Disturbance and climate effects on carbon stocks and fluxes across Western Oregon USA

Law, B. E.; Turner, David P.; Campbell, John L.; Sun, Osbert Jianxin; Tuyl, Steve Van; Ritts, William D.; Cohen, Warren B.

doi:10.1111/j.1365-2486.2004.00822.x

Cited by 187 publications

(134 citation statements)

References 60 publications

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“…As noted in Law et al (2004), we have adapted Biome-BGC so that input parameters can be dynamic over the course of forest succession. Previously we used this feature to shift production belowground in late succession to reflect the age trends in bolewood production that are observed in FIA data .…”

Section: Biome-bgc Parameterization and Applicationmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Scaling net ecosystem production and net biome production over a heterogeneous region in the western United States

et al. 2007

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Abstract. Bottom-up scaling of net ecosystem production (NEP) and net biome production (NBP) was used to generate a carbon budget for a large heterogeneous region (the state of Oregon, 2.5×10 5 km 2 ) in the western United States. Landsat resolution (30 m) remote sensing provided the basis for mapping land cover and disturbance history, thus allowing us to account for all major fire and logging events over the last 30 years. For NEP, a 23-year record of distributed meteorology (1 km resolution) at the daily time step was used to drive a process-based carbon cycle model (Biome-BGC). For NBP, fire emissions were computed from remote sensing based estimates of area burned and our mapped biomass estimates. Our estimates for the contribution of logging and crop harvest removals to NBP were from the model simulations and were checked against public records of forest and crop harvesting. The predominately forested ecoregions within our study region had the highest NEP sinks, with ecoregion averages up to 197 gC m −2 yr −1 . Agricultural ecoregions were also NEP sinks, reflecting the imbalance of NPP and decomposition of crop residues. For the period 1996-2000, mean NEP for the study area was 17.0 TgC yr −1 , with strong interannual variation (SD of 10.6). The sum of forest harvest removals, crop removals, and direct fire emissions amounted to 63% of NEP, leaving a mean NBP of 6.1 TgC yr −1 . Carbon sequestration was predominantly on public forestland, where the harvest rate has fallen dramatically in the recent years. Comparison of simulation results with estimates of carbon stocks, and changes in carbon stocks, based on forest inventory data showed generally good agreement. The carbon sequestered as NBP, plus accumulation of forest products in slow turnover pools, offset 51% of the annual emissions of fossil fuel CO 2 for the state. Statelevel NBP dropped below zero in 2002 because of the combination of a dry climate year and a large (200 000 ha) fire.Correspondence to: D. P. Turner (david.turner@oregonstate.edu) These results highlight the strong influence of land management and interannual variation in climate on the terrestrial carbon flux in the temperate zone.

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Section: Biome-bgc Parameterization and Applicationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Earlier studies of carbon stocks and fluxes on forestlands in the region suggest that it is transitioning from a carbon source to a carbon sink (Cohen et al, 1996;Law et al, 2004;Wallin et al, 2007). Carbon flux in nonforest ecosystems of the region is less well studied.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Scaling net ecosystem production and net biome production over a heterogeneous region in the western United States

et al. 2007

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“…Although forests can become sources of atmospheric carbon following human or natural disturbance, during subsequent regrowth they can become atmospheric carbon sinks [17]. Natural factors affecting the amount and rate at which forests sequester carbon include climate extremes, wildfire, pest outbreaks, species composition, atmospheric pollutants, and so on [18][19][20][21][22]. Analysis of reforestation programs in some provinces in China have found tree species, forest age, and ownership changes also affect vegetation carbon storage [23,24].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spatiotemporal Distribution and Driving Factors of Forest Biomass Carbon Storage in China: 1977–2013

Yang

Deane

et al. 2017

Forests

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Abstract:Increasing forest vegetation is important for carbon dynamics and to maintain the ecological and environmental balance in China. However, there is little understanding of how socioeconomic factors affect forest biomass carbon storage (FBCS). Here, we used continuous functions for biomass expansion factors and China's seven completed forest inventories to estimate the changes in FBCS for 31 provinces in mainland China between 1977 and 2013. We developed a model that decomposes the contribution of the different socioeconomic factors driving FBCS. We found China's FBCS increased from 4972 TgC (1 Tg = 10 12 g) in 1977 -1981 to 7435 TgC in 2009, with a mean growth of 77 TgC/a, and the average forest carbon density increased from 36.0 to 38.9Mg/ha (1 Mg = 10 6 g), mainly due to the arbor forest contribution. Among the seven regions in China, the southwestern region currently accounts for the highest proportion (37.3%) of national FBCS, followed by northeastern (19.7%), northern (12.5%) and eastern region (10.8%). The main socio-economic factors affecting FBCS were forest land dependence, industrial structure and economic development level. Optimizing forest type and age structure, improving forest productivity, and strengthening forest management are feasible options to further increase China's FBCS.

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“…More importantly, the interannual variability of this carbon sink is not well understood. Extreme climate events (Ciais et al, 2005;Zeng et al, 2005;Xiao et al, 2009Xiao et al, , 2010 and disturbances (Law et al, 2004;Chambers et al, 2007;Amiro et al, in press;Xiao et al, 2010) could substantially affect ecosystem carbon fluxes and lead to significant year-to-year variations in regional terrestrial carbon budgets. Here we integrate eddy covariance flux measurements and wall-to-wall satellite observations to assess recent U.S. net ecosystem carbon exchange (NEE) and yearto-year variations.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessing net ecosystem carbon exchange of U.S. terrestrial ecosystems by integrating eddy covariance flux measurements and satellite observations

Xiao¹,

Zhuang²,

Law³

et al. 2011

Agricultural and Forest Meteorology

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and Torn, Margaret S., "Assessing net ecosystem carbon exchange of U.S. terrestrial ecosystems by integrating eddy covariance flux measurements and satellite observations" (2011 More accurate projections of future carbon dioxide concentrations in the atmosphere and associated climate change depend on improved scientific understanding of the terrestrial carbon cycle. Despite the consensus that U.S. terrestrial ecosystems provide a carbon sink, the size, distribution, and interannual variability of this sink remain uncertain. Here we report a terrestrial carbon sink in the conterminous U.S. at 0.63 pg C yr −1 with the majority of the sink in regions dominated by evergreen and deciduous forests and savannas. This estimate is based on our continuous estimates of net ecosystem carbon exchange (NEE) with high spatial (1 km) and temporal (8-day) resolutions derived from NEE measurements from eddy covariance flux towers and wall-to-wall satellite observations from Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS). We find that the U.S. terrestrial ecosystems could offset a maximum of 40% of the fossil-fuel carbon emissions. Our results show that the U.S. terrestrial carbon sink varied between 0.51 and 0.70 pg C yr −1 over the period [2001][2002][2003][2004][2005][2006]. The dominant sources of interannual variation of the carbon sink included extreme climate events and disturbances. Droughts in 2002 and 2006 reduced the U.S. carbon sink by ∼20% relative to a normal year. Disturbances including wildfires and hurricanes reduced carbon uptake or resulted in carbon release at regional scales. Our results provide an alternative, independent, and novel constraint to the U.S. terrestrial carbon sink.

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Disturbance and climate effects on carbon stocks and fluxes across Western Oregon USA

Cited by 187 publications

References 60 publications

Scaling net ecosystem production and net biome production over a heterogeneous region in the western United States

Scaling net ecosystem production and net biome production over a heterogeneous region in the western United States

Spatiotemporal Distribution and Driving Factors of Forest Biomass Carbon Storage in China: 1977–2013

Assessing net ecosystem carbon exchange of U.S. terrestrial ecosystems by integrating eddy covariance flux measurements and satellite observations

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