Divergent responses in growth and nutritional quality of coastal macroalgae to the combination of increased pCO2 and nutrients

Ober, Gordon T.; Thornber, Carol S.

doi:10.1016/j.marenvres.2017.09.003

Cited by 26 publications

(13 citation statements)

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“…While Ulva experienced enhanced growth under elevated pCO 2 in this study ( Fig. S5) and has been shown to experience enhanced growth under elevated CO 2 and nutrient concentrations (Olischläger et al 2013, Young & Gobler 2016, Ober & Thornber 2017, nutrient enrichment can reduce the abundances of numerous common estuarine grazers, including gastropods such as Lacuna, due to potentially toxic levels of ammonia (Atalah & Crowe 2012). Furthermore, the proliferation, death, and decomposition of macroalgal mats can result in the accumulation of sulfides, significantly reducing DO concentrations (Hauxwell et al 2001) and increasing levels of pCO 2 (Wallace et al 2014).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 57%

Ocean acidification and food limitation combine to suppress herbivory by the gastropod Lacuna vincta

Young¹,

Lowell²,

Peterson³

et al. 2019

Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser.

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While ocean acidification has different effects on herbivores and autotrophs, how acidification may influence herbivory is poorly understood. This study examined how grazing by the gastropod Lacuna vincta (hereafter Lacuna) on the macroalgae Ulva spp. (hereafter Ulva) is influenced by ocean acidification. Herbivory by Lacuna was significantly reduced under elevated partial pressure of carbon dioxide (pCO 2 ; 1500−2000 µatm) relative to ambient pCO 2 (~400 µatm). This significant decrease in herbivory was unrelated to the physiological status of Ulva but rather was specifically elicited when Lacuna was exposed to elevated pCO 2 in the absence of food for 18 to 24 h prior to grazing Ulva. The negative effects of elevated pCO 2 on Lacuna were absent at 400 to 800 µatm pCO 2 or when fed but persisted for up to 72 h following a 24 h exposure to elevated pCO 2 without food. Depressed respiration rates in Lacuna following exposure to high pCO 2 without food indicated these conditions produced metabolic suppression potentially associated with acidosis. Collectively, the lasting (72 h) nature of grazing inhibition of Lacuna following brief exposure (18 h) to moderate pCO 2 levels (>~1500 µatm) when food was not available suggests this process could have broad effects on the dynamics of macroalgae in estuaries where Lacuna is a dominant grazer; these effects will be amplified as climate change progresses.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 57%

Ocean acidification and food limitation combine to suppress herbivory by the gastropod Lacuna vincta

Young¹,

Lowell²,

Peterson³

et al. 2019

Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser.

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“…References: [1] Ho and Carpenter (); [2] Sarker, Bartsch, Olischläger, Gutow, and Wiencke (); [3] Israel and Hophy (); [4] Gao et al (); [5] Lignell and Pedersén (); [6] García‐Sánchez et al (); [7] Rivers and Peckol (); [8] Chen, Zou, Zhu, and Yang (); [9] Xu, Zou, and Gao (); [10] Liu, Zou, and Yang (); [11] Zou and Gao (); [12] Kang, Kambey, Shen, Yang, and Chung (); [13] Kim et al (); [14] Suárez‐Álvarez, Gómez‐Pinchetti, and García‐Reina (); [15] Bender‐Champ, Diaz‐Pulido, and Dove (); [16] Kübler et al (); [17] Olischläger and Wiencke (); [18] Nunes et al (); [19] Sebök, Herppich, and Hanelt (); [20] Gordillo, Carmona, Viñegla, Wiencke, and Jiménez (); [21] Kram et al (); [22] Israel, Katz, Dubinsky, Merrill, and Friedlander (); [23] Liu and Zou (); [24] Xu, Chen, et al (); [25] Mercado, Javier, Gordillo, Xavier Niell, and Figueroa (); [26] Gao et al (); [27] de Paula Silva, Paul, Nys, and Mata (); [28] Reidenbach et al (); [29] Kang and Chung (); [30] Kang and Kim (); [31] Liu and Zou (); [32] Gao et al (); [33] Xu and Gao (); [34] Li, Xu, and He (); [35] Li, Zhong, Zheng, Zhuo, and Xu (); [36] Björk, Haglund, Ramazanov, and Pedersén (); [37] Gordillo, Niell, and Figueroa (); [38] Rautenberger et al (); [39] Gordillo, Figueroa, and Niell (); [40] Iñiguez et al (); [41] Gordillo et al (); [42] Iñiguez, Heinrich, Harms, and Gordillo (); [43] Gutow et al (); [44] Kawamitsu and Boyer (); [45] Ober and Thornber (); [46] Mensch et al (); [47] Iñiguez et al, (); [48] Fernández et al (); [49] Swanson and Fox (); [50] Thom (); [51] Kang and Chung (); [52] Olischläger, Iñiguez, Koch, Wiencke, and Gordillo (); [53] Zou (); [54] Zo...…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Responses of macroalgae to CO₂ enrichment cannot be inferred solely from their inorganic carbon uptake strategy

Loos

Schmid

Leal

et al. 2018

Ecology and Evolution

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Increased plant biomass is observed in terrestrial systems due to rising levels of atmospheric CO2, but responses of marine macroalgae to CO2 enrichment are unclear. The 200% increase in CO2 by 2100 is predicted to enhance the productivity of fleshy macroalgae that acquire inorganic carbon solely as CO2 (non‐carbon dioxide‐concentrating mechanism [CCM] species—i.e., species without a carbon dioxide‐concentrating mechanism), whereas those that additionally uptake bicarbonate (CCM species) are predicted to respond neutrally or positively depending on their affinity for bicarbonate. Previous studies, however, show that fleshy macroalgae exhibit a broad variety of responses to CO2 enrichment and the underlying mechanisms are largely unknown. This physiological study compared the responses of a CCM species (Lomentaria australis) with a non‐CCM species (Craspedocarpus ramentaceus) to CO2 enrichment with regards to growth, net photosynthesis, and biochemistry. Contrary to expectations, there was no enrichment effect for the non‐CCM species, whereas the CCM species had a twofold greater growth rate, likely driven by a downregulation of the energetically costly CCM(s). This saved energy was invested into new growth rather than storage lipids and fatty acids. In addition, we conducted a comprehensive literature synthesis to examine the extent to which the growth and photosynthetic responses of fleshy macroalgae to elevated CO2 are related to their carbon acquisition strategies. Findings highlight that the responses of macroalgae to CO2 enrichment cannot be inferred solely from their carbon uptake strategy, and targeted physiological experiments on a wider range of species are needed to better predict responses of macroalgae to future oceanic change.

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“…Ulva spp. can experience enhanced growth under conditions of elevated pCO 2 and nutrient concentrations (Olischläger et al, 2013;Young and Gobler, 2016;Ober and Thornber, 2017). Beyond the negative effects of elevated pCO 2 on gastropod grazers (Shirayama and Thorton, 2005;Bibby et al, 2007;Manno et al, 2012), excessive nutrients have been shown to decrease abundances of common estuarine grazers due to potentially toxic ammonia concentrations (Atalah and Crowe, 2012).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The extent to which grazing by L. vincta, or other estuarine grazers, is affected by combined acidified and hypoxic conditions, however, is not well understood. Given that some genera of macroalgae, such as Ulva, undergo enhanced growth under elevated pCO 2 (Olischläger et al, 2013;Young and Gobler, 2016;Ober and Thornber, 2017) and grazers such as L. vincta experience depressed herbivory rates when exposed to elevated pCO 2 in the absence of food (Young et al, 2019), the potential stress of hypoxia alone or combined with ocean acidification could alter consumption of macroalgal biomass, which may influence the proliferation of the algal biomass.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hypoxia and Acidification, Individually and in Combination, Disrupt Herbivory and Reduce Survivorship of the Gastropod, Lacuna vincta

Young

Gobler

2020

Front. Mar. Sci.

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Acidification and deoxygenation are two consequences of climate change that also co-occur in eutrophied coastal zones and can have deleterious effects on marine life. While the effects of hypoxia on marine herbivores have been well-studied, how ocean acidification combined with hypoxia affects herbivory is poorly understood. This study examined how herbivory and survival by the gastropod Lacuna vincta grazing on the macroalgae Ulva rigida was influenced by hypoxia and ocean acidification, alone and in combination, with and without food limitation. Experiments exposed L. vincta to a range of environmentally realistic dissolved oxygen (0.7-8 mg L −1) and pH (7.3-8.0 total scale) conditions for 3-72 h, with and without a starvation period and quantified herbivory and survival. While acidified conditions (pH < 7.4) reduced herbivory when combined with food limitation, low oxygen conditions (< 4 mg L −1) reduced herbivory and survival regardless of food supply. When L. vincta were starved and grazed in acidified conditions herbivory was additively reduced, whereas starvation and hypoxia synergistically reduced grazing rates. Overall, low oxygen had a more inhibitory effect on herbivory than low pH. Shorter exposure times (9, 6, and 3 h) were required to reduce grazing at lower DO levels (∼2.4, ∼1.6, and ∼0.7 mg L −1 , respectively). Herbivory ceased entirely following a three-hour exposure to DO of 0.7 mg L −1 suggesting that episodes of diurnal hypoxia disrupt grazing by these gastropods. The suppression of herbivory in response to acidified and hypoxic conditions could create a positive feedback loop that promotes 'green tides' whereby reduced grazing facilitates the overgrowth of macroalgae that cause nocturnal acidification and hypoxia, further disrupting herbivory and promoting the growth of macroalgae. Such feedback loops could have broad implications for estuarine ecosystems where L. vincta is a dominant macroalgal grazer and will intensify as climate change accelerates.

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Divergent responses in growth and nutritional quality of coastal macroalgae to the combination of increased pCO2 and nutrients

Cited by 26 publications

References 89 publications

Ocean acidification and food limitation combine to suppress herbivory by the gastropod Lacuna vincta

Ocean acidification and food limitation combine to suppress herbivory by the gastropod Lacuna vincta

Responses of macroalgae to CO₂ enrichment cannot be inferred solely from their inorganic carbon uptake strategy

Hypoxia and Acidification, Individually and in Combination, Disrupt Herbivory and Reduce Survivorship of the Gastropod, Lacuna vincta

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Divergent responses in growth and nutritional quality of coastal macroalgae to the combination of increased pCO2 and nutrients

Cited by 26 publications

References 89 publications

Ocean acidification and food limitation combine to suppress herbivory by the gastropod Lacuna vincta

Ocean acidification and food limitation combine to suppress herbivory by the gastropod Lacuna vincta

Responses of macroalgae to CO2 enrichment cannot be inferred solely from their inorganic carbon uptake strategy

Hypoxia and Acidification, Individually and in Combination, Disrupt Herbivory and Reduce Survivorship of the Gastropod, Lacuna vincta

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Responses of macroalgae to CO₂ enrichment cannot be inferred solely from their inorganic carbon uptake strategy