Distribution Organization Optimization for Inbound China Railway Express at Alataw Pass Railway Station

Liu, Wenqian; Zhu, Xiaomin; Wang, Li

doi:10.3390/su11246914

Cited by 2 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 22 publications

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“…As the major passage of China-Europe trade, the development of the China-Europe Railway Express (CERE) has attracted widespread attention [9,10]. Some researchers have conducted relevant studies on market demand, government subsidies, investment, and sustainable development in CERE [11][12][13].…”

Section: The Development Of Cerementioning

confidence: 99%

Modeling Government Subsidy Strategies for Railway Carriers: Environmental Impacts and Industry Competition

2023

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In this paper, we investigate the government’s optimal subsidy strategy for the China–Europe Railway Express (CERE) considering environmental impacts and industry competition. Specifically, we consider three subsidy options: no subsidies, subsidies to CERE carriers, and subsidies to shippers. A game theory framework is developed to analyze the problem of developing a sustainable supply chain consisting of the government, competitive carriers, and shippers. First of all, we find that for the government, indirect subsidies to CERE carriers and direct subsidies to shippers lead to the same total social welfare. We then examine the conditions for phasing out government subsidies. Our results indicate that the government’s optimal subsidy strategy switches at a threshold level of CERE’s environmental advantage. In particular, when the environmental advantage of CERE is high, the government should subsidize CERE by subsidizing either the carrier or shipper. In contrast, when the environmental advantage of CERE is low, the government should opt out of subsidies. At last, we find that this threshold of CERE’s environmental advantage is further impacted by CERE’s capacity and marginal operating costs. This study differs from prior research by investigating various subsidy strategies while taking into account CERE’s emission advantage and the timing of subsidy withdrawal.

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Section: The Development Of Cerementioning

confidence: 99%

Modeling Government Subsidy Strategies for Railway Carriers: Environmental Impacts and Industry Competition

2023

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Bayesian network-based risk evaluation model for the operational requirements of the China Railway Express under the Belt and Road initiative

Feng

Jia

Liang

et al. 2022

Transportation Safety and Environment

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The operation of the China Railway Express features numerous links across several regions and countries. Effectively controlling the risks involved in the operation of the China Railway Express is crucial for ensuring safety and efficiency and promoting the sustainable development of the China Railway Express. The Bayesian network-based risk-management model was built corresponding to the actual operation of the China Railway Express; the model used an advanced risk-management theory. The sensitivity analysis of risk factors and Bayesian network inference were realized using the expectation-maximization and clique-tree propagation algorithms. Using the risk-checklist method, 17 risk-related factors were analysed on 17 nodes of the Bayesian network from three perspectives—safety, efficiency and effectiveness—based on expert opinions and the actual operating conditions of the China Railway Express. Data from a sensitivity analysis and evidence inference of the Bayesian network model indicated that the sensitivity coefficients of nodes N01, N04, N07, N08 and N17 of the network were high. Moreover, the risk-occurrence probabilities for nodes N01, N04, N06, N07 and N09 were higher in the case of reverse inference. Our results revealed the crucial factors influencing the risk. The identified risk factors included the stability of the political environment in countries along the route, conditions of station infrastructures and the complexity of the process of changing rails and reloading. Further, risk-management suggestions were provided. By establishing a sound risk-management framework, reliable assessment and management could be realized in accordance with changes in the operating conditions of the China Railway Express.

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Distribution Organization Optimization for Inbound China Railway Express at Alataw Pass Railway Station

Cited by 2 publications

References 22 publications

Modeling Government Subsidy Strategies for Railway Carriers: Environmental Impacts and Industry Competition

Modeling Government Subsidy Strategies for Railway Carriers: Environmental Impacts and Industry Competition

Bayesian network-based risk evaluation model for the operational requirements of the China Railway Express under the Belt and Road initiative

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