Diurnal variations of polar organic tracers in summer forest aerosols: A case study of a Quercus and Picea mixed forest in Hokkaido, Japan

Fu, Pingqing; Kawamura, Kimitaka

doi:10.2343/geochemj.1.0123

Cited by 46 publications

(35 citation statements)

References 74 publications

(90 reference statements)

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“…The estimated isoprene-SOC concentrations ranged from 13.6 to 717 ng m −3 (179 ng m −3 ) in summer and 18.6 to 242 ng m −3 (77.7 ng m −3 ) in spring, which are slightly lower than those (10-2190 ng m −3 ) reported in urban and rural sites in the Pearl River delta region (Hu et al, 2008;Ding et al, 2012) and those (160-1120 ng m −3 , mean 540 ng m −3 ) in summertime aerosols from a Quercus and Picea mixed forest in northern Japan (Fu and Kawamura, 2011). Nevertheless, our results are similar to those (0-1380 ng m −3 , 250 ng m −3 ) reported in Research Triangle Park, NC, in 2006 (Offenberg et al, 2011), and also similar to those reported at the ground surface in China.…”

Section: Vertical Distributions Of Poa and Soa Tracersmentioning

confidence: 45%

Aircraft measurements of polar organic tracer compounds in tropospheric particles (PM<sub>10</sub>) over central China

Kawamura

Cheng

et al. 2014

Atmos. Chem. Phys.

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Abstract. Atmospheric aerosol samples were collected by aircraft at low to middle altitudes (0.8-3.5 km a.g.l.) over central East to West China during summer 2003 and spring 2004. The samples were analyzed for polar organic compounds using a technique of solvent extraction/BSTFA derivatization/gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Biogenic secondary organic aerosol (SOA) tracers from the oxidation of isoprene were found to be more abundant in summer (3.3-138 ng m −3 , mean 39 ng m −3 ) than in spring (3.2-42 ng m −3 , 15 ng m −3 ), while α/β-pinene and β-caryophyllene SOA tracers showed similar abundances between these two seasons. A strong positive correlation (R 2 = 0.83) between levoglucosan and β-caryophyllinic acid was found in the spring samples vs. a weak correlation (R 2 = 0.17) in the summer samples, implying substantial contributions from biomass burning to the β-caryophyllinic acid production in spring. Two organic nitrogen species (oxamic acid and carbamide) were detected in the aircraft aerosol samples, and their concentrations were comparable to those of biogenic SOA tracers. Most of the primary organic aerosol (POA) and SOA tracers were less abundant at higher altitudes, suggesting they are of ground surface origin, either being directly emitted from anthropogenic/natural sources on the ground surface, or rapidly formed through photooxidation of their precursors emitted from the ground surface and then diluted during uplifting into the troposphere. This study demonstrates that primary biological aerosols, biogenic SOA, and organic nitrogen species are important components of organic aerosols in the troposphere over central China during warm seasons.

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Section: Vertical Distributions Of Poa and Soa Tracersmentioning

confidence: 45%

Aircraft measurements of polar organic tracer compounds in tropospheric particles (PM<sub>10</sub>) over central China

Kawamura

Cheng

et al. 2014

Atmos. Chem. Phys.

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“…They interpreted the diurnal distributions by photochemical production. On the other hand, Fu and Kawamura (2011) found a strong diurnal variation in the distributions of isoprene oxidation products in forest aerosols collected every 4 h during summer in Hokkaido, Japan but no such trends were detected in the oxidation products of /-pinene and -caryophyllene. Warneke et al (2004) reported diurnal variations in mixing ratios of isoprene, monoterpenes, and aromatics in the marine atmosphere along the coast of New England and interpreted the results as their emissions and the abundance of the oxidants.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…Further the oxidation products of isoprene, such as methacrolein and methyl vinyl ketone, also react mostly with OH radicals (see Table S1; Atkinson, 1984;1994). Fu and Kawamura (2011) found a strong diurnal variation of the isoprene oxidation products in forest aerosols. Hence, clear diurnal variations in the distributions of OA and good relations with temperature (and radiation) in Sapporo aerosols are very likely on 9 and 10 August.…”

Section: Influence Of Long-range Transport On Diurnal Variations Of Omentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In contrast, Pavuluri et al (2010) reported a weak daytime maximum in diacid-C/TC in tropical Indian aerosols, which might be influenced by mixing of primary emissions along the transport pathway. In order to better understand the day-and night-time chemistry of atmospheric aerosols, time-resolved studies on both inorganic and organic aerosols are needed, however, such studies are very limited (Kawamura and Yasui, 2005;Fu and Kawamura, 2011). In particular, the plausible influence of different sources on diurnal distributions of OA is not yet understood at molecular levels.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Time-resolved variations in the distributions of inorganic ions, carbonaceous components, dicarboxylic acids and related compounds in atmospheric aerosols from Sapporo, northern Japan during summertime

Pavuluri

Kawamura

Kikuta

et al. 2012

Atmospheric Environment

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To better understand time-resolved variations of water-soluble organic aerosols in the atmosphere, we collected atmospheric particles (TSP) every 3 h during summertime (8-10 August, 2005) in Sapporo, northern Japan. We measured inorganic ions, carbonaceous components, dicarboxylic acids, ketoacids and α-dicarbonyls in TSP. SO4^[2-] was found as the most abundant ionic species (57 ± 9% of total ions determined) followed by NH4+ and NO3-. However, none of the ionic species showed any diurnal trend throughout the campaign. Organic carbon (OC) ranged from 2.1 to 12.1 μg m^[-3] whereas elemental carbon (EC) was negligible in most of the samples (0.31 ± 0.56 μg m^[-3]). Oxalic (C2) acid was the most abundant diacid species, followed by malonic (C3) and succinic (C4) acids. Water-soluble OC (WSOC), water-insoluble OC (WIOC) and OC as well as dominant diacids (C2-C4), total diacids, ketoacids and α-dicarbonyls did not show diurnal trend on 8 August, but they showed clear diurnal distributions during 9-10 August following the changes in ambient temperature (and radiation). Detailed analyses of time-resolved aerosols demonstrate that diurnal variations of organic aerosol compositions are caused by local in situ photochemical production, but are significantly superimposed by long-range atmospheric transport of aerosols, particularly when the air masses are enriched with emissions from higher plants and/or biomass burning, and their photochemical processing during the transport

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“…For the determination of levoglucosan and mannosan (specific biomass-burning tracers derived from the pyrolysis of cellulose and hemicellulose; Simoneit et al, 1999), the filter samples were analysed by the method described in Fu and Kawamura (2011). Briefly, a portion of each filter (1.54 cm 2 ) was extracted with dichloromethane/methanol (2 : 1; v / v) under ultrasonication.…”

Section: Levoglucosan and Mannosanmentioning

confidence: 99%

Contributions of biomass/biofuel burning to organic aerosols and particulate matter in Tanzania, East Africa, based on analyses of ionic species, organic and elemental carbon, levoglucosan and mannosan

2013

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Abstract. Atmospheric aerosol samples of PM 2.5 and PM 10 were collected at a rural site in Tanzania, East Africa, in 2011 during wet and dry seasons and were analysed for carbonaceous components, levoglucosan, mannosan and watersoluble inorganic ions. The contributions of biomass/biofuel burning to the organic carbon (OC) and particulate matter (PM) mass were estimated to be 46-52 % and 8-13 %, respectively. The mean mass concentrations of PM 2.5 and PM 10 were 28 ± 6 µg m −3 and 47 ± 8 µg m −3 in wet season, and 39 ± 10 µg m −3 and 61 ± 19µg m −3 in dry season, respectively. Total carbon (TC) accounted for 16-19 % of the PM 2.5 mass and 13-15 % of the PM 10 mass. On average, 86 to 89 % of TC in PM 2.5 and 87 to 90 % of TC in PM 10 was OC, of which 67-72 % and 63 % was found to be water-soluble organic carbon (WSOC) in PM 2.5 and PM 10 , respectively. We found that concentrations of levoglucosan and mannosan (specific organic tracers of pyrolysis of cellulose) well correlated with non-sea-salt potassium (nss-K + ) (r 2 = 0.56-0.75), OC (r 2 = 0.75-0.96) and WSOC (r 2 = 0.52-0.78). The K + / OC ratios varied from 0.06 to 0.36 in PM 2.5 and from 0.03 to 0.36 in PM 10 with slightly higher ratios in dry season. Mean percent ratios of levoglucosan and mannosan to OC were found to be 3-4 % for PM 2.5 and PM 10 in both seasons. We found lower levoglucosan / K + ratios and higher K + / EC (elemental carbon) ratios in the biomass-burning aerosols from Tanzania than those reported from other regions. This feature is consistent with the high levels of potassium reported in the soils of Morogoro, Tanzania, suggesting an importance of direct emission of potassium by soil resuspension although K + is present mostly in fine particles. It is also likely that biomass burning of vegetation of Tanzania emits high levels of potassium that may be enriched in plant tissues. The present study demonstrates that emissions from mixed biomass-and biofuel-burning activities largely influence the air quality in Tanzania.

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Diurnal variations of polar organic tracers in summer forest aerosols: A case study of a Quercus and Picea mixed forest in Hokkaido, Japan

Cited by 46 publications

References 74 publications

Aircraft measurements of polar organic tracer compounds in tropospheric particles (PM<sub>10</sub>) over central China

Aircraft measurements of polar organic tracer compounds in tropospheric particles (PM<sub>10</sub>) over central China

Time-resolved variations in the distributions of inorganic ions, carbonaceous components, dicarboxylic acids and related compounds in atmospheric aerosols from Sapporo, northern Japan during summertime

Contributions of biomass/biofuel burning to organic aerosols and particulate matter in Tanzania, East Africa, based on analyses of ionic species, organic and elemental carbon, levoglucosan and mannosan

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Diurnal variations of polar organic tracers in summer forest aerosols: A case study of a Quercus and Picea mixed forest in Hokkaido, Japan

Cited by 46 publications

References 74 publications

Aircraft measurements of polar organic tracer compounds in tropospheric particles (PM&lt;sub&gt;10&lt;/sub&gt;) over central China

Aircraft measurements of polar organic tracer compounds in tropospheric particles (PM&lt;sub&gt;10&lt;/sub&gt;) over central China

Time-resolved variations in the distributions of inorganic ions, carbonaceous components, dicarboxylic acids and related compounds in atmospheric aerosols from Sapporo, northern Japan during summertime

Contributions of biomass/biofuel burning to organic aerosols and particulate matter in Tanzania, East Africa, based on analyses of ionic species, organic and elemental carbon, levoglucosan and mannosan

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Aircraft measurements of polar organic tracer compounds in tropospheric particles (PM<sub>10</sub>) over central China

Aircraft measurements of polar organic tracer compounds in tropospheric particles (PM<sub>10</sub>) over central China