Diurnal variation of the human adipose transcriptome and the link to metabolic disease

Loboda, Andrey; Kraft, Walter K.; Fine, Bernard M.; Joseph, Jeffrey I.; Nebozhyn, Michael; Zhang, Chunsheng; He, Yudong; Yang, Xia; Wright, C. David; Morris, Mark; Chalikonda, Ira; Ferguson, Mark D.; Emilsson, Valur; Leonardson, Amy; Lamb, John; Dai, Hongyue; Schadt, Eric E.; Greenberg, Howard E.; Lum, Pek Yee

doi:10.1186/1755-8794-2-7

Cited by 101 publications

(74 citation statements)

References 53 publications

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“…[19][20][21][22][23][24] In line with this, several hundreds of genes display a diurnal expression rhythm in the adipose tissue of rodent 4,17,25,26 and human, 21 some of which are involved in core adipose functions such as lipolysis, adipogenesis, and metabolic inflammation (detailed genes are specified in Figure 2). 18,21,25 The role of the circadian clock machinery in adipocyte physiology has been described in both in vitro and in animal studies. Knockdown of the clock genes, either Bmal1 or Rev-Erbα, in cells inhibits adipocyte differentiation while mutations of two other clock components, Per2 or retinoid orphan receptor α (RORα), increase adipogenesis.…”

Section: Adipose Tissue Circadian Clocksmentioning

confidence: 97%

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Circadian rhythms and clocks in adipose tissues: current insights

Kiehn¹,

Koch²,

Walter³

et al. 2017

CPT

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Section: Adipose Tissue Circadian Clocksmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…21 Furthermore, diurnal oscillations of serum IL-6 are well documented in humans, 127,128 but the situation is less clear in rodents. 125,126,95 To which extent these adipose-derived cytokine oscillations contribute to metabolic inflammatory processes (see the following text) remains to be explored.…”

Section: Adipokine Rhythmsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Circadian rhythms and clocks in adipose tissues: current insights

Kiehn¹,

Koch²,

Walter³

et al. 2017

CPT

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“…In addition, SCN-lesion studies showed this variation in endocrine responses to be dependent on a functional SCN (41) . Although it is clear that the SCN plays a key role in the regulation of glucose metabolism, circadian oscillators are not only localised in the SCN, but also in other brain regions and peripheral tissues involved in energy metabolism, including the pancreas (57) , gut (58)(59)(60) , liver (61)(62)(63) , skeletal muscle (64) and adipose tissue (65)(66)(67)(68) . Peripheral clocks do not receive light input directly, but are synchronised by the SCN.…”

Section: Suprachiasmatic Nuclei Regulates Food Intake and Glucose Metmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nutrition in the spotlight: metabolic effects of environmental light

et al. 2016

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Use of artificial light resulted in relative independence from the natural light-dark (LD) cycle, allowing human subjects to shift the timing of food intake and work to convenient times. However, the increase in artificial light exposure parallels the increase in obesity prevalence. Light is the dominant Zeitgeber for the central circadian clock, which resides within the hypothalamic suprachiasmatic nucleus, and coordinates daily rhythm in feeding behaviour and metabolism. Eating during inappropriate light conditions may result in metabolic disease via changes in the biological clock. In this review, we describe the physiological role of light in the circadian timing system and explore the interaction between the circadian timing system and metabolism. Furthermore, we discuss the acute and chronic effects of artificial light exposure on food intake and energy metabolism in animals and human subjects. We propose that living in synchrony with the natural daily LD cycle promotes metabolic health and increased exposure to artificial light at inappropriate times of day has adverse effects on metabolism, feeding behaviour and body weight regulation. Reducing the negative side effects of the extensive use of artificial light in human subjects might be useful in the prevention of metabolic disease.Artificial light: Circadian: Glucose metabolism: Obesity Changes in artificial light exposureObesity is an increasing health problem and is associated with the development of type 2 diabetes and CVD (1) . The pathophysiology of obesity is multifactorial, with the major contributions from overconsumption of highenergy highly palatable food and an inactive lifestyle (2) . One modern environmental factor that contributes to changes in eating behaviour is the widespread use of artificial light. The relative independence from the natural light-dark (LD) cycle, allows people to eat and engage in activities until late in the evening and at night. Artificial light has also led to an increase in nighttime sky glow and to the transformation of nightscapes. More than 99% of the US and EU population, and about two-thirds of the world population lives in areas where the night sky is illuminated above the threshold for light pollution (artificial sky brightness greater than 10% of the natural night sky brightness above 45°eleva-tion). Moreover, satellite data show that 70% of the US population and 50% of the European population can no longer see the Milky Way, even under the best conditions (3) . Cinzano et al. (3) calculated that only 40% of Americans live in a location where it becomes sufficiently dark at night for the human eye to make a complete transition from cone to rod vision. Despite the benefits for

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“…20,21 Moreover, use of microarrays suggests that up of 20% of the murine and the human adipose transcriptome is expressed according to diurnal rhythm]. 21,23 Therefore, a recent study performed by our group of research has provided an overall view of the internal tem poral order of circadian rhythms in human adipose tissue represented in a phase map. 24 The data included va rious genes implicated in metabolic processes such as energy intake and expenditure, insulin resistance, adipocyte differentiation, dyslipidemia, and body fat distribution, and indicated that circadian rhythmicity of the genes studied followed a predictable physiological pattern, particularly for subcutaneous depot.…”

Section: Adipose Tissue Changes During the Daymentioning

confidence: 99%

Chronobiology and Obesity

2013

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CRONOBIOLOGÍA Y OBESIDAD ResumenCronobiología es una palabra de origen griego: kronos significa tiempo, bios, vida y logos, estudio. A partir de los estudios de microarrays, se acepta en la actualidad que del 10 al 30% del genoma humano queda bajo el control de relojes moleculares circadianos. Este implica que la expresión de la mayor parte de las variables de la conducta, psicológicas y bioquímicas muestran ritmos circadianos. En su forma más sencilla, los relojes circadianos están compuestos por un conjunto de proteínas que generan oscilaciones circadianas auto-mantenidas. El reloj molecular comprende dos factores de trascripción, CLOCK y BMAL1, mientras que los PERs y los CRYs son responsables de la fracción negativa. Una de las preguntas más importantes relacionadas con el sistema circadiano y la obesidad fue dilucidar si el tejido adiposo mostraba un ritmo circadiano o si poseía un reloj perifé-rico interno. Nuestro grupo de investigación proporcionó una visión de conjunto del orden temporal interno de los ritmos circadianos del tejido adiposo humano.Un nuevo concepto relacionado con la enfermedad es el de cronodisrupción (CD). Se define como una alteración relevante del orden temporal interno de los ritmos circadianos fisiológicos y conductuales. En nuestra sociedad moderna, la CD podría ser frecuente en diversos trastornos como el jet lag, el trabajo a turnos, la luz nocturna o el jet lag social. Además, los polimorfismos de los genes horarios y el envejecimiento también podrían tener efectos de cronodisrupción. Nuestro grupo también ha demostrado que la obesidad y la CD están muy interconectadas. Con la ayuda de la cronobiología podemos llegar a un nuevo enfoque de la obesidad, considerando no solamente "cuáles" son los factores implicados en la obesidad, sino también "cuándo" se producen estos factores. Nutr Hosp 2013; 28 (Supl. 5):114-120Palabras clave: Cronobiología. Obesidad. Cronodisrupción. Epigenética. Tejido adiposo humano. AbstractChronobiology is a word derived from three Greek stems: kronos for time, bios for life and logos for study. From microarrays studies, now it is accepted that 10-30% of the human genome is under the control of circadian molecular clocks. This implies that most behavioral, physiological and biochemical variables display circadian rhythms in their expression. In its simplest form, circadian clocks are composed of a set of proteins that generate selfsustained circadian oscillations. The molecular clock comprises two transcription factors, CLOCK and BMAL1, whereas PERs and CRYs are responsible for the negative limb. One of the most important questions related to the circadian system and obesity, was to elucidate if adipose tissue displayed circadian rhythmicity or whether it had an internal peripheral clock. Our group of research has provided an overall view of the internal temporal order of circadian rhythms in human adipose tissue.A new concept related to illness is Chronodisruption (CD). It is defined as a relevant disturbance of the internal temporal order of physiologi...

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Diurnal variation of the human adipose transcriptome and the link to metabolic disease

Abstract: Background: Circadian (diurnal) rhythm is an integral part of the physiology of the body; specifically, sleep, feeding behavior and metabolism are tightly linked to the light-dark cycle dictated by earth's rotation.

Cited by 101 publications

References 53 publications

Circadian rhythms and clocks in adipose tissues: current insights

Circadian rhythms and clocks in adipose tissues: current insights

Nutrition in the spotlight: metabolic effects of environmental light

Chronobiology and Obesity

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