Disturbance after Disturbance: Combined Effects of Two Successive Hurricanes on Forest Community Structure

Kim, Dae Hyun; Millington, Andrew; Lafon, Charles W.

doi:10.1080/24694452.2019.1654844

Cited by 5 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 66 publications

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“…Nevertheless, these findings suggest that global resistance of mangroves to cyclones might be mainly the product of high AGB rather than shorter canopy, perhaps through a contribution of tree stem density and tree size (i.e., d.b.h.). Indeed, less dense stands can show greater openness, hence greater wind penetration and therefore higher wind-induced damage (Kim et al, 2020). In turn, disturbances can return forests to an earlier successional stage, which is characterized by higher tree densities, shorter tree heights and overall higher resistance to subsequent cyclone disturbance (Flynn et al, 2010).…”

Section: Cyclone Damage To Mangrove Canopies Depends On Storm Characteristics Forest Structure and Climatementioning

confidence: 99%

Disturbance frequency, intensity and forest structure modulate cyclone‐induced changes in mangrove forest canopy cover

Peereman

Hogan

Lin

2021

Global Ecol. Biogeogr.

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Section: Cyclone Damage To Mangrove Canopies Depends On Storm Characteristics Forest Structure and Climatementioning

confidence: 99%

Disturbance frequency, intensity and forest structure modulate cyclone‐induced changes in mangrove forest canopy cover

Peereman

Hogan

Lin

2021

Global Ecol. Biogeogr.

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“…Structure-disturbance interactions can also modify the frequency or magnitude of disturbances already present, or may even produce novel, unprecedented disturbance patterns (Kim et al 2020). For example, timber harvesting alters remaining root density and structure; if the scale of harvesting matches the scale of landslide initiation, the likelihood of landslides increases until those structures regrow (Goetz et al 2015).…”

Section: Emergent Properties Of Structural Patterns and Alterations T...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Although forest structure responds directly to disturbance, structural diversity may influence ecosystem resilience and resistance by mitigating or amplifying disturbance effects (Figure 3; WebTable 3). For disturbances like hurricanes, structure shapes how force is transmitted through forests at multiple spatial scales, from individual trees to stands and regions, which in turn influences the magnitude of tree mortality at those scales (Kim et al 2020). Structure also mediates disturbances like insect outbreaks through temporal synchronization of tree sizes, health, and stand density (Jactel and Brockerhoff 2007), or spatially via fuel continuity of contagious disturbances like fire (McWethy et al 2014).…”

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confidence: 99%

Forest ecosystem properties emerge from interactions of structure and disturbance

Mitchell

Kashian

Chen

et al. 2023

Frontiers in Ecol & Environ

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Forest structural diversity and its spatiotemporal variability are constrained by environmental and biological factors, including species pools, climate, land‐use history, and legacies of disturbance regimes. These factors influence forest responses to disturbances and their interactions with structural diversity, potentially creating structurally mediated emergent properties at local to continental spatial scales and over evolutionary time. Here, we present a conceptual framework for exploring the emergent properties that arise from interactions between forest structural diversity and disturbances. We synthesize and present definitions for key terms, including emergent property, disturbance, and resilience, and highlight various types and examples of emergent properties, such as (1) interactions with species composition, (2) interactions with disturbance frequency and intensity, and (3) evolutionary changes to communities. Although emergent properties in forest ecosystems remain poorly understood, we describe a foundation for study and applied management of forest structural diversity to enhance forest restoration and resilience.

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“…Such studies are often descriptive in nature, documenting patterns rather than understanding the processes producing them. Nonetheless, as the Anthropocene increasingly enhances disturbances under climate change, such disturbance overlap may become increasingly frequent (Seidl et al, 2016b;Burton et al, 2020;Kim et al, 2020).…”

Section: Serendipitous Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Understanding and Modeling Forest Disturbance Interactions at the Landscape Level

Sturtevant

Fortin

2021

Front. Ecol. Evol.

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Disturbances, both natural and anthropogenic, affect the configuration, composition, and function of forested ecosystems. Complex system behaviors emerge from the interactions between disturbance regimes, the vegetation response to those disturbances, and their interplay with multiple drivers (climate, topography, land use, etc.) across spatial and temporal scales. Here, we summarize conceptual advances and empirical approaches to disturbance interaction investigation, and used those insights to evaluate and categorize 146 landscape modeling studies emerging from a systematic review of the literature published since 2010. Recent conceptual advances include formal disaggregation of disturbances into their constituent components, embedding disturbance processes into system dynamics, and clarifying terminology for interaction factors, types, and ecosystem responses. Empirical studies investigating disturbance interactions now span a wide range of approaches, including (most recently) advanced statistical methods applied to an expanding set of spatial and temporal datasets. Concurrent development in spatially-explicit landscape models, informed by these empirical insights, integrate the interactions among natural and anthropogenic disturbances by coupling these processes to account for disturbance stochasticity, disturbance within and across scales, and non-linear landscape responses to climate change. Still, trade-offs between model elegance and complexity remain. We developed an index for the degree of process integration (i.e., balance of static vs. dynamic components) within a given disturbance agent and applied it to the studies from our systematic review. Contemporary model applications in this line of research have applied a wide range process integration, depending on the specific question, but also limited in part by data and knowledge. Non-linear “threshold” behavior and cross-scaled interactions remain a frontier in temperate, boreal, and alpine regions of North America and Europe, while even simplistic studies are lacking from other regions of the globe (e.g., subtropical and tropical biomes). Understanding and planning for uncertainty in system behavior—including disturbance interactions—is paramount at a time of accelerated anthropogenic change. While progress in landscape modeling studies in this area is evident, work remains to increase model transparency and confidence, especially for understudied regions and processes. Moving forward, a multi-dimensional approach is recommended to address the uncertainties of complex human-ecological dynamics.

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Disturbance after Disturbance: Combined Effects of Two Successive Hurricanes on Forest Community Structure

Cited by 5 publications

References 66 publications

Disturbance frequency, intensity and forest structure modulate cyclone‐induced changes in mangrove forest canopy cover

Disturbance frequency, intensity and forest structure modulate cyclone‐induced changes in mangrove forest canopy cover

Forest ecosystem properties emerge from interactions of structure and disturbance

Understanding and Modeling Forest Disturbance Interactions at the Landscape Level

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