Diuron in Surface Runoff and Tile Drainage from Two Grass‐Seed Fields

Abstract

The typical method of cool-season grass-seed production in Mediterranean climates briefly exposes surface waters to potentially high concentrations of the herbicide diuron [3-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)-1,1-dimethyl urea] during the initial season of growth. To better understand the process, and the degree, of diuron transport from agricultural fields, two grass-seed fields in the Willamette Valley of Oregon were monitored for diuron loss in surface runoff and tile drainage during the first wet season after planting. Initial diuron concentrations in surface runoff were high (>1000 microg L(-1) in one field and >100 microg L(-1) in the other), though they decreased by two orders of magnitude by the end of the season. Concentrations in the tile drains were as much as 1000 times lower than in the surface runoff during the first few weeks of runoff events, and they remained lower than surface water concentrations throughout the season. Total losses in surface runoff were between 1.3 and 3% of the amount applied-much higher than losses via the tile drains. It is also shown by means of a simple first-order decay model that, when little information is available, it may be best to describe diuron depletion in runoff water as a function of cumulative rainfall during the wet season.

The environmental fate of diuron under a conventional production regime in a sugarcane farm during the plant cane phase

“…Biotic processes of soil degradation also influenced the speciation of compounds in the runoff by the evidence of diuron and DCPMU as the largest loadings in the two runoff events. The absence of diuron in runoff during the second event was consistent with other field runoff studies, where, under shorter timeframes, its diminution in runoff approached concentrations of 1 µg L −1 7–9. DCMPU showed a large temporal increase in runoff concentration that was not consistent with trends for diuron.…”

“…By the average concentrations of detected compounds and total volumes in the runoff events, their estimated total loadings were 2.6% of applied diuron. Other studies calculated maximum losses of applied diuron that were between 0.7 and 1.7% in cultivated and uncultivated blocks of vineyard,7 between 1.3 and 3% under perennial pasture production8 and 2.2% from a mixed agricultural catchment 10. The application of diuron in the sugarcane farming catchments of coastal Queensland was estimated as 197 000 kg diuron ha −1 year −1 in 1996 18.…”

“…The presence of this herbicide in surface and groundwater in several agricultural regions has been confirmed in a few studies. The loading of diuron into surface runoff occurred following application in vineyards in southern France,7 forage production in Oregon, USA,8, 9 and assorted agricultural and horticultural catchments in northern Greece 10…”

Photocatalytic degradation of diuron in aqueous solution by platinized TiO2

“…Revitt et al [6] detected concentrations of this compound as high as 238.4 mg L −1 in urban runoff after a storm event. Determination of herbicides in highway runoff showed diuron concentration up to 10.78 mg L −1 [7,8].…”

Distribution of ?Molnia? Pesticide Along Soil Profile and its Influence On Soil Organisms

“…Many works were devoted to study of pesticide leaching process in soil. It was demonstrated that leaching behavior of pesticides depends on irrigation or rainfall amounts and their time distribution, chemical characteristics of pesticide and properties of soil [15][16][17][18] . According to Tiktak with co-authors (2012), leaching of pesticides can be linked with soil macropore system which, in its turn, is connected with organic matter and clay content 19 .…”