Divergent outputs of the ventral lateral geniculate nucleus mediate visually evoked defensive behaviors

Salay, Lindsey D.; Huberman, Andrew D.

doi:10.1016/j.celrep.2021.109792

Cited by 39 publications

(56 citation statements)

References 82 publications

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“…In dLGN, transcriptional, morphological, and functional studies have been viable to parse interneurons into more than just one or two subtypes (Charalambakis et al, 2019; Leist et al, 2016), making it difficult to study the specificity for loss of Gad1 + cells in this retinorecipient brain region. In contrast, vLGN contains numerous transcriptionally distinct GABAergic cell types (including both local interneurons and projection neurons), some of which exhibit regional preferences, unique morphologies, and distinct connectivity (Fratzl et al, 2021; Sabbagh et al, 2021; Salay and Huberman, 2021). Thus, RGC-derived SHH may affect specific subtypes of GABAergic cells in vLGN.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In contrast, vLGN contains numerous transcriptionally distinct GABAergic cell types (including both local interneurons and projection neurons), some of which exhibit regional preferences, unique morphologies, and distinct connectivity (Fratzl et al, 2021;Sabbagh et al, 2021;Salay and Huberman, 2021). Thus, RGC-derived SHH may affect specific subtypes of GABAergic cells in vLGN.…”

Section: Shh As An Intermediary Between Rgcs and Thalamic Astrocytes ...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In rodents, one of the brain regions densely innervated by RGC axons is the visual thalamus, which includes several retinorecipient nuclei, such as the dorsal lateral geniculate nucleus (dLGN), intergeniculate leaflet (IGL), and ventral lateral geniculate nucleus (vLGN). Despite being adjacent, these nuclei have diverse roles in visual processing, with the dLGN being important for image-forming visual functions, and the vLGN and IGL contributing more to non-image-forming visual functions (such as visuomotor functions, circadian photoentrainment, and mood regulation) (Fratzl et al, 2021;Guido, 2018;Huang et al, 2019;Monavarfeshani et al, 2017;Salay and Huberman, 2021). Not surprisingly based on these diverse functions, the principal neurons and their connectivity differs greatly between dLGN and vLGN/IGL (Krahe et al, 2011;Sabbagh et al, 2018Sabbagh et al, , 2021.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Sonic hedgehog-dependent recruitment of GABAergic interneurons into the developing visual thalamus

Somaiya

Stebbins

Xie

et al. 2022

Preprint

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SummaryAxons of retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) play critical roles in the development of inhibitory circuits in visual thalamus. We previously reported that RGC axons signal astrocytes to induce the expression of fibroblast growth factor 15 (FGF15), a motogen required for GABAergic interneuron migration into visual thalamus. However, how retinal axons induce thalamic astrocytes to generate Fgf15 and influence interneuron migration remains unknown. Here, we demonstrate that impairing RGC activity had no impact on interneuron recruitment into mouse visual thalamus. Instead, our data show that retinal-derived sonic hedgehog (SHH) is essential for interneuron recruitment. Specifically, we show that thalamus-projecting RGCs express SHH and thalamic astrocytes generate downstream components of SHH signaling. Deletion of RGC-derived SHH leads to a significant decrease in Fgf15 expression, as well as in the percentage of interneurons recruited into visual thalamus. Thus, our findings identify a morphogen-dependent neuron-astrocyte signaling mechanism essential for the migration of thalamic interneurons.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Shh As An Intermediary Between Rgcs and Thalamic Astrocytes ...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Sonic hedgehog-dependent recruitment of GABAergic interneurons into the developing visual thalamus

Somaiya

Stebbins

Xie

et al. 2022

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…Because only a subset of y279-positive thalamic neurons responded to the light-OFF stimulus, neurons across the thalamus are likely tuned to specific photic cues. Indeed, a subset of thalamus neurons project to the tectum and regulate loom-induced startle in zebrafish 40 , and in mammals, portions of the thalamus respond to illuminance information to control defensive behavior 71 . In a previous study, we did not observe AMNs extending projections to the tectum 26 , supporting the hypothesis that neurons in the zebrafish thalamus are divided into unique photo-responsive subsets and suggesting AMNs operate in a tectum-independent manner, consistent with the lack of turn bias correlated functional asymmetry in the zebrafish tectum (see Figure 4).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thalamic regulation of a visual critical period and motor behavior

Hageter

Starkey

Horstick

2022

Preprint

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During the visual critical period, sensory experience refines the structure and function of visual circuits. The basis of this plasticity was long thought to be limited to cortical circuits, yet recently described thalamic ocular dominance plasticity challenges this dogma and demonstrates greater complexity underlying visual plasticity. Yet how visual experience modulates responses of thalamic neurons or how the thalamus modulates CP timing is incompletely understood. Using a novel larval zebrafish, thalamus-centric ocular dominance model, we show functional changes in the thalamus and a role of inhibitory signaling to establish critical period timing using a combination of functional imaging, optogenetics, and pharmacology. Moreover, hemisphere-specific functional changes in genetically defined thalamic neurons correlate with changes in visuomotor behavior, establishing a role of thalamic plasticity in modulating motor performance. Together, our work demonstrates that visual plasticity is more broadly conserved and shows that visual experience leads to neuron-level functional changes in the thalamus that require inhibitory signaling to establish critical period timing.

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“…Such a looming stimulus can induce either freezing for an extended period or flight to a provided shelter [18]. Brain regions including the superior colliculus (SC) [19][20][21][22], ventral midline thalamus [23], and ventral lateral geniculate nucleus [24,25] have been shown to regulate the loominginduced innate fear response. The ZI receives projections from the visual cortex and SC [4,26], but whether and how the ZI participates in looming-induced defensive behavior is not known.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Somatostatin-Positive Neurons in the Rostral Zona Incerta Modulate Innate Fear-Induced Defensive Response in Mice

et al. 2022

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Defensive behaviors induced by innate fear or Pavlovian fear conditioning are crucial for animals to avoid threats and ensure survival. The zona incerta (ZI) has been demonstrated to play important roles in fear learning and fear memory, as well as modulating auditory-induced innate defensive behavior. However, whether the neuronal subtypes in the ZI and specific circuits can mediate the innate fear response is largely unknown. Here, we found that somatostatin (SST)-positive neurons in the rostral ZI of mice were activated by a visual innate fear stimulus. Optogenetic inhibition of SST-positive neurons in the rostral ZI resulted in reduced flight responses to an overhead looming stimulus. Optogenetic activation of SST-positive neurons in the rostral ZI induced fear-like defensive behavior including increased immobility and bradycardia. In addition, we demonstrated that manipulation of the GABAergic projections from SST-positive neurons in the rostral ZI to the downstream nucleus reuniens (Re) mediated fear-like defensive behavior. Retrograde trans-synaptic tracing also revealed looming stimulus-activated neurons in the superior colliculus (SC) that projected to the Re-projecting SST-positive neurons in the rostral ZI (SC-ZIrSST-Re pathway). Together, our study elucidates the function of SST-positive neurons in the rostral ZI and the SC-ZIrSST-Re tri-synaptic circuit in mediating the innate fear response.

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Divergent outputs of the ventral lateral geniculate nucleus mediate visually evoked defensive behaviors

Cited by 39 publications

References 82 publications

Sonic hedgehog-dependent recruitment of GABAergic interneurons into the developing visual thalamus

Sonic hedgehog-dependent recruitment of GABAergic interneurons into the developing visual thalamus

Thalamic regulation of a visual critical period and motor behavior

Somatostatin-Positive Neurons in the Rostral Zona Incerta Modulate Innate Fear-Induced Defensive Response in Mice

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