group: A Register-Based Study

2022

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“…Members of our research group and others have previously studied the prevalence of obesity [30][31][32], and its association with mortality [33,34] and cardiovascular health [8,[35][36][37][38][39]. Still other researchers have demonstrated that heart rate and blood pressure at conscription may be linked to the risk of psychiatric disorders later in life [23,40].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Swedish military conscription register: opportunities for its use in medical research

et al. 2022

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In Sweden, conscription around age 18y was mandatory for young men until June 30, 2010. From July 1, 2017, it became mandatory again for both sexes but the proportion of summoned people for standardised testing has so far been low. This paper describes the history, structure and content of the Swedish Military Conscription Register (SMCR). We retrieved information about the SMCR from written sources and through e-mail interviews with key personnel at the Swedish Defence Conscription and Assessment Agency. We also analysed data from the SMCR between 1969 and 2018. Between 1969 and 2018 the SMCR contains digital data on approximately 2 million individuals (98.6% men). Most conscripts were born between 1951 and 1988 (n = 1,900,000; tested between 1969 and 2006). For the 1951–1987 birth cohorts, the register has a population coverage of approximately 90% for men. Conscripts underwent written tests focusing on verbal, spatial, logical and technical ability, medical, physical, and psychological tests. The medical assessment included hearing, vision, muscle and exercise capacity, height, weight, blood pressure and resting heart rate. The SMCR has been widely used to study, e.g., obesity, cardiovascular disease, mental health, crime, cardiovascular fitness, muscle strength, sick leave and disability pension. Severe disease could qualify for exemption from military service. Thus, the prevalence of such diseases is underestimated in the SMCR population. Between 1990 and 2018, about 25,000 women also volunteered for testing. The SMCR contains population-based data on physical and psychological health in about 90% of all men born between 1951 and 1987 (corresponding to testing between 1969 and 2006), and can be used to address a host of research questions.

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“…Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), and particularly coronary heart disease (CHD), are the leading cause of morbidity and mortality globally [1,2]. Despite considerable improvement in diagnosis and therapeutics, up-to-date epidemiological data from the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) [3] reports that 126 million individuals (i.e., approximately 1.72% of the world's population) are affected by CHD [3].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Acute Myocardial Infarction in Young Patients and its Correlation with Obesity Status at Pre-adolescent Stage: A Narrative Review

Chrissini¹,

Panagiotakos²

2022

TOCMJ

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Background: Cardiovascular diseases (CVD), especially acute myocardial infarction (AMI), remain a worldwide major cause of premature morbidity and mortality, with considerable health care costs. Metabolic, behavioural, environmental, and social risk factors are significant drivers of AMI, with obesity being a key determinant among them. Childhood obesity constitutes a major health threat that is considered a global epidemic of the 21st century. Objective: To assess whether excess weight from the first years of life acts as a predisposing factor in increasing the risk of AMI in young adults. Methods: This is a narrative review of the evidence concerning the epidemiology of early AMI and obesity, using PubMed and Google Scholar. Results: There is substantial evidence showing that excess weight during childhood multiplies the risk of AMI at an early age. Conclusion: Premature AMI seems to have significant drivers related to lifestyle factors, such as childhood obesity. In the era of a childhood obesity epidemic, the aforementioned relationship underlines the need for early prevention and management.

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Diverging trends for onset of acute myocardial infarction, heart failure, stroke and mortality in young males: role of changes in obesity and fitness

Abstract: and Region V€ astra G€ otaland, N€ arh€ alsan, Gothenburg, Sweden). Diverging trends for onset of acute myocardial infarction, heart failure, stroke and mortality in young males: Role of changes in obesity and fitness.

Cited by 8 publications

References 48 publications

Sex Differences in Ischemic Stroke Within the Younger Age Group: A Register-Based Study

Sex Differences in Ischemic Stroke Within the Younger Age Group: A Register-Based Study

The Swedish military conscription register: opportunities for its use in medical research

Acute Myocardial Infarction in Young Patients and its Correlation with Obesity Status at Pre-adolescent Stage: A Narrative Review

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