Divalent cations stabilize the aggregation of sulfated glycoproteins in the adhesive nanofibers of the biofouling diatom Toxarium undulatum

Chiovitti, Anthony; Heraud, Philip; Dugdale, Tony M.; Hodson, Oliver M.; Curtain, Roger; Dagastine, Raymond R.; Wood, Bayden Robert; Wetherbee, Richard

doi:10.1039/b715455k

Cited by 33 publications

(33 citation statements)

References 61 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…A significant interaction between nutrients and high atrazine treatments also occurred (F 3, 16 011.93, p00.012). Chlorophyll a in HA treatments Table 1 Infrared microspectroscopy macromolecular band assignments Band assignments taken from [5,9,12,19,57] v symmetric stretch, vas asymmetric stretch, δ symmetric deformation (bend), δas asymmetric deformation (bend) Measurements were taken on days 4 and 6, with initial conditions reestablished following sampling (n010). Values are means with standard deviations in parentheses was 10% less than controls, but the difference was not significant.…”

Section: Assemblage Structure and Functionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Macromolecular Response of Individual Algal Cells to Nutrient and Atrazine Mixtures within Biofilms

Murdock

Wetzel

2011

Microb Ecol

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Pollutant effects on biofilm physiology are difficult to assess due to differential susceptibility of species and difficulty separating individual species for analysis. Also, measuring whole assemblage responses such as metabolism can mask species-specific responses, as some species may decrease and others increase metabolic activity. Physiological responses can add information to compositional data, and may be a more sensitive indicator of effect. It is difficult, however, to separate individual species for biochemical analyses. Agricultural runoff often contains multiple pollutants that may alter algal assemblages in receiving waters. It is unclear how mixtures containing potential algal growth stimulators and inhibitors (e.g., nutrients and herbicides) alter algal assemblage structure and function. In research presented here, algal biofilms were exposed to nutrients, atrazine, and their mixtures, and assemblage-level structural and functional changes were measured. Synchrotron infrared microspectroscopy (IMS) was used to isolate the biochemical changes within individual cells from a dominant species of a green alga (Mougeotia sp.), a diatom (Navicula sp.), and a cyanobacterium (Hapalosiphon sp.). At the assemblage level, mixtures generally increased algal biovolume, decreased chlorophyll a, and had no effect on metabolism or ammonium uptake. Navicula had a strong negative response to atrazine initially, but later was more affected by nutrients. Hapalosiphon responded positively to both atrazine and nutrients, and Mougeotia did not exhibit any biochemical trends. Generally, biochemical changes in each species were similar to cells experiencing low stress conditions, with increased relative protein and decreased relative lipid. IMS provided direct evidence that individual species in a natural biofilm can have unique responses to atrazine, nutrients, and mixtures. Results suggest that the initial benthic community composition should have a strong influence on the overall impact of agricultural pollutants.

show abstract

Section: Assemblage Structure and Functionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Macromolecular Response of Individual Algal Cells to Nutrient and Atrazine Mixtures within Biofilms

Murdock

Wetzel

2011

Microb Ecol

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The opportunity offered by ATR-FTIR to study the production of bioadhesives from complex biological species in real time, in vivo and in situ, has been clearly recognized by two recent reviews by Barlow & Wahl [41] and Petrone [42]. For example, ATR-FTIR has been successfully employed to identify the composition of adhesives from a range of biological species including barnacles [43], bacteria [44], diatoms [30], algae [29] and mussels [45].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In general, brown algal bioadhesives are a complex mixture of different organic compounds, including proteins, carbohydrates, glycoproteins, polyhydroxyphenols and metal ions, mutually interacting through cross-linked bonds as well as electrostatic forces and metal ion bridge complexes [30,[46][47][48][49][50]. Most of the organic compounds listed above have been associated with the adhesive simply because they are secreted after fertilization, even though the same compounds probably have other important physiological and ecological roles, e.g.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Different methods have been used to determine the structural characteristics as well as the chemical composition of biological adhesives from seaweed species, including optical [22,23] and electron microscopy (scanning electron microscopy (SEM) [24][25][26], environmental SEM [27] and transmission electron microscopy [23,28,29]), atomic force microscopy [30][31][32], quartz crystal microbalance with dissipation [33,34], zeta potential [35], energy dispersive X-ray (EDX) [29,30], chemical extraction [36,37], enzymatic assays [38,39], staining and labelling techniques [23,24,40] and infrared spectroscopy [29]. The preparation protocols as well as the testing procedure of most methods require specific conditions often harmful to the biological sample tested and in most cases lead to the death of the specimen, hence the information obtained is usually a snapshot of the sample at a certain point in time.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Microscopic and infrared spectroscopic comparison of the underwater adhesives produced by germlings of the brown seaweed speciesDurvillaea antarcticaandHormosira banksii

Dimartino

Savory

Fraser‐Miller

et al. 2016

J. R. Soc. Interface.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Adhesives from marine organisms are often the source of inspiration for the development of glues able to create durable bonds in wet environments. In this work, we investigated the adhesive secretions produced by germlings of two large seaweed species from the South Pacific, Durvillaea antarctica, also named 'the strongest kelp in the word', and its close relative Hormosira banksii. The comparative analysis was based on optical and scanning electron microscopy imaging as well as Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy and principal component analysis (PCA). For both species, the egg surface presents peripheral vesicles which are released soon after fertilization to discharge a primary adhesive. This is characterized by peaks representative of carbohydrate molecules. A secondary protein-based adhesive is then secreted in the early developmental stages of the germlings. Energy dispersive X-ray, FTIR and PCA indicate that D. antarctica secretions also contain sulfated moieties, and become cross-linked with time, both conferring strong adhesive and cohesive properties. On the other hand, H. banksii secretions are complemented by the putative adhesive phlorotannins, and are characterized by a simple mechanism in which all constituents are released with the same rate and with no apparent cross-linking. It is also noted that the release of adhesive materials appears to be faster and more copious in D. antarctica than in H. banksii. Overall, this study highlights that both quantity and quality of the adhesives matter in explaining the superior attachment ability of D. antarctica.

show abstract

“…Jones et al [47] suggested that calcium ions influence the cross-linkage of the algal spore adhesive since in vitro investigations demonstrated that the presence of alginate and/or calcium are essential to give strength to the spore adhesive. Chiovitti et al [48] found that the adhesive secretion of the biofouling diatom Toxarium undulatum is composed of sulphated glycoproteins cross-linked by both calcium and magnesium ions. Thus, these findings suggest the presence of anionic functionalities, such as phosphate, carboxylate and sulphate in the adhesive of settled algal spores.…”

Section: Sem Imaging and Edx Microanalysismentioning

confidence: 99%

In situ ATR-IR spectroscopic and electron microscopic analyses of settlement secretions of Undaria pinnatifida kelp spores

Petrone

Easingwood

Barker

et al. 2010

J. R. Soc. Interface.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Knowledge about the settlement of marine organisms on substrates is important for the development of environmentally benign new methods for control of marine biofouling. The adhesion to substrates by spores of Undaria pinnatifida, a kelp species that is invasive to several countries, was studied by scanning electron and transmission electron microscopies (SEM/TEM) as well as by in situ attenuated total reflection infrared (ATR-IR) spectroscopy. The IR spectra showed that adhesive secretion began approximately 15 min after initial settlement and that the adhesive bulk material contained protein and anionic polysaccharides. Energy dispersive X-ray microanalysis of the adhesive identified sulphur and phosphorus as well as calcium and magnesium ions, which facilitate the gelation of the anionic polysaccharides in the sea water. The adhesive may be secreted from Golgi bodies in the spore, which were imaged by TEM of spore thin sections. Additionally, an in situ settlement study on TiO 2 particle film by ATR-IR spectroscopy revealed the presence of phosphorylated moieties directly binding the substrate. The presence of anionic groups dominating the adhesive suggests that inhibition of spore adhesion will be favoured by negatively charged surfaces.

show abstract

Divalent cations stabilize the aggregation of sulfated glycoproteins in the adhesive nanofibers of the biofouling diatom Toxarium undulatum

Cited by 33 publications

References 61 publications

Macromolecular Response of Individual Algal Cells to Nutrient and Atrazine Mixtures within Biofilms

Macromolecular Response of Individual Algal Cells to Nutrient and Atrazine Mixtures within Biofilms

Microscopic and infrared spectroscopic comparison of the underwater adhesives produced by germlings of the brown seaweed speciesDurvillaea antarcticaandHormosira banksii

In situ ATR-IR spectroscopic and electron microscopic analyses of settlement secretions of Undaria pinnatifida kelp spores

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About