Disturbances of spontaneous empathic processing relate with the severity of the negative symptoms in patients with schizophrenia: A behavioural pilot-study using virtual reality technology

Identifying Oneself with the Face of Someone Else Impairs the Egocentered Visuo-spatial Mechanisms: A New Double Mirror Paradigm to Study Self–other Distinction and Interaction

“…Secondly, this difference in response speed is also typical for egocentered vs. heterocentered visuo-spatial tasks and conforms to previous behavioral studies employing comparable mental own-body transformation tasks (Parsons, 1987; Zacks et al, 1999; Blanke et al, 2005; Arzy et al, 2006; Mohr et al, 2006; Easton et al, 2009; Thirioux et al, 2009, 2010, 2014b). Computing heterocentered visuo-spatial judgments triggers an increase of RTs in comparison to egocentered visuo-spatial computation.…”

“…In fact, the former necessitate to mentally aligning one’s own-body axis on the other’s body axis (Arzy et al, 2006). This effect is further greater when the position of the other’s body in space does not match that of one’s own body, as in face-to-face postural configurations (Thirioux et al, 2009, 2010, 2014b). Accordingly, imagining oneself to be located in the body position of a front-facing individual, as it was requested in the Other-task, requires a mental rotation by 180° of one’s own-body.…”

“…Based on previous work (Blanke et al, 2005; Arzy et al, 2006; Mohr et al, 2006; Thakkar et al, 2009; Thirioux et al, 2009, 2010, 2014b), we expected faster reaction times (RTs) when participants performed the visuo-spatial task on themselves than on their facing partner. Consequently, to avoid a response synchronization bias due to that participants performed the tasks simultaneously (see Tasks), we used mute response buttons and participants wore B-Brand polyurethane ear plugs ( Figure 2C ).…”

Affective empathy in schizophrenia: a meta-analysis

“…If the QCAE is assessing personal distress to some degree, that may account for the heightened scores in the schizophrenia group. However, it is possible factors other than the scale itself impacted these results, as the IRI-Empathic Concern subscale also produced results in the opposite direction for some studies in the meta-analysis (though these effects tended to be small; Brown et al, 2016;Corbera et al, 2014;Fischer-Shofty et al, 2013;Matsumoto et al, 2015;McCormick et al, 2012;Montag et al, 2007;Thirioux et al, 2014). Future work should investigate the QCAE in more depth to better understand potential nuances in construct definitions and performance in samples with schizophrenia.…”

Comparaison du concept de « responsabilité » en neurosciences et en droit pénal : une revue croisée de littérature pour l’expertise psychiatrique

“…Des études récen-tes ont montré le rôle que tiendrait une altération de l'empathie dite « émotionnelle » dans la genèse du trouble dépersonna-lisation/déréalisation [29]. Ce processus peut être altéré dans diverses pathologies psychiatriques dont la schizophrénie, où son intensité est corrélée dans certaines études à la sévérité des symptômes négatifs [30], mais également dans l'épisode dépressif majeur [31], le spectre des troubles autistiques, plus particulièrement dans le syndrome d'Asperger [32] et certains troubles de la personnalité dont la personnalité antisociale [33]. Le concept de responsabilité en droit pénal Définition juridique de l'irresponsabilité pénale Selon la loi, ne peut être puni que celui qui a compris l'acte qu'il commettait, celui qui était libre de le réaliser ou de s'en écarter [34].…”