Diterpenes in Coffea canephora

Abstract

The presence of diterpenes in coffee has received a great deal of attention in recent years, due to their physiological effects on human health. Some studies related to kahweol and cafestol contents in Coffea arabica are available in the literature; however, information on the impact of genetic variability on the profile of diterpenes in Coffea canephora is scarce. This work evaluates the contents of kahweol, cafestol and 16-O-methylcafestol in 15 genotypes of C. canephora. Coffees corresponded to three cultivars-Diamante ES8112, ES8122 'Jequitibá' and Centenária ES8132with different fruit-ripening seasons (early, medium and late). Coffees were grown at two locations in the state of Espírito Santo, the largest C. canephora growing region in Brazil, resulting in 30 samples. Kahweol was absent in 70% of the samples and the highest content observed was 14.1 mg 100 g À1 in the Jequitibá cultivar. Cafestol was present in all samples and it was the main representative of the diterpene class, with contents varying from 152 mg 100 g À1 to 360 mg 100 g À1. Contents of 16-O-methylcafestol varied from 26.3 mg 100 g À1 to 132 mg 100 g À1. A significant difference among genotypes was observed, and there was an interaction between genotypes and growing site for the three diterpenes studied.

16-O-methylcafestol is present in ground roast Arabica coffees: Implications for authenticity testing

“…5 . This is consistent with the literature, which suggests that the concentration of 16-OMC in robusta coffees varies considerably ( de Roos et al, 1997 , Finotello et al, 2017 , Kurzrock and Speer, 2001 , Mori et al, 2016 , Pettitt, 1987 , Scharnhop and Winterhalter, 2009 , Schievano et al, 2014 ). By way of example, using NMR Finotello et al quote the level of 16-OMC as ranging from 1204 to 2236 mg/kg for a selection of roasted robustas from across the world ( Finotello et al, 2017 ).…”

Quality attributes of roasted Arabica coffee oil extracted by pressing: composition, antioxidant activity, sun protection factor and other physical and chemical parameters

“…The analysis was performed as described by Mori et al, (2016), using UPLC Waters Acquity (Waters, Milford, USA) equipped with an automatic sample injector, solvent quaternary pumping system, column oven, and DAD detector, controlled by the Empower 3 program. Detection was set at 230 nm (cafestol) and 290 nm (kahweol).…”

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“…The Arabica coffee beans have kahweol:cafestol proportions between 1:2 and 2:1, and this ratio is a coffee quality parameter for the beverage [2]. Kahweol may be absent in robusta coffee, or present in very low concentrations (≤0.01% w/w) [16]. Kahweol differs from cafestol by an unsaturation present in the ring A of the diterpene nucleus, between carbons 1 and 2 (Figure 1).…”