Diurnal, Weekly, and Long-Time Variation in Serum Concentrations of YKL-40 in Healthy Subjects

Abstract

Serum YKL-40 is a potential biomarker of prognosis in cancer patients, but assessment of serum YKL-40 requires knowledge of its normal variation. In this study, we evaluated diurnal, weekly, and long-term variation in serum YKL-40 in healthy subjects using a commercial ELISA. The intra-assay coefficient of variation was V5.0% and interassay V10.2%. Systematic changes in diurnal measurements of serum YKL-40 could not be shown. Physical exercise for 20 min had no effect on serum YKL-40. The within-subject coefficient of variation, including variation over time and interassay, was 28.8% and 30.2% over a period of 2 and 3 years, and the intraclass correlation coefficients were 72.4% and 72.2%, indicating reasonable reliability of serum YKL-40 measurements. The 95% confidence limits for the difference between two measurements (same subject), including interassay variation, were a 52% reduction and a 109% increase in serum YKL-40. These studies show that relatively small variation is found in serum YKL-40 in healthy subjects. However, a single measurement of serum YKL-40 from an individual may not have a prognostic value, and serum YKL-40 alone cannot be a good biomarker for cancer because serum YKL-40 can be elevated in patients with other diseases characterized by inflammation and tissue remodeling.

The influence of statin treatment on the inflammatory biomarkers YKL-40 and HsCRP in patients with stable coronary artery disease

“…The healthy subjects did not experience any clinical symptoms or signs of disease, and were not taking any medicine [6]. The control group was younger than the test population with a mean age of 47 ± 17 years and 55% were women.…”

“…The control group was younger than the test population with a mean age of 47 ± 17 years and 55% were women. The control group had a median serum YKL-40 level of 43 lg/l (interquartile range 32-61 lg/l) [6]. The study was performed in accordance with the Helsinki Declaration and was approved by the local scientific ethical committee (01-128/03 and H-A-2008-117).…”

“…YKL-40 is a new potential biomarker of inflammation in CAD patients which is expressed by several cell types of the immune system [5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15]. YKL-40 is also secreted by vascular smooth muscle cells [12,16], cancer cells [17] and arthritic chondrocytes [18] and is not a disease specific inflammatory biomarker.…”

YKL‐40: The Search for New Biomarkers in Rheumatoid Arthritis

“…Johansen proposed serum YKL-40 concentration higher than 20% to be considered as elevated [32]. Published levels of YKL-40 in healthy individuals difer among populations [33][34][35] and are shown in Table 1. We could speculate that divergent YKL-40 levels could be explained with diferences in sample collection and assays, genetic polymorphisms, or even epigenetics.…”

Potential role of chitinase 3-like-1 in inflammationassociated carcinogenic changes of epithelial cells

“…Head and neck [18,22,62] Lung cancer (small cell carcinoma) Lung [133,134] Breast cancer Breast Colorectal cancer Colon [20,132] Kidney tumor Kidney [132,142,143] Hepatocellular carcinoma Liver [21,66] Ovarian tumor, endometrial cancer Ovary [55][56][57][58][59][60][61]133,138,139] Primary prostate cancer Prostate [23,63,144] Metastatic prostate cancer Papilloma thyroid carcinoma, thyroid tumor Thyroid [136,145] Extracellular myxoidchondrosarcoma Bone [146] Multiple myeloma Bone marrow [147,148] Hodgkin's lymphoma Lymph node [65] Malignant melanoma Melanocyte [18,64] Myxoid liposarcoma Fat cells [146] 5252 ISSN 1007-9327 CN 14-1219/R World J Gastroenterol November 14, 2009 Volume 15 Number 42…”