Diurnal Concentrations of 1,3-, 1,6-, 1,8-Dinitrophyrenes, 1-Nitropyrene and Benzo(a)pyrene in Air in Downtown Kanazawa and the Contribution of Diesel-Engine Vehicles.

Murahashi, Tsuyoshi; Miyazaki, Motoichi; Kakizawa, Ryuichi; Yamagishi, Yoshihisa; Kitamura, Moritsugu; Hayakawa, Kazuichi

doi:10.1248/jhs1956.41.328

Cited by 34 publications

(28 citation statements)

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“…6,7) In previous studies, we continuously monitored airborne particulates in Kanazawa, Sapporo, and Tokyo and measured the atmospheric concentrations of PAHs and NPAHs using HPLC with fluorescence and chemiluminescence detections. [8][9][10][11][12][13] These studies demonstrated that; *To whom correspondence should be addressed: Ishikawa Prefectural Institute of Public Health and Environmental Science, 1-11 Taiyogaoka, Kanazawa 920-1154, Japan. Tel.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…4 The main emission source of PAHs and NPAHs is the exhaust of diesel-engine vehicles in urban air. 10) The atmospheric concentrations of PAHs and NPAHs strongly depend on traffic volume, which is high in the daytime and low at night. 10,11) Atmospheric concentrations of PAHs and NPAHs were higher in winter than in summer because of higher atmospheric stability and larger combustion of heating fuel in winter.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Comparison of Atmospheric Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons and Nitropolycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in an Industrialized City (Kitakyushu) and Two Commercial Cities (Sapporo and Tokyo).

Kakimoto¹,

Matsumoto²,

Sakai³

et al. 2002

JOURNAL OF HEALTH SCIENCE

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Airborne particulates were collected at a site near a group of factories in Kitakyushu, one of the most industrialized cities in Japan, and at downtown sites in Sapporo and Tokyo, typical large commercial cities. We determined the levels of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and nitropolycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (NPAHs), which are known to be carcinogenic and/or mutagenic. The atmospheric concentrations of most PAHs with 4-, 5-, and 6-rings were higher in Kitakyushu and Tokyo than in Sapporo. On the other hand, atmospheric concentrations of the strongly mutagenic NPAHs were the highest in Sapporo, intermediate in Tokyo, and lowest in Kitakyushu. The atmospheric concentrations of 1-nitropyrene (1-NP) in Kitakyushu were one order of magnitude lower than those in the two commercial cities. Therefore the concentration ratios of NPAHs to their nucleus PAHs were significantly smaller in Kitakyushu than in the two commercial cities. This result suggested that the atmospheric levels of NPAHs in Kitakyushu were comparatively low, although the air in Kitakyushu was as heavily polluted with PAHs as the air in Tokyo. The concentration ratio of dinitropyrenes (DNPs) to 1-NP in Kitakyushu was much higher than that in the other two cities. A possible reason for the above two differences between the two types of cities is the contribution of chimney exhaust of steel manufacturing plants in Kitakyushu, which contains high concentrations of PAHs.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of Atmospheric Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons and Nitropolycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in an Industrialized City (Kitakyushu) and Two Commercial Cities (Sapporo and Tokyo).

Kakimoto¹,

Matsumoto²,

Sakai³

et al. 2002

JOURNAL OF HEALTH SCIENCE

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“…14,19,25) From these results, we concluded that 2-NP was formed in the atmosphere. As a mechanism of the formation of 2-NP in the atmosphere, a daytime reaction in which pyrene reacted with a hydroxyl radical in the presence of sunlight followed by nitration with nitrogen oxides has been proposed.…”

Section: Composition Of Npahsmentioning

confidence: 75%

“…14,20) Under the assumption that neither formation nor degradation had occurred in the atmosphere, the ratios were used to assess the contribution of diesel-engine vehicles. 20) Consequently, as the main contributor of the three DNPs and 1-NP in the urban air of Japan, diesel-engine vehicles have been considered.…”

Section: Composition Of Npahsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…13) The concentrations of DNPs and 1-NP were higher in winter than in summer because of the highly stable air in winter and of the oil heating. 14,15) Moreover, 2-NP was not detected in diesel-particulates but was found in the atmosphere. 15 16) However, in countries using large amounts of coal energy, the contributors and behaviors of NPAHs in urban air are not known.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Comparison of Atmospheric Nitropolycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Vladivostok, Kanazawa and Toyama.

Tang

Tabata

Мишуков

et al. 2002

JOURNAL OF HEALTH SCIENCE

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Airborne particulates were collected simultaneously at Vladivostok, Kanazawa and Toyama. 1,3-, 1,6-, 1,8-Dinitropyrenes (DNPs), 1-, 2-, 4-nitropyrenes (NPs), 2-nitrofluorene and 6-nitrochrysene in the particulates were analyzed by HPLC with chemiluminescence detection. All compounds were detected not only in Kanazawa but also in Vladivostok and Toyama. Moreover, five unknown peaks which might be nitropolycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons were detected only in chromatograms of Vladivostok. The [DNPs]/[1-NP] ratios at all stations were near the value found in diesel-exhaust particulates, suggesting that one of the main contributors of these compounds was dieselengine vehicles not only in Kanazawa and Toyama but also in Vladivostok. However, the difference in traffic volume at two stations in Vladivostok did not have a significant effect on the concentrations of DNPs and NPs in contrast to two stations in Kanazawa. These results suggested sources other than diesel-engine vehicles also contributing to DNPs and NPs in Vladivostok. Seasonal variations similar to those in Kanazawa were observed in Vladivostok and Toyama. As in Kanazawa, the [2-NP]/[1-NP] ratio in Vladivostok was larger at the lighter traffic station than that at heavier traffic station. This suggested that, as in Kanazawa, 2-NP was formed in the atmosphere in Vladivostok.

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Chromatographic methods for carcinogenic/mutagenic nitropolycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons

Hayakawa

2000

Biomed. Chromatogr.

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Nitropolycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (NPAHs), which are known to be carcinogenic and/or mutagenic, are considered to be one of the air pollutants that cause lung cancer. In the last two decades, a number of sensitive and selective methods have been developed for the determination of NPAHs and related compounds in environmental and biological samples. This paper describes the state of the art of the methods and applications.

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Diurnal Concentrations of 1,3-, 1,6-, 1,8-Dinitrophyrenes, 1-Nitropyrene and Benzo(a)pyrene in Air in Downtown Kanazawa and the Contribution of Diesel-Engine Vehicles.

Cited by 34 publications

References 0 publications

Comparison of Atmospheric Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons and Nitropolycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in an Industrialized City (Kitakyushu) and Two Commercial Cities (Sapporo and Tokyo).

Comparison of Atmospheric Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons and Nitropolycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in an Industrialized City (Kitakyushu) and Two Commercial Cities (Sapporo and Tokyo).

Comparison of Atmospheric Nitropolycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Vladivostok, Kanazawa and Toyama.

Chromatographic methods for carcinogenic/mutagenic nitropolycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons

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