“…Recent experiments using the Disturbed State Concept (Desai, 1974(Desai, , 2001Sane et al, 2008) and the critical state response model (Roscoe et al, 1958;Altuhafi et al, 2009) have attempted to model these two elements. Sane et al (2008) argue that as a material deforms, disturbed zones develop which are distributed throughout the material. As deformation continues, so these elements coalesce.…”