Diurnal Monoamine Variation in Young and Old Rats: A Microdialysis Study

Sano, Atsuko; Aoi, Kazuhiro; Azekawa, Takaharu; Séi, Hiroyoshi; Seno, Hiromitsu; Morita, Yusuke

doi:10.3177/jnsv.38.special_577

Cited by 2 publications

(2 citation statements)

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“…Besides brain region, other factors seemed to modify monoamine levels, e.g. the age of the animals [47], genetic factors [4849], the environment [47] or the sex of the animals [50]. Furthermore, in female rats, the menstrual cycle also seemed to play a role [51].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Monoamine levels seemed to decrease or to lose rhythmicity with age; in older animals levels were lower than in younger animals [47]. Comparing studies with similar characteristics apart from the age of the animals, older animals (22–27 months) showed stable dopamine levels in the striatum, while younger animals (1–6 months) followed the fluctuating pattern 1 [475253].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Brain Microdialysate Monoamines in Relation to Circadian Rhythms, Sleep, and Sleep Deprivation – a Systematic Review, Network Meta-analysis, and New Primary Data

Menon¹,

Nolten²,

Achterberg³

et al. 2019

Journal of Circadian Rhythms

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Disruption of the monoaminergic system, e.g. by sleep deprivation (SD), seems to promote certain diseases. Assessment of monoamine levels over the circadian cycle, during different sleep stages and during SD is instrumental to understand the molecular dynamics during and after SD. To provide a complete overview of all available evidence, we performed a systematic review. A comprehensive search was performed for microdialysis and certain monoamines (dopamine, serotonin, noradrenaline, adrenaline), certain monoamine metabolites (3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetic acid (DOPAC), 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid (5-HIAA)) and a precursor (5-hydroxytryptophan (5-HTP)) in PubMed and EMBASE. After screening of the search results by two independent reviewers, 94 publications were included. All results were tabulated and described qualitatively. Network-meta analyses (NMAs) were performed to compare noradrenaline and serotonin concentrations between sleep stages. We further present experimental monoamine data from the medial prefrontal cortical (mPFC). Monoamine levels varied with brain region and circadian cycle. During sleep, monoamine levels generally decreased compared to wake. These qualitative observations were supported by the NMAs: noradrenaline and serotonin levels decreased from wakefulness to slow wave sleep and decreased further during Rapid Eye Movement sleep. In contrast, monoamine levels generally increased during SD, and sometimes remained high even during subsequent recovery. Decreases during or after SD were only reported for serotonin. In our experiment, SD did not affect any of the mPFC monoamine levels. Concluding, monoamine levels vary over the light-dark cycle and between sleep stages. SD modifies the patterns, with effects sometimes lasting beyond the SD period.

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