Diurnal variations in polyunsaturated fatty acid contents and expression of genes involved in their de novo synthesis in pigs

Zhou, Xin; Wan, Dan; Zhang, Yumei; Zhang, Yiming; Long, Cimin; Chen, Shuai; He, Liuqin; Tan, Bin; Wu, Xin; Yin, Yulong

doi:10.1016/j.bbrc.2016.12.126

Cited by 18 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…In the present study, the decreased glucose and triglyceride levels may have resulted from the inhibitory effects of miRNA-10a-5p on hepatic expression of the genes involved in lipid synthesis and gluconeogenesis [ 14 ]. Furthermore, we confirmed that glucose and triglyceride levels in the serum of mice showed daily variations, as reported in previous studies [ 7 , 20 ], and miRNA-10a-5p reestablished the triglyceride diurnal rhythm that was disrupted by HFD intake. However, the glucose diurnal rhythm was altered by HFD, in contrast to that in a previous study [ 7 ], and miRNA-10a-5p did not restore the diurnal rhythm of glucose level.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

miRNA-10a-5p Alleviates Insulin Resistance and Maintains Diurnal Patterns of Triglycerides and Gut Microbiota in High-Fat Diet-Fed Mice

Guo

Zhu

Zeng

et al. 2020

Mediators of Inflammation

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miRNA-10a is rhythmically expressed and regulates genes involved in lipid and glucose metabolism. However, the effects of miRNA-10a on obesity and glucose intolerance, as well as on the diurnal pattern of expression of circadian clock genes, remain unknown. We explored the effects of miRNA-10a-5p on insulin resistance and on the diurnal patterns of serum triglycerides and gut microbiota in high-fat diet- (HFD-) fed mice. The results showed that oral administration of miRNA-10a-5p significantly prevented body weight gain and improved glucose tolerance and insulin sensitivity in HFD-fed mice. Administration of miRNA-10a-5p also maintained the diurnal rhythm of Clock, Per2, and Cry1 expression, as well as serum glucose and triglyceride levels. Surprisingly, the diurnal oscillations of three genera of microbes, Oscillospira, Ruminococcus, and Lachnospiraceae, disrupted by HFD feeding, maintained by administration of miRNA-10a-5p. Moreover, a strong positive correlation was found between hepatic Clock expression and relative abundance of Lachnospiraceae, both in control mice (r=0.877) and in mice administered miRNA-10a-5p (r=0.853). Furthermore, we found that along with changes in Lachnospiraceae abundance, butyrate content in the feces maintained a diurnal rhythm after miRNA-10a-5p administration in HFD-fed mice. In conclusion, we suggest that miRNA-10a-5p may improve HFD-induced glucose intolerance and insulin resistance through the modulation of the diurnal rhythm of Lachnospiraceae and its metabolite butyrate. Therefore, miRNA-10a-5p may have preventative properties in subjects with metabolic disorders.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

miRNA-10a-5p Alleviates Insulin Resistance and Maintains Diurnal Patterns of Triglycerides and Gut Microbiota in High-Fat Diet-Fed Mice

Guo

Zhu

Zeng

et al. 2020

Mediators of Inflammation

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“…Our previous study demonstrated that feeding a high protein meal in the morning and a gradually reduced CP content in meals during the day affected lipid metabolism in barrows 10 . In addition, we found that long chain fatty acid contents in plasma and liver both exhibited diurnal rhythms in growing pigs 13 . Therefore, this study investigated the effects of different feeding sequences on milk production, the lipid profiles of sows, and growth performance of their offspring.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 76%

A Maternal Two-meal Feeding Sequence with Varying Crude Protein Affects Milk Lipid Profile in A Sow-Piglet Model

Xie

Guo³

et al. 2017

Sci Rep

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The effects of a two-meal feeding sequence on production performance and milk lipid profile were investigated. Sixty pregnant sows (d 85 of gestation) were assigned to 3 groups: 2 C group (fed a control crude protein [CP] diet at 0600 and 1500 daily), LH group (fed a low CP diet and a high CP diet at 0600 and 1500), or HL group (fed a high CP diet and a low CP diet at 0600 and 1500). Reproductive performance of sows, and lipid profiles of plasma and milk were measured. Results showed that the HL feeding sequence dramatically increased average piglet weight/litter, average daily gain of piglet/litter, and milk production of sows. LH feeding sequence increased milk fat proportion, and HL feeding sequence significantly increased the proportion of milk MUFA on d 14 and 21 of lactation. Interestingly, the HL feeding sequence also reduced the ratio of C18:1cis/C18:1trans in milk, which may account for the greater milk production of sows and growth performance of piglets during lactation. These findings indicated that both the maternal two-meal feeding sequences with varying crude protein improved milk production and milk lipid profiles of sows, which might contribute to improving growth performance of piglets.

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“…Whereas circadian clocks have been intensively studied in humans and mice, little is known about the mechanisms by which these clocks respond to external stimuli in domestic species. Zhou et al (2017) showed that long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acid levels in plasma and liver as well as the hepatic mRNA levels of lipid genes (i.e., FADS1, FADS2, ELOVL2 , and ELOVL5 ) exhibit diurnal rhythms in pigs. Recently, we compared the patterns of skeletal muscle expression of sows that fasted 12 h before slaughtering (T0) vs. sows that were fed 5 h (T1) and 7 h (T2) before slaughtering ( Cardoso et al, 2017 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysing the Expression of Eight Clock Genes in Five Tissues From Fasting and Fed Sows

et al. 2018

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In a previous study, we observed that circadian clock genes are differentially expressed in the skeletal muscle of fasting and fed sows. The goal of the current work was to investigate if these genes are also differentially expressed in tissues containing the central (hypothalamus) and peripheral (duodenum, dorsal fat, muscle, and liver) clocks. As animal material, we used 12 sows that fasted 12 h before slaughtering (T0) and 12 sows that were fed ad libitum 7 h prior slaughtering (T2). Tissue samples were collected immediately after slaughter and total RNA was subsequently extracted. The expression of the ARNTL, BHLHE40, CRY2, NPAS2, NR1D1, PER1, PER2, and SIK1 genes was measured by quantitative reverse transcription PCR. The numbers of clock genes showing differential expression before and after feeding varied depending on the tissue i.e., four in dorsal fat and duodenum, six in skeletal muscle, and seven in the liver. In contrast, none of the eight analysed genes displayed a significant differential expression in hypothalamus, the tissue where the central clock resides. This result supports that the differential expression of clock genes in the four tissues mentioned above is probably induced by nutrition and not by the central clock entrained by light. Moreover, we have observed that the NPAS2 and ARNTL genes display positive log2(FC) values in the five tissues under analysis, whilst the CRY2, PER1 (except dorsal fat) and PER2 (except hypothalamus) genes generally show negative log2(FC) values. Such result might be explained by the existence of a negative feedback loop between the ARNTL/NPAS2 and CRY/PER genes. Collectively, these results support that nutrition plays an important role in modulating the timing of porcine peripheral circadian clocks. Such regulation could be essential for coordinating the subsequent metabolic response to nutrient supply.

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Diurnal variations in polyunsaturated fatty acid contents and expression of genes involved in their de novo synthesis in pigs

Cited by 18 publications

References 22 publications

miRNA-10a-5p Alleviates Insulin Resistance and Maintains Diurnal Patterns of Triglycerides and Gut Microbiota in High-Fat Diet-Fed Mice

miRNA-10a-5p Alleviates Insulin Resistance and Maintains Diurnal Patterns of Triglycerides and Gut Microbiota in High-Fat Diet-Fed Mice

A Maternal Two-meal Feeding Sequence with Varying Crude Protein Affects Milk Lipid Profile in A Sow-Piglet Model

Analysing the Expression of Eight Clock Genes in Five Tissues From Fasting and Fed Sows

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