Diurnal blood pressure rhythm and urinary catecholamine excretion in obstructive sleep apnoea and essential hypertension

Łapiński, M; Przybyłowski, Tadeusz; Lewandowski, Jacek; Januszewicz, A.; Wocial, B; Kowalski, J; Droszcz, W; Januszewicz, W

doi:10.1097/00004872-199312050-00125

Cited by 7 publications

(5 citation statements)

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“…Under normal circumstances, sleep decreases metabolic demand, oxygen consumption [18], fatty acid oxidation (FAO) [19] and adipose tissue lipolysis [20]. OSA and its components of sleep fragmentation/arousal, hypoxemia and hypercapnia independently and synergistically activate the sympathetic nervous system (SNS) as measured by catecholamines [21–23], heart rate elevation or variability [24, 25], and muscle sympathetic nerve activity [26, 27]. Autonomic impacts of OSA have also been stimulated in animal models [28, 29].…”

Section: The Hypothesismentioning

confidence: 99%

Sleep apnea: An overlooked cause of lipotoxicity?

Younas

Jun

2017

Medical Hypotheses

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Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a common sleep disorder associated with diabetes and cardiovascular disease. However, the mechanisms by which OSA causes cardiometabolic dysfunction are not fully elucidated. OSA increases plasma free fatty acids (FFA) during sleep, reflecting excessive adipose tissue lipolysis. In animal studies, intermittent hypoxia simulating OSA also increases FFA, and the increase is attenuated by beta-adrenergic blockade. In other contexts, excessive plasma FFA can lead to ectopic fat accumulation, insulin resistance, vascular dysfunction, and dyslipidemia. Herein, we propose that OSA is a cause of excessive adipose tissue lipolysis contributing towards systemic “lipotoxicity”. Since visceral and upper-body obesity contributes to OSA pathogenesis, OSA-induced lipolysis may further aggravate the consequences of this metabolically harmful state. If this hypothesis is correct, then OSA may represent a reversible risk factor for cardio-metabolic dysfunction, and this risk might be mitigated by preventing OSA-induced lipolysis during sleep.

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Section: The Hypothesismentioning

confidence: 99%

Sleep apnea: An overlooked cause of lipotoxicity?

Younas

Jun

2017

Medical Hypotheses

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“…Although hypoxemia is considered to be a major stimulus (75;78-82), arousal from sleep most likely intensifies the sympathetic activation accompanying each obstructive event (83)(84)(85). Interestingly, the increase in sympathetic neural traffic associated with sleep apnea persists into the waking period as evidenced by higher levels of plasma and urinary cathecholamines (86)(87)(88). Finally, and more importantly, is the consistent observation across several studies that sympathetic neural activity in sleep apnea decreases with appropriate treatment (89)(90)(91)(92)(93)(94).…”

Section: The Sympathetic Nervous System As a Causal Intermediatementioning

confidence: 99%

Sleep Apnea and Metabolic Dysfunction: Cause or Co-Relation?

Aurora

Punjabi

2007

Sleep Medicine Clinics

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“…8 -10 Muscle sympathetic nerve activity and nocturnal norepinephrine levels are elevated in these patients and are considered to be a possible cause of sleep apnea-induced hypertension. 11,12 Snoring and sleep apnea are often caused by factors that narrow the upper airway. Both nasal congestion and pharyngeal edema are such constricting factors occurring during pregnancy.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%