Diurnal Activity Patterns of Drosophila subobscura and D. pseudoobscura in Sympatric Populations

Noor, Mohamed A. F.

doi:10.1674/0003-0031(1998)140[0034:dapods]2.0.co;2

Cited by 18 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…3). A similar burst of activity near sunset in summer is seen in other populations of this and other species (see Noor 1998). Ecology, Vol.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 78%

“…In cool seasons, these flies are active primarily at midday, when ambient temperatures are relatively warm (for that season). In warm seasons, they are active primarily very early in the morning or especially just before dark (Noor 1998).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Although this assumption might seem reasonable, behavioral adjustments enable some ectotherms to achieve relatively constant T b at different seasons or latitudes (Stevenson 1985b. Drosophila thermoregulate carefully in laboratory gradients (Dillon et al 2009) and adjust activity patterns in nature (Pascual et al 1993, Noor 1998, Argemı´et al 2000 (Jones et al 1987, Feder et al 1997b, Gibbs et al 2003. Therefore, we first developed techniques to approximate T b and to score behavioral patterns of adult flies in nature.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Partial thermoregulatory compensation by a rapidly evolving invasive species along a latitudinal cline

Huey

Pascual

2009

Ecology

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Abstract. In fewer than two decades after invading the Americas, the European fly Drosophila subobscura evolved latitudinal clines in several traits. Moreover, its chromosomal inversion frequencies at given localities have shifted with climate warming. Temperature may have driven the evolution of both geographic clines and within-site shifts. Nevertheless, whether body temperature (T b ) of active flies actually varies geographically and temporally is unknown: if these flies are effective behavioral thermoregulators, they might maintain relatively constant T b when active, independent of season and latitude. To evaluate these possibilities, we monitored activity and estimated T b of active flies in all seasons and at five sites (37-498 N) in western North America. Latitudinal and seasonal shifts in activity are conspicuous. Flies have longer activity seasons (and are much more active) at higher latitudes. Flies are generally active only at midday in cool seasons, and only early and late in the day (if active at all) in warm seasons. Despite these behavioral shifts active flies have much lower T b in cooler seasons and at higher latitudes. The observed pattern is consistent with the hypothesis that geographic shifts in T b may be an evolutionary driver of latitudinal clines in this invading species.

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“…3). A similar burst of activity near sunset in summer is seen in other populations of this and other species (see Noor 1998). Ecology, Vol.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 78%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Partial thermoregulatory compensation by a rapidly evolving invasive species along a latitudinal cline

Huey

Pascual

2009

Ecology

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“…Females of this species are monogamous4647, although females will need to mate again if the first mate does not transfer a functional ejaculate48. There is no evidence of diapause6869.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gene expression clines reveal local adaptation and associated trade-offs at a continental scale

Porcelli

Westram

Pascual

et al. 2016

Sci Rep

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Local adaptation, where fitness in one environment comes at a cost in another, should lead to spatial variation in trade-offs between life history traits and may be critical for population persistence. Recent studies have sought genomic signals of local adaptation, but often have been limited to laboratory populations representing two environmentally different locations of a species’ distribution. We measured gene expression, as a proxy for fitness, in males of Drosophila subobscura, occupying a 20° latitudinal and 11 °C thermal range. Uniquely, we sampled six populations and studied both common garden and semi-natural responses to identify signals of local adaptation. We found contrasting patterns of investment: transcripts with expression positively correlated to latitude were enriched for metabolic processes, expressed across all tissues whereas negatively correlated transcripts were enriched for reproductive processes, expressed primarily in testes. When using only the end populations, to compare our results to previous studies, we found that locally adaptive patterns were obscured. While phenotypic trade-offs between metabolic and reproductive functions across widespread species are well-known, our results identify underlying genetic and tissue responses at a continental scale that may be responsible for this. This may contribute to understanding population persistence under environmental change.

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“…Drosophila subobscura is believed to have invaded North America from Eurasia sometime between 1975 and 1982 (Prevosti et al 1988;Ayala et al 1989), spreading very quickly across the United States and Canadian west coasts and to the Sierra Nevada and the Okanagan Mountains Noor 1994Noor , 1998. Analyses of chromosomal inversion polymorphisms (e.g., Prevosti et al 1988), allozyme allele frequencies (e.g., Balanya et al 1994), mitochondrial DNA restriction haplotypes (e.g., Latorre et al 1986;Rozas et al 1990), restriction haplotypes of the rp49 region (Rozas and Aguade 1991), and the frequency and allelism of lethal genes (Mestres et al 1990) have been conducted on North American and European populations of this species.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic Variation in the Spread of Drosophila Subobscura From a Nonequilibrium Population

Noor

Pascual²,

Smith

2000

Evolution

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Abstract. Drosophila subobscura was first identified in North America in the early 1980s, and a newer D. subobscura population in Utah appears to have been established more than 10 years later. In this study, we use nuclear microsatellite allele frequencies, mitochondrial restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) allele frequencies, and computer simulations to investigate possible scenarios of how this species has spread across North America. Our method develops a 95% confidence interval for the maximum and minimum number of founders that could have colonized the new population given various scenarios for spread. Unlike many other methods, it may be applied to nonequilibrium source populations given certain conditions. We find that observed allele frequency differences between newer and older D. subobscura populations are consistent with very few inseminated females being transported east from the coast in a single step or with larger numbers of colonizers invading after several intermediate steps. They are not consistent with a large, panmictic population of D. subobscura colonizing Utah in a single step.

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Diurnal Activity Patterns of Drosophila subobscura and D. pseudoobscura in Sympatric Populations

Cited by 18 publications

References 13 publications

Partial thermoregulatory compensation by a rapidly evolving invasive species along a latitudinal cline

Partial thermoregulatory compensation by a rapidly evolving invasive species along a latitudinal cline

Gene expression clines reveal local adaptation and associated trade-offs at a continental scale

Genetic Variation in the Spread of Drosophila Subobscura From a Nonequilibrium Population

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