Diurnal Variation of Rainfall Associated with Tropical Depression in South China and its Relationship to Land-Sea Contrast and Topography

Yuchun, Zhao

doi:10.3390/atmos5010016

Cited by 11 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 56 publications

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“…At that point, the peak merges with the inland early afternoon convection frequency maximum at around 1500 LST, and the convection dies out quickly after 1700 LST. This propagation feature is very similar to that seen in long‐term TRMM observations [ Zhao , ]. How coastal early morning convection is triggered in the PRD in a statistical sense is investigated in the next section.…”

Section: Diurnal Cycle and Propagation Of Precipitationsupporting

confidence: 71%

“…In recent years, diurnal cycle of precipitation in China, especially during the warm season, also received much attention based on surface, radar, and satellite observations [ Chen et al ., ; He and Zhang , ; Yu et al ., ; Bao et al ., ; Sun and Zhang , ; Xu and Zipser , ; Chen et al ., ; Luo et al ., ; Zhao , ; Chen et al ., ]. During the warm season, there are three rainfall centers or maximum rainfall regions in China: South China, Yangtze‐Huai River Basin, and North China [ Ding and Chan , ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Radar‐observed diurnal cycle and propagation of convection over the Pearl River Delta during Mei‐Yu season

et al. 2015

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Using operational Doppler radar and regional reanalysis data from 2007–2009, the climatology and physical mechanisms of the diurnal cycle and propagation of convection over the Pearl River Delta (PRD) region of China during the Mei‐Yu seasons are investigated. Analyses reveal two hot spots for convection: one along the south coastline of PRD and the other on the windward slope of mountains in the northeastern part of PRD. Overall, convection occurs most frequently during the afternoon over PRD due to solar heating. On the windward slope of the mountains, convection occurrence frequency exhibits two daily peaks, with the primary peak in the afternoon and the secondary peak from midnight to early morning. The nighttime peak is shown to be closely related to the nocturnal acceleration and enhanced lifting on the windward slope of southwesterly boundary layer flow, in the form of boundary layer low‐level jet. Along the coastline, nighttime convection is induced by the convergence between the prevailing onshore wind and the thermally induced land breeze in the early morning. Convection on the windward slope of the mountainous area is more or less stationary. Convection initiated near the coastline along the land breeze front tends to propagate inland from early morning to early afternoon when land breeze cedes to sea breeze and the prevailing onshore flow.

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Section: Diurnal Cycle and Propagation Of Precipitationsupporting

confidence: 71%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Radar‐observed diurnal cycle and propagation of convection over the Pearl River Delta during Mei‐Yu season

et al. 2015

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“…The only location that almost consistently has the largest error is the PS location (>1470 m above sea level). Mountainous terrain can introduce a significant effect to variations of rainfall due to the generation of local wind currents, producing orographic impacts in tropics, especially those close to the maritime region (e.g., [60,61]). This was probably due to the potentially strongest orographic influence in this location.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Validation of Three Daily Satellite Rainfall Products in a Humid Tropic Watershed, Brantas, Indonesia: Implications to Land Characteristics and Hydrological Modelling

et al. 2021

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A total of three different satellite products, CHIRPS, GPM, and PERSIANN, with different spatial resolutions, were examined for their ability to estimate rainfall data at a pixel level, using 30-year-long observations from six locations. Quantitative and qualitative accuracy indicators, as well as R2 and NSE from hydrological estimates, were used as the performance measures. The results show that all of the satellite estimates are unsatisfactory, giving the NRMSE ranging from 6 to 30% at a daily level, with CC only 0.21–0.36. Limited number of gauges, coarse spatial data resolution, and physical terrain complexity were found to be linked with low accuracy. Accuracy was slightly better in dry seasons or low rain rate classes. The errors increased exponentially with the increase in rain rates. CHIPRS and PERSIANN tend to slightly underestimate at lower rain rates, but do show a consistently better performance, with an NRMSE of 6–12%. CHRIPS and PERSIANN also exhibit better estimates of monthly flow data and water balance components, namely runoff, groundwater, and water yield. GPM has a better ability for rainfall event detections, especially during high rainfall events or extremes (>40 mm/day). The errors of the satellite products are generally linked to slope, wind, elevation, and evapotranspiration. Hydrologic simulations using SWAT modelling and the three satellite rainfall products show that CHIRPS slightly has the daily best performance, with R2 of 0.59 and 0.62, and NSE = 0.54, and the monthly aggregated improved at a monthly level. The water balance components generated at an annual level, using three satellite products, show that CHIRPS outperformed with a ration closer to one, though with a tendency to overestimate up to 3–4× times the data generated from the rainfall gauges. The findings of this study are beneficial in supporting efforts for improving satellite rainfall products and water resource implications.

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“…On the one hand, the heterogeneous heating between the mountain and basin causes the mountain-valley wind circulation, which plays www.nature.com/scientificreports www.nature.com/scientificreports/ a key role in the difference of diurnal peak time between mountains and basins 48,49 . Just like mountain-valley wind circulation, the sea-land breeze circulation results in the EP diurnal cycle over the coastal regions 50,51 . On the other hand, the eastward movement of convection systems and low vortex affected by the heating over the Tibetan Plateau are well related to the EP diurnal cycle along the YRB, especially the nocturnal EP events over the Sichuan Basin 29,43,52 .…”

Section: Summery and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characteristics of Hourly Extreme Precipitation along the Yangtze River Basin, China during Warm Season

Zhao

Huang

Kan

et al. 2020

Sci Rep

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Based on the hourly gauge-satellite merged precipitation data with the spatial resolution of 0.1° × 0.1° during 2008-2016, the characteristics of extreme precipitation (EP) diurnal cycle along the Yangtze River Basin (YRB) and their regional and sub-seasonal differences during warm season have been indicated and revealed in this study. Results show that the EP amount (EPA) over most lower reaches of YRB exhibits two diurnal peaks with one in late afternoon and the other in morning, while the EPA over most eastern Tibetan Plateau (the Sichuan Basin and the northern Yunnan-Guizhou Plateau) generally peaks during late afternoon to midnight (midnight to early morning). The afternoon (morning) EPA diurnal peaks over the areas east to 110°E is mainly resulted from the short (long) duration EP events. However, both the short and long duration EP events lead to the nocturnal diurnal peaks and eastward propagating features of EPA over the regions west to110°E. The EP events over the Sichuan Basin generally begin at midnight and mostly peak around 03:00-04:00 Beijing time, and they start earlier and end later with the duration time increased. However, the EP events with short (long) duration over the lower reaches of YRB frequently start and peak in afternoon (early morning) and typically end at around 18:00 (07:00-08:00) Beijing time, and they start later (earlier) and end later with the duration time increased. Meanwhile, the EP frequency (EPF) diurnal cycles over the lower reaches of YRB exhibit obvious sub-seasonal differences in warm season, which show only a morning peak in the pre-Meiyu period, two comparable peaks with one in afternoon and the other in morning during the Meiyu period, and a predominant afternoon peak and a secondary morning peak in the post-Meiyu period, respectively. While the EPF over Sichuan Basin characterized by only one dominant early morning peak during all periods of the warm season exhibits much smaller sub-seasonal differences in the diurnal phase relative to that over the lower reaches of YRB.

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Diurnal Variation of Rainfall Associated with Tropical Depression in South China and its Relationship to Land-Sea Contrast and Topography

Cited by 11 publications

References 56 publications

Radar‐observed diurnal cycle and propagation of convection over the Pearl River Delta during Mei‐Yu season

Radar‐observed diurnal cycle and propagation of convection over the Pearl River Delta during Mei‐Yu season

Validation of Three Daily Satellite Rainfall Products in a Humid Tropic Watershed, Brantas, Indonesia: Implications to Land Characteristics and Hydrological Modelling

Characteristics of Hourly Extreme Precipitation along the Yangtze River Basin, China during Warm Season

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