Distribution, transfer, and time-dependent variation of Cd in soil-rice system: A case study in the Chengdu plain, Southwest China

Alleviating Cd translocation and accumulation in soil–rice systems: Combination of foliar spraying of nano‐Si or nano‐Se and soil application of nano‐humus

“…The concentration of Cd in Chongzhou has exceeded the second level of the Chinese soil environmental quality standard (Deng et al. 2019; Qi‐quan et al. 2014).…”

“…Rice plants and their rhizospheric soil were collected at different times during paddy growth (before planting, tillering, heading and maturity) (Deng et al. 2019). About 2 kg soil samples were air‐dried and crushed to pass through a 10‐mesh sieve for soil chemical and physical analyses, and a 100‐mesh sieve for Cd and soil organic matter (OM) analysis (Deng et al.…”

“…About 2 kg soil samples were air‐dried and crushed to pass through a 10‐mesh sieve for soil chemical and physical analyses, and a 100‐mesh sieve for Cd and soil organic matter (OM) analysis (Deng et al. 2019). About 1 kg of plant samples collected for the determination of rice biomass was separated into roots, stems, leaves and grains, cleaned with tap water thoroughly to remove the soil and washed with distilled water three times (Deng et al.…”

“…A recent national survey conducted by the Ministry of Environmental Protection (MEP) of China showed that about 7% of sampling sites were contaminated with Cd (Deng et al. 2019). The contaminated area of Cd and lead (Pb) has reached 20 million ha, accounting for 20% of the country's total soil area (Xue et al.…”

“…2014; Deng et al. 2019; Li et al. 2017; Liu et al.…”