Dithieno[3,2-b:2′,3′-d]pyrrole-based hole transport materials for perovskite solar cells with efficiencies over 18%

Abstract

Dithieno[3,2-b:2′,3′-d]pyrrole (DTP) derivatives are one of the most important organic photovoltaic materials due to better π-conjugation across fused thiophene rings.

Fluorine‐Substituted Benzotriazole Core Building Block‐Based Highly Efficient Hole‐Transporting Materials for Mesoporous Perovskite Solar Cells

“…However, the complicated synthesis procedures and low yield of Spiro‐OMeTAD make its price very expensive, triggering the researchers over the world to search for/develop efficient and low‐cost alternative HTMs. To date, many alternative HTMs constructed with different conjugated core units, such as phenothiazine, thiophene, phenoxazine, silolothiophene, triazines, and tetraphenylethene, have been reported . Benzotriazole (BTA) is a cheap and commercially available material, which has been widely used in designing sensitizers for dye‐sensitized solar cells by reason of the outstanding electron‐accepting property.…”

Core Structure Engineering in Hole‐Transport Materials to Achieve Highly Efficient Perovskite Solar Cells

“…However, its tedious synthesis and purification is a major obstacle for large‐scale production. To solve this problem and to further study the relationship between HTM structure and device performance, new organic small molecules with appropriate energy levels and favorable hole‐transporting ability were developed to replace spiro‐OMeTAD . The selection of the core structure is of great concern for designing organic small‐molecule‐based HTMs.…”

“…To solvet his problem and to furthers tudy the relationship between HTMs tructure and device performance, new organic small molecules with appropriate energy levels andf avorable hole-transporting ability wered evelopedt or eplace spiro-OMeTAD. [16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23] The selection of the core structure is of great concern for designing organic small-molecule-based HTMs. In recenty ears, as eries of HTMs with phenothiazine, [24] acridine, [25] benzo [1,2- [26] truxene, [27] tetraphenylethylene, [28] and others as the core structures were reported.…”

Nanoscale control of grain boundary potential barrier, dopant density and filled trap state density for higher efficiency perovskite solar cells

“…Commercialization of organolead halide perovskite‐based solar cells is very challenging due to their associated stability issues (thermal/photo/moisture/oxygen) despite remarkable efficiency . Recently, a protective hole transport material (HTM) has been utilized to prevent atmospheric moisture from entering the perovskite film, which leads to enhanced stability . However, such a protective HTM depends upon inherent properties such as permeability, hydrophobicity, and molecular density.…”

“…[17][18][19][20] Recently, a protective hole transport material (HTM) has been utilized to prevent atmospheric moisture from entering the perovskite film, which leads to enhanced stability. 7,[21][22][23][24][25] However, such a protective HTM depends upon inherent properties such as permeability, hydrophobicity, and molecular density. The use of a protective layer has drawbacks such as interfacial defects and changes in interfacial atomic and electronic structures.…”