Disturbances of the western European ionosphere during the total solar eclipse of 11 August 1999 measured by a wide ionosonde and radar network

Farges, Thomas; Jodogne, Jean-Claude; Bamford, R.; Roux, Yvon Le; Gauthier, F.; Vila, P.; Altadill, D.; Solé, J. G.; Mirò, G.

doi:10.1016/s1364-6826(00)00195-4

Cited by 69 publications

(40 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…Earlier investigations of eclipse effects on the ionosphere were carried out by observing the changes in intensity of radio waves reflected from the ionosphere, followed by absorption measurements at oblique incidence on one or multiple frequencies, vertical incidence sounding (VIS) with ionosondes (Farges et al 2001), in situ measurements with rockets and satellites, total electron content (TEC) deduced from the Faraday rotation in the polarisation of lunar radio waves (Klobuchar & Whitney 1965), and more recently, with the advancement of the Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) technology, via GNSS-based TEC observations. Simultaneous multi-instrument observations (at single and/or several locations) (Farges et al 2001;Jakowski et al 2008) and targeted modelling studies (Müller-Wodarg et al 1998) seem to be most efficient when studying the complex, multifaceted nature of solar eclipses and their effects on the ionosphere.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Multi-instrument observations of the solar eclipse on 20 March 2015 and its effects on the ionosphere over Belgium and Europe

Stankov

Bergeot

Berghmans

et al. 2017

J. Space Weather Space Clim.

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A total solar eclipse occurred on 20 March 2015, with a totality path passing mostly above the North Atlantic Ocean, which resulted in a partial solar eclipse over Belgium and large parts of Europe. In anticipation of this event, a dedicated observational campaign was set up at the Belgian Solar-Terrestrial Centre of Excellence (STCE). The objective was to perform high-quality observations of the eclipse and the associated effects on the geospace environment by utilising the advanced space-and ground-based instrumentation available to the STCE in order to further our understanding of these effects, particularly on the ionosphere. The study highlights the crucial importance of taking into account the eclipse geometry when analysing the ionospheric behaviour during eclipses and interpreting the eclipse effects. A detailed review of the eclipse geometry proves that considering the actual obscuration level and solar zenith angle at ionospheric heights is much more important for the analysis than at the commonly referenced Earth's surface or at the plasmaspheric heights. The eclipse occurred during the recovery phase of a strong geomagnetic storm which certainly had an impact on (some of) the ionospheric characteristics and perhaps caused the omission of some ''low-profile'' effects. However, the analysis of the ionosonde measurements, carried out at unprecedented high rates during the eclipse, suggests the occurrence of travelling ionospheric disturbances (TIDs). Also, the high temporal and spatial resolution measurements proved very important in revealing and estimating some finer details of the delay in the ionospheric reaction and the ionospheric disturbances.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Simultaneous multi-instrument observations (at single and/or several locations) (Farges et al 2001;Jakowski et al 2008) and targeted modelling studies (Müller-Wodarg et al 1998) seem to be most efficient when studying the complex, multifaceted nature of solar eclipses and their effects on the ionosphere.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multi-instrument observations of the solar eclipse on 20 March 2015 and its effects on the ionosphere over Belgium and Europe

Stankov

Bergeot

Berghmans

et al. 2017

J. Space Weather Space Clim.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Study of the ionospheric response to a solar eclipse has been in place for decades, and extensive studies have been made with various experimental techniques, such as ionosondes, incoherent scatter radar, rockets, Faraday rotation measurements, global positioning system and satellite measurements (Evans, 1965a, b;Klobuchar and Whitney, 1965;Rishbeth, 1968;Hunter et al, 1974;Oliver and Bowhill, 1974;Cohen, 1984;Salah et al, 1986;Cheng et al, 1992;Farges et al, 2001;Tomas et al, 2007) as well as theoretical modeling (Le at al., 2008a, and references therein). Both the measurements and simulations show that the eclipse effect is larger in the midday than in the morning and afternoon, and also the decrease in electron concentration is greater in the F1 region than in the E region (Le at al., 2008a).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The equatorial ionospheric response over Tirunelveli to the 15 January 2010 annular solar eclipse: observations

et al. 2012

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Abstract. In this paper we present a case study of the annular solar eclipse effects on the ionization of E and F regions of equatorial ionosphere over Tirunelveli [77.8 • E, 8.7 • N, dip 0.4 • N] by means of digital ionosonde on 15 January 2010. The maximum obscuration of the eclipse at this station was 84 % and it occurred in the afternoon. The E and F1 layers of the ionosphere showed very clear decrease in their electron concentrations, whereas the F2 layer did not show appreciable changes. A reduction of 30 % was observed in the foF1 during the maximum phase of the eclipse. During the beginning phase of the eclipse, an enhancement of 0.97 MHz was observed in the foF2 as compared to that of the control days. But the foF2 decreased gradually as the eclipse progressed and a decrease of 0.59 MHz was observed towards the end phase of the eclipse. Observed variations in the h F2 and hmF2 showed lower values than the control days, although hmF2 was found to increase a bit during the eclipse. Observed variability in the E, F1 and F2 layer ionospheric parameters on the eclipse day and their departure from the control days are discussed as the combined effect of annular eclipse and presence of counter equatorial electrojet (CEEJ).

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“…During the past Correspondence to: L. Liu (liul@mail.iggcas.ac.cn) decades, the responses of the ionosphere to solar eclipses have been studied extensively with various methods, such as the Faraday rotation measurement, ionosonde network, incoherent scatter radar (ISR), Global Positioning System (GPS), and satellite measurements (e.g. Evans, 1965a, b;Klobuchar and Whitney, 1965;Rishbeth, 1968;Hunter et al, 1974;Oliver and Bowhill, 1974;Cohen, 1984;Salah et al, 1986;Cheng et al, 1992;Tsai and Liu, 1999;Huang et al, 1999;Afraimovich et al, 1998Afraimovich et al, , 2002Farges et al, 2001Farges et al, , 2003Tomás et al, 2007;Adeniyi et al, 2007). These studies have shown that there is almost a consistent behavior in the low altitudes where electron density drops by a large percentage during a solar eclipse, whereas the F2-region behavior may be quite complicated during different eclipse events, showing either an increase or decrease in electron density.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The ionospheric responses to the 11 August 1999 solar eclipse: observations and modeling

Liu

Yue

et al. 2008

Ann. Geophys.

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Abstract.A total eclipse occurred on 11 August 1999 with its path of totality passing over central Europe in the latitude range 40 • -50 • N. The ionospheric responses to this eclipse were measured by a wide ionosonde network. On the basis of the measurements of foE, foF1, and foF2 at sixteen ionosonde stations in Europe, we statistically analyze the variations of these parameters with a function of eclipse magnitude. To model the eclipse effects more accurately, a revised eclipse factor, F R , is constructed to describe the variations of solar radiation during the solar eclipse. Then we simulate the effect of this eclipse on the ionosphere with a mid-and low-latitude ionosphere theoretical model by using the revised eclipse factor during this eclipse. Simulations are highly consistent with the observations for the response in the E-region and F1-region. Both of them show that the maximum response of the mid-latitude ionosphere to the eclipse is found in the F1-region. Except the obvious ionospheric response at low altitudes below 500 km, calculations show that there is also a small response at high altitudes up to about 2000 km. In addition, calculations show that when the eclipse takes place in the Northern Hemisphere, a small ionospheric disturbance also appeared in the conjugate hemisphere.

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Disturbances of the western European ionosphere during the total solar eclipse of 11 August 1999 measured by a wide ionosonde and radar network

Cited by 69 publications

References 14 publications

Multi-instrument observations of the solar eclipse on 20 March 2015 and its effects on the ionosphere over Belgium and Europe

Multi-instrument observations of the solar eclipse on 20 March 2015 and its effects on the ionosphere over Belgium and Europe

The equatorial ionospheric response over Tirunelveli to the 15 January 2010 annular solar eclipse: observations

The ionospheric responses to the 11 August 1999 solar eclipse: observations and modeling

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