Divalent (Cr2+), trivalent (Cr3+), and tetravalent (Cr4+) chromium ion-doped tunable solid-state lasers operating in the near and mid-infrared spectral regions

A bidentate-anionic-group strategy for enhancing electron–phonon coupling and vibronic fluorescence in rare-earth crystals

“…In inorganic crystals containing rare earth (RE) or transition metal (TM) ions, their 4f or 3d electrons usually exhibit rich energy levels and complex dipole electronic transitions, [1][2][3][4] such as Pr 3+ , Nd 3+ , Cr 3+ , and Ti 4+ . Among these transitions, the electron states are ineluctably affected by the surrounding lattices, namely the electron-phonon coupling effect, [5][6][7][8][9] which attracts rapidly increasing attention owing to its great potential for broadband fluorescence and tunable vibronic lasers.…”

Robust and Enhanced Short-Wave Near-Infrared Light Emission in Phosphorene through Photon-Activated Oxidation

“…7 As for supercontinuum solid-state lasers, the high cost, high power consumption, and noncompactness limit their applications in compact optical systems. 8 Researchers have been making considerable efforts to explore new SW-NIR sources with efficient and broadband luminescence as well as compact sizes. 3,9−11 Phosphorene, a van der Waals layered semiconductor, possesses thickness-dependent direct bandgap ranging from 0.3 eV in bulk to 2.0 eV in the monolayer (1L).…”

“…5,6 The mainstream SW-NIR light sources are halogen-tungsten lamps, AlGaAs-based light-emitting diodes (LEDs), and supercontinuum solid-state lasers. 7,8 Among them, halogen-tungsten lamps suffer from large sizes, low energy efficiency, and short lifetime. LEDs show narrow emission bands and low operating temperatures.…”

“…Short-wave near-infrared (SW-NIR, 750–1100 nm) light sources have been extensively investigated for applications in biological imaging, , medical diagnosis, night vision, and nondestructive analysis of foodstuffs. , The mainstream SW-NIR light sources are halogen-tungsten lamps, AlGaAs-based light-emitting diodes (LEDs), and supercontinuum solid-state lasers. , Among them, halogen-tungsten lamps suffer from large sizes, low energy efficiency, and short lifetime. LEDs show narrow emission bands and low operating temperatures .…”

“…LEDs show narrow emission bands and low operating temperatures . As for supercontinuum solid-state lasers, the high cost, high power consumption, and noncompactness limit their applications in compact optical systems . Researchers have been making considerable efforts to explore new SW-NIR sources with efficient and broadband luminescence as well as compact sizes. ,− …”