Diurnal variations of renal activity in goats

Muszczynski, Z.; Skotnicka, E.; Jankowiak, Dorota

doi:10.3906/vet-1501-2

Cited by 4 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…However, urinary excretion methods are not ideal as urine collection in animals is cumbersome, prone to errors and may require temporary sedation of animals for insertion of an indwelling urinary catheter. In goats, only inulin excretion methods were used [ 26 , 27 , 28 , 29 , 30 , 31 , 32 ]. In sheep, which resemble goats, a method for measurement of iohexol plasma clearance was developed, which is based on seven blood samples, whereas our method requires only three blood samples [ 31 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Simplified Iohexol-Based Method for Measurement of Glomerular Filtration Rate in Goats and Pigs

Gelder

Stevens

Pieters

et al. 2021

Biology

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The preclinical evaluation of novel therapies for chronic kidney disease requires a simple method for the assessment of kidney function in a uremic large animal model. An intravenous bolus of iohexol was administered to goats (13 measurements in n = 3 goats) and pigs (23 measurements in n = 5 pigs) before and after induction of kidney failure, followed by frequent blood sampling up to 1440 min. Plasma clearance (CL) was estimated by a nonlinear mixed-effects model (CLNLME) and by a one-compartmental pharmacokinetic disposition model using iohexol plasma concentrations during the terminal elimination phase (CL1CMT). A simple method (CLSM) for the calculation of plasma clearance was developed based on the most appropriate relationship between CLNLME and CL1CMT. CLSM and CLNLME showed good agreement (CLNLME/CLSM ratio: 1.00 ± 0.07; bias: 0.03 ± 1.64 mL/min; precision CLSM and CLNLME: 80.9% and 80.7%, respectively; the percentage of CLSM estimates falling within ±30% (P30) or ±10% (P10) of CLNLME: 53% and 12%, respectively). For mGFRNLME vs. mGFRSM, bias was −0.25 ± 2.24 and precision was 49.2% and 53.6%, respectively, P30 and P10 for mGFR based on CLSM were 71% and 24%, respectively. A simple method for measurement of GFR in healthy and uremic goats and pigs was successfully developed, which eliminates the need for continuous infusion of an exogenous marker, urine collection and frequent blood sampling.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Simplified Iohexol-Based Method for Measurement of Glomerular Filtration Rate in Goats and Pigs

Gelder

Stevens

Pieters

et al. 2021

Biology

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“…It is known that protein intake leads to renal hyper-perfusion and plasma hyperfiltration in the renal glomerulus, so that it can enhance urine formation [25,53]. The possibility of higher plasma filtration in the kidneys of animals after feeding and protein intake can explain the filtered tubular load of creatinine and PD, thus increasing their urinary excretion [24,[53][54][55][56].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The endogenous creatinine clearance can be used to measure the glomerular filtration rate, which is an indicator of kidney function [24,25]. Hence, the decrease of creatinine clearance could indicate that the renal activity in the lambs was affected by the diets with peach palm meal.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Activation of NPY receptors in the brain increases feeding intake and may affect kidney function, causing a vasoconstrictor effect on the renal vasculature and a decrease in renal blood flow [17][18][19][20][21][22][23]. Renal activity in animals can be evaluated with the use of clearance methods, in which endogenous creatinine can be used as a testing substance to determine the level of glomerular filtration [23][24][25].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Creatinine as a Urinary Marker of the Purine Derivatives Excretion in Urine Spot Samples of Lambs Fed Peach Palm Meal

Pereira

Carvalho

et al. 2022

Animals

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The objective was to evaluate the influence of diets on lambs using different levels of peach palm meal as a replacement for maize (0, 10, 40, 60, and 85% of diet dry matter) on the endogenous creatinine clearance (CC), urine concentration ratio of purine derivatives to creatinine (PDC index), and daily creatinine excretion (DCE) as a marker to estimate purine derivatives (PD) excretion from urinary spot samples collected at different time points (4, 8, 12, 16, 20, 24 h after morning feeding) compared to 24-h total urine collection. The measured parameters were voluntary intake, urinary volume, CC, DCE, the concentration of plasma creatinine, and PD and purine derivatives’ excretion (PDE). Five lambs were allocated to metabolic cages and distributed in a 5 × 5 Latin square. Urine collection was taken daily on days 16 to 19 of each experimental period. The inclusion of peach palm meal linearly reduced the intake of dry matter (g kg BW−0.75, p = 0.005), crude protein (g kg BW−0.75, p = 0.010), metabolizable energy (MJ kg BW−0.75, p = 0.010) and CC (p < 0.0001). It also quadratically affected the urinary volume (p = 0.008) and DCE (p = 0.004). There was a linear decrease for PDC index (p = 0.032) and PDE (p < 0.0001) measured in the 24-h total urine with peach palm meal levels. The different times of spot urine sampling did not affect (p > 0.05) the PDC index and PDE. Peach palm meal decreases the CC thereby compromising the use of a mean value of DCE as a PDE marker in spot urine samples. There is greater accuracy when using different values of DCE obtained for each diet as markers for the PDE in spot urine samples. Unconventional foodstuffs of low palatability affecting the voluntary intake of feed change the renal function.

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“…These differences can be attributed to the day-night diurnal variations in renal activity in both sheep and goats, which may reflect diuresis changing. The changes in final urine composition generally occur because of circadian glomerular filtration variations, reabsorption, and secretion processes in nephrons (Muszczyński et al, 2015). According to Skotnicka et al (2007), the amount of excreted in urine in mammals is lower at night than when they are active during the day, which would justify higher urinary creatinine concentrations at night than in the daytime.…”

Section: Purine Derivatives Creatinine Urea Pd:c and U:c Ratiosmentioning

confidence: 99%

A comparative study on the excretion of urinary metabolites in goats and sheep to evaluate spot sampling applied to protein nutrition trials

Santos

Carvalho

et al. 2018

Journal of Animal Science

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The main objective of this study was to establish a protocol to validate urine spot samples to estimate N excretion and microbial synthesis in goat and sheep; and to study factors that affect daily creatinine and purine derivatives (PD) urinary excretion. Also a performance trial was carried out to compare goat and sheep slaughtered after different feedlot periods. Twelve Boer goats (20.6 kg ± 3.4 initial BW) and 12 Dorper sheep (18.4 kg ± 2.3 initial BW), all 4-mo-old, males, were used. Eight animals (4 goats and 4 sheep) were randomly allocated to be slaughtered at 28, 56, and 84 d in feedlot. The experiment was conducted in a completely randomized design in a 2 × 3 factorial scheme, in which the factors were both species and the 3 feedlot periods. Diet consisted of 50% sorghum silage and 50% concentrate on a DM basis. Nutrient intake was higher (P < 0.01) for sheep than goats. Apparent digestibility of nutrients was similar (P > 0.05) in both species. Sheep had greater (P < 0.01) ADG and final BW than goats. Fat deposition and fat:muscle ratio was higher (P < 0.01) in sheep carcasses. Sheep had higher N urinary (P = 0.02) excretion and N retention (g/d; P < 0.01) than goats. Urinary N excretion increased linearly (P < 0.01) in response to feedlot period. However, feedlot did not affect (P = 0.20) N retention, but linearly reduced the relationship between N retained and ingested (P = 0.04) or apparently digested (P < 0.01). Microbial efficiency (P > 0.05) did not differ between species. Creatinine excretion (C mg/d; P < 0.01) was higher in sheep than goats. Purine derivatives (Ŷ) were related closely with OM intake (Ŷ = 0.013±0.0007X; r2 = 94). A difference (P < 0.01) was found between the allometric model for creatinine excretion (Ŷ) and muscle weight (X) for both species, and the following equations were obtained: Ŷ = 89.04(±31.44)X0.9797(±0.16) for goats and Ŷ = 109.8(±47.50)X0.8002(±0.20) for sheep. Creatinine concentration was greater during nocturnal than diurnal periods, with lower diurnal fluctuations. Sampling time did not affect (P = 0.27) the PD:C ratio. The urea (U):C ratio was higher (P < 0.01) in sheep than goats, and was also higher (P < 0.01) during diurnal than nocturnal sampling periods. Our results suggest that it is necessary to take 2 and 3 spot urine samples after feeding to estimate N compounds excretions in goats and sheep, respectively.

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Diurnal variations of renal activity in goats

Cited by 4 publications

References 15 publications

Simplified Iohexol-Based Method for Measurement of Glomerular Filtration Rate in Goats and Pigs

Simplified Iohexol-Based Method for Measurement of Glomerular Filtration Rate in Goats and Pigs

Creatinine as a Urinary Marker of the Purine Derivatives Excretion in Urine Spot Samples of Lambs Fed Peach Palm Meal

A comparative study on the excretion of urinary metabolites in goats and sheep to evaluate spot sampling applied to protein nutrition trials

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