Diurnal variation in resting levels of corticosterone is not mediated by variation in adrenal responsiveness to adrenocorticotropin but involves splanchnic nerve integrity

Dijkstra, I.

doi:10.1210/en.137.2.540

Cited by 29 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 0 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…The role of VIP in the adrenal glands is not entirely clear; functional studies have demonstrated a response by VIP to ACTH administration and splanchnic nerve stimulation as well as effects of VIP on glucocorticoid secretion by the adrenal glands [28, 34, 35]. Splanchnic denervation in rats has been shown to influence the diurnal rhythm of corticosterone production, either by sympathetic signals to directly induce corticosterone production or in adapting the adrenal responsiveness to ACTH [36]. This suggests that some form of interaction between the HPA axis and the autonomic nervous system controls corticosterone rhythmicity.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide Is Critical for Circadian Regulation of Glucocorticoids

et al. 2008

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background/Aims: Circadian control of behavior and physiology is a central characteristic of all living organisms. The master clock in mammals resides in the hypothalamus, where the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) synchronizes daily rhythms. A variety of recent evidence indicates that the neuropeptide vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) is critical for normal functioning of the SCN. The aim of our study was to examine the possible role of VIP in driving circadian rhythms in the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis. Methods: Circulating ACTH and corticosterone concentrations were determined by round-the-clock sampling under diurnal and circadian conditions. The responsive aspects of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis were tested by application of acute stress by footshock and light. Results: We demonstrate that the circadian rhythms in ACTH and corticosterone are lost in VIP-deficient mice. The ability of light to induce a corticosterone response was also compromised in the mutant mice, as was photic induction of Per1 in the adrenal glands. In contrast, the acute stress response was apparently unaltered by the loss of VIP. Conclusion: Thus, our data demonstrate that VIP is essential for the circadian regulation of an otherwise intact hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide Is Critical for Circadian Regulation of Glucocorticoids

et al. 2008

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Interesting, adaptation to discrete repeated stressors during the light phase was not mediated by ACTH (21). This effect may be mediated via the autonomic nervous system, in particular via the splanchnic nerve that acts during the AM but not the PM to inhibit adrenal responsiveness to ACTH (23–25).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diurnal Variation in the Responsiveness of the Hypothalamic‐Pituitary‐Adrenal Axis of the Male Rat to Noise Stress

Atkinson

Wood

Kershaw

et al. 2006

J Neuroendocrinology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Basal activity of the rat hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis is highly dynamic and displays both circadian and ultradian rhythmicity in corticosterone secretion. This study investigated the relationship between basal corticosterone pulsatility and the corticosterone response to noise during the early light phase when there are no endogenous corticosterone pulses and during the early dark phase when there are hourly pulses of corticosterone. An automated blood sampling system was used to collect blood in conscious male rats at 5-min intervals before, during and after exposure to 10-min periods of white noise (104 dB). Behavioural responses to noise were also monitored during these periods. During the early light phase (morning), there was a consistent corticosteroid response to noise with corticosterone concentrations rising rapidly and reaching peak values 10-15 min after the noise had ceased, following which circulating concentrations declined at a rate comparable to the hormones half-life. A second noise stress, 80 min later, resulted in adaptation of the corticosterone response. During the early dark phase (evening), the corticosterone response to the noise was similar to that seen in the morning, although there was no adaptation to a second stimulus. During the evening, the inhibition of endogenous HPA activity after the sound was limited to 40 min following stress.

show abstract

“…Under normal physiological conditions the contribution of the sympathetic nervous system on circulating glucocorticoid levels appears to be limited to times when HPA responses are extremely low relative to sympathetic responses. For example, during circadian fluctuations when the diurnal amplitude in plasma ACTH is extremely small, splanchnicectomy reduces peak circulating corticosterone levels (Dijkstra et al, 1996; Ulrich-Lai et al, 2006). Another example is following stressors that do not acutely stimulate HPA responses such as dehydration stress when corticosterone responses can again be blocked by splanchnicectomy (Ulrich-Lai and Engeland, 2002).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sympathetic nervous system contributes to enhanced corticosterone levels following chronic stress

Lowrance

Ionadi

McKay

et al. 2016

Psychoneuroendocrinology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Exposure to chronic stress often elevates basal circulating glucocorticoids during the circadian nadir and leads to exaggerated glucocorticoid production following exposure to subsequent stressors. While glucocorticoid production is primarily mediated by the hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal (HPA) axis, there is evidence that the sympathetic nervous system can affect diurnal glucocorticoid production by direct actions at the adrenal gland. Experiments here were designed to examine the role of the HPA and sympathetic nervous system in enhancing corticosterone production following chronic stress. Rats were exposed to a four-day stress paradigm or control conditions then exposed to acute restraint stress on the fifth day to examine corticosterone and ACTH responses. Repeated stressor exposure resulted in a small increase in corticosterone, but not ACTH, during the circadian nadir, and also resulted in exaggerated corticosterone production 5, 10, and 20 min following restraint stress. While circulating ACTH levels increased after 5 min of restraint, levels were not greater in chronic stress animals compared to controls until following 20 min. Administration of astressin (a CRH antagonist) prior to restraint stress significantly reduced ACTH responses but did not prevent the sensitized corticosterone response in chronic stress animals. In contrast, administration of chlorisondamine (a ganglionic blocker) returned basal corticosterone levels in chronic stress animals to normal levels and reduced early corticosterone production following restraint (up to 10 min) but did not block the exaggerated corticosterone response in chronic stress animals at 20 min. These data indicate that increased sympathetic nervous system tone contributes to elevated basal and rapid glucocorticoid production following chronic stress, but HPA responses likely mediate peak corticosterone responses to stressors of longer duration.

show abstract

Diurnal variation in resting levels of corticosterone is not mediated by variation in adrenal responsiveness to adrenocorticotropin but involves splanchnic nerve integrity

Cited by 29 publications

References 0 publications

Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide Is Critical for Circadian Regulation of Glucocorticoids

Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide Is Critical for Circadian Regulation of Glucocorticoids

Diurnal Variation in the Responsiveness of the Hypothalamic‐Pituitary‐Adrenal Axis of the Male Rat to Noise Stress

Sympathetic nervous system contributes to enhanced corticosterone levels following chronic stress

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About